This document provides mathematical formulae in two sections. The first section covers relations, distance, average speed, mean, Pythagoras' theorem, probability, and other concepts. The second section covers shapes and space, including formulae for the area of rectangles, triangles, parallelograms, trapezoids, circles, cylinders, spheres, and other geometric objects. It also includes formulae for volume, circumference, scale factor, interior angles of polygons, and other spatial relationships. The symbols used in the formulae are explained. This document serves as a reference for standard mathematical formulae.

1. RUMUS MATEMATIK / MATHEMATICAL FORMULAE 1
The following formulae may be helpful in answering the questions. The symbols given are the ones commonly used.
Rumus-rumus berikut boleh membantu anda menjawab soalan. Simbol-simbol yang diberi adalah yang biasa digunakan.
PERKAITAN / RELATIONS
1. n
m
n
m
a
a
a 


2. n
m
n
m
a
a
a 


3. mn
n
m
a
a 
)
(
4. Distance / Jarak
= 2
1
2
2
1
2 )
(
)
( y
y
x
x 


5. Midpoint/ Titik tengah





 


2
,
2
)
,
( 2
1
2
1 y
y
x
x
y
x
6. Average speed
=Distancetraveled
Time taken
𝑃𝑢𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑎 𝑙𝑎𝑗𝑢
=
𝐽𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑘 𝑦𝑎𝑛𝑔 𝑑𝑖𝑙𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑖
𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑎 𝑦𝑎𝑛𝑔 𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑚𝑏𝑖𝑙
7. Mean = sum of data .
number of data
Min = hasil tambah nilai data
bilangan data
8. Mean =sum of(classmark  frequency)
sum offrequencies
Min =hasil tambah (nilai titik tengah kelas  kekerapan)
hasil tambah kekerapan
9. Pythagoras’Theorem/
Teorem Pythagoras
𝑐2 = 𝑎2 + 𝑏2
10. Probability of an event
Kebarangkalian suatu peristiwa
)
(
)
(
)
(
S
n
A
n
A
P 
11. Complement of an event
Peristiwa Pelengkap
)
(
1
)
'
( A
P
A
P 

12.
Gradient, m =
vertical distance
horizontal distance
Kecerunan, m =
jarak mencancang
jarakmengufuk
1
2
1
2
x
x
y
y
m



13. m = _ y-intercept
x-intercept
m = _ pintasan-y
pintasan-x
14. I = Prt
15. MV = P (1 +
r
n
)nt
16. A = P + Prt

2. BENTUK DAN RUANG / SHAPES AND SPACE 2
1. Area of rectangle =Length × Width / Luas segi empat tepat = Panjang ×Lebar
2. Area of triangle =
1
2
× Base ×Height / Luas segi tiga =
1
2
×Tapak ×Tinggi
3. Area of parallelogram =Base ×Height / Luas segi empat selari = Tapak ×Tinggi
4. Area of trapezium = 
2
1
sum of parallel sides  height = 
2
1
hasil tambah dua sisi selari  tinggi
5. Circumference of circle = d = 2r / Lilitan bulatan = d = 2j
6. Area of circle =  2
r / Luas bulatan =  2
j
7. Curved surface area of cylinder = 2rh / Luas permukaan melengkung silinder = 2jt
8. Surface area of sphere = 4 2
r / Luas permukaan sfera = 4 2
j
9. Volume of right prism = cross sectional area  length
Isipadu prisma tegak = luas keratan rentas  panjang
10 . Volume of cuboid =Length ×Width ×Height
Isipadu kuboid = Panjang ×Lebar × Tinggi
11. Volume of cylinder =  h
r2
/ Isipadu silinder =  t
j2
12. Volume of cone =
3
1
 h
r2
/ Isipadu kon =
3
1
 t
j2
13. Volume of sphere =
3
4
 3
r / Isipadu sfera =
3
4
 3
j
14. Volume of right pyramid = 
3
1
base area  height
Isipadu piramid tegak = 
3
1
luas tapak  tinggi
15. Sum of interior angles of polygon =
o
n 180
)
2
( 

Hasil tambah sudut pedalaman polygon =
o
n 180
)
2
( 

16. arc length  angle subtended at centre
circumference of circle 360
panjang lengkok = sudut pusat
lilitan bulatan 360
17. area of sector = angle subtended at centre
area of circle 360
luas sektor = sudut pusat
luas bulatan 360
18. Scale factor,
PA
PA
k
'

Faktor skala,
PA
PA
k
'

19. Area of image = 
2
k area of object
Luas imej = 
2
k luas objek