11. Amlopres L + Lisinopril 5 mg Amlodipine 5 mg

12. Supine systolic and diastolic blood pressure 24h after the last dose of treatment in 15 patients with essential hypertension ANOVA, analysis of variance; RX, therapy. Values are expressed as means + SEM. * P <0.05, ** P < 0.005, versus both (Combination). J. Hyper. 1993; 11:839-847

17. Percentage incidence of edema with calcium antagonist alone and with calcium antagonist-ACE inhibitor combination CA= calcium antagonist CA-ACEI = calcium antagonist-ACE inhibitor combination Edema (% incidence) Am. J. Cardiol 1997; 79:431-435

20. Amlodipine - Atenolol combination in hypertension : Mechanism of action Peripheral Resistance Cardiac Output Sodium & fluid Retention Aldosterone Angiotensin II Angiotensin I Angiotensinogen Beta stimulation Muscle contraction Ca ++ influx Renin Kidney Amlodipine Heart BLOOD PRESSURE Atenolol x

21. Interim mean supine blood pressure results of a multicenter study.  =change from baseline to final value (mm Hg). p values refer to the amlodipine-placebo differences in changes from baseline. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1988; 12 (suppl 7) : S32 *p=0.019 Atenolol plus Amlodipine (  22.3)* Atenolol plus Placebo (  11.2)* *p=0.057 Atenolol plus Amlodipine (  22.3)* Atenolol plus Placebo (  10.6)* Systolic Diastolic mmHg Weeks On Drug Weeks On Drug mmHg

22. Relative efficacies of amlodipine, atenolol and their combination on time to ischemia during treadmill exercise time versus episode frequency during ambulatory monitoring. AECG = ambulatory electrocardiogram; ETT = exercise treadmill test JACC 1995; 25(3) : 619-25 AECG (Median episode frequency) ETT (Time to ischemia onset) Amlodipine Atenolol Combination 100 80 * * * * * p <0.001 60 40 20 0 10 20 30 40 50

25. Amlopres-Z LOSARTAN Neutral effect on lipid profile Improves insulin sensitivity AMLODIPINE Neutral effect on lipid profile Favourable effects on glucose metabolism

26. Amlodipine Atherosclerosis Suppresses proliferation & migration of SMCs Prevents excessive secretion of connective tissue Inhibits LDL oxidation Normalises elevated serum insulin and triglyceride concentrations Restores and preserves endothelial function Losartan Inhibits angiotensin II-induced stimulation & proliferation of SMCs Restores and preserves endothelial function by increasing NITRIC OXIDE which is an endogenous vasodilator Amlopres-Z

27. Amlopres-Z

29. Losartan-Hydrochlorothiazide Combination: Advantages LOSARTAN  RAAS  Aldosterone  Serum Potassium Serum potassium levels remain within normal limits Hydrocholorothiazide Plasma volume and natriuresis  RAAS  Aldosterone  Serum Potassium + Improved Safety