The document discusses the history and techniques of mural art. It provides examples of murals from different time periods and cultures, such as the caves at Lascaux, Egyptian murals, Michelangelo's Sistine Chapel, and Diego Rivera's works. It also examines modern mural styles like CAM, tile murals, graffiti art, and symbolism. The document aims to educate about murals and inspire the creation of the author's own mural through examples of famous muralists and preservation techniques.
The document discusses the history and techniques of mural art. It describes murals as one of the oldest art forms, applied directly to walls and other large surfaces. Various styles are mentioned, such as fresco and secco. The document outlines where murals are commonly found, including schools, government buildings, and urban areas. It provides examples of murals throughout history from ancient cave paintings to modern street art. Symbolic elements in murals and techniques for preserving murals are also summarized.
Charles and Ray Eames were influential American designers in the 20th century. They met at Cranbrook Academy of Art and collaborated on many innovative furniture designs using new materials like molded plywood and new production methods. Some of their most iconic and widely produced designs include the Plastic Chair, first made in 1950, and the Wire Chair from 1951. Both chairs featured organic shell shapes and were designed to be mass produced affordably. The Eames' home in Los Angeles, Case Study House No. 8, showcased their designs and philosophy of honest and efficient use of materials. Their furniture designs continue to be produced today under license by Herman Miller and Vitra, who strive to adhere to the Eames' spirit of accessibility.
This document provides a summary of Warren Spindler's portfolio from 1973 to 2004. It describes 10 of his artworks from that period including sculptures like "Emotion Counter" from 1974 and commissions like designing the Mickey Mouse phone for AT&T in 1993. It also discusses rebuilding his art studio after it was destroyed in a fire in 2003. The works showcase Spindler's experimentation with materials and interest in themes like emotion and destruction.
The document is a 2010 social media marketing industry report by Michael A. Stelzner. Some key findings from the report include:
- The top questions marketers want answered about social media marketing are how to measure ROI, what the best practices are, and how to manage time spent on social media.
- Most marketers (65%) have only been using social media for a few months or less, though experience levels are growing.
- The majority of marketers (56%) spend 6 or more hours per week on social media, with nearly one-third spending 11 or more hours.
- The report examines the benefits, tools, trends, and other aspects of social media marketing based on
If your business is not harnessing the power of customer transaction data to optimize sales, marketing, product development, and customer service, it is likely that you have a Billing and Payments Problem. This paper identifies the warning signs of a potential billing and payment problem and clarifies the cost-drivers and business growth opportunities that suggest the need for a billing and payment solution.
Pop Art emerged in the early 1950s in Britain and late 1950s in the US, challenging artistic tradition. It is characterized by techniques drawn from popular culture like advertising and comics, and an emphasis on mechanical reproduction. Key artists included Richard Hamilton, Roy Lichtenstein, Jasper Johns, and Andy Warhol, known for works like Campbell's Soup Cans, Marilyn Monroe portraits, and a screen print of Mick Jagger.
The document discusses the history and techniques of mural art. It describes murals as one of the oldest art forms, applied directly to walls and other large surfaces. Various styles are mentioned, such as fresco and secco. The document outlines where murals are commonly found, including schools, government buildings, and urban areas. It provides examples of murals throughout history from ancient cave paintings to modern street art. Symbolic elements in murals and techniques for preserving murals are also summarized.
Charles and Ray Eames were influential American designers in the 20th century. They met at Cranbrook Academy of Art and collaborated on many innovative furniture designs using new materials like molded plywood and new production methods. Some of their most iconic and widely produced designs include the Plastic Chair, first made in 1950, and the Wire Chair from 1951. Both chairs featured organic shell shapes and were designed to be mass produced affordably. The Eames' home in Los Angeles, Case Study House No. 8, showcased their designs and philosophy of honest and efficient use of materials. Their furniture designs continue to be produced today under license by Herman Miller and Vitra, who strive to adhere to the Eames' spirit of accessibility.
This document provides a summary of Warren Spindler's portfolio from 1973 to 2004. It describes 10 of his artworks from that period including sculptures like "Emotion Counter" from 1974 and commissions like designing the Mickey Mouse phone for AT&T in 1993. It also discusses rebuilding his art studio after it was destroyed in a fire in 2003. The works showcase Spindler's experimentation with materials and interest in themes like emotion and destruction.
The document is a 2010 social media marketing industry report by Michael A. Stelzner. Some key findings from the report include:
- The top questions marketers want answered about social media marketing are how to measure ROI, what the best practices are, and how to manage time spent on social media.
- Most marketers (65%) have only been using social media for a few months or less, though experience levels are growing.
- The majority of marketers (56%) spend 6 or more hours per week on social media, with nearly one-third spending 11 or more hours.
- The report examines the benefits, tools, trends, and other aspects of social media marketing based on
If your business is not harnessing the power of customer transaction data to optimize sales, marketing, product development, and customer service, it is likely that you have a Billing and Payments Problem. This paper identifies the warning signs of a potential billing and payment problem and clarifies the cost-drivers and business growth opportunities that suggest the need for a billing and payment solution.
Pop Art emerged in the early 1950s in Britain and late 1950s in the US, challenging artistic tradition. It is characterized by techniques drawn from popular culture like advertising and comics, and an emphasis on mechanical reproduction. Key artists included Richard Hamilton, Roy Lichtenstein, Jasper Johns, and Andy Warhol, known for works like Campbell's Soup Cans, Marilyn Monroe portraits, and a screen print of Mick Jagger.
The document provides an overview of murals throughout history. It discusses various mural styles such as frescoes, techniques like buon fresco and secco, and locations where murals are commonly found such as schools, government buildings, and urban areas. Notable murals and muralists discussed include the caves at Lascaux, Egyptian hieroglyphics, Michelangelo's Sistine Chapel, Diego Rivera, political murals in Northern Ireland, and modern artists like Keith Haring, Roy Lichtenstein, and Andy Warhol. The document also examines symbolism in murals and how to preserve mural art.
The document discusses the history and techniques of mural art. It describes murals as one of the oldest art forms, applied directly to walls and other large surfaces. Various styles are mentioned, such as fresco and secco. The document outlines where murals are commonly found, including schools, government buildings, and urban areas. It provides examples of murals throughout history from ancient cave paintings to modern street art. Symbolic elements in murals and techniques for preserving murals are also summarized.
1) Apresenta tipos primitivos em Java como boolean, char, int e double e explica que String não é primitivo.
2) Demonstra como utilizar a classe Scanner para ler dados do teclado, como texto, números e caracteres.
3) Pede para fazer um programa que calcula a média aritmética e ponderada entre duas notas lidas.
An overview of General Motors' Project Driveway Fuel Cell Program, milestones reached, lessons learned, and what's ahead in GM's effort to commercialize fuel cell vehicles.
The document discusses the history and process of teaching jewelry making. It provides an overview of different eras of jewelry from ancient Egypt to the Victorian era. It then outlines four lesson plans for teaching techniques like sawing, filing, soldering and sanding. The document proposes teaching two jewelry pieces to classmates and describes adapting this project to teach African jewelry making at a diversity event. It concludes by reflecting on the importance of passing on jewelry making skills and knowledge through teaching.
Museums offer teachers professional development opportunities to learn how to utilize primary source materials in their classrooms. Workshops and institutes at museums like the Walters Art Museum, Baltimore Museum of Art, Library of Congress, and Smithsonian American Art Museum teach teachers how to access and analyze artifacts, documents, and artworks. Teachers develop lesson plans using museum resources and test them out in their classrooms. Technology like websites, images, videos, and podcasts are used to enhance lessons and student projects.
A boutique styled independent design studio encouraging intelligent and innovative design solutions.
NovaClutch’s experience ranges in scope from website graphics, book and magazine design, event planning, package design, identity and brand development, signage systems, promotional materials for artist exhibitions, and art direction. I understand what goes into bringing typography, advertising, marketing and design concepts to the public. I enjoy the idea that a design studio is a transparent interwoven blend of work, play, and a professional space. A flexible and diverse working environment specializing in: Graphic Design, Publication and Book Design, Curatorial + Museum Services, Research, Writing, Typography, Retail Applications, Signage, Fine Art and illustration, and Education.
Presentation to the CURSO DE VERANO
Bilbao Arte eta Kultura UPV/EHU: museos, redes sociales y tecnología 2.0 (museums, social networks and 2.0 technology)
6-7 July 2010 at the invitation of the University of the Basque Country.
http://tubilbao.blogspot.com/2010/06/bak-uda-ikastaroa-curso-de-verano.html
How to Look at ArtAuthor(s) Jane NormanSource The Metrop.docxwellesleyterresa
How to Look at Art
Author(s): Jane Norman
Source: The Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin, New Series, Vol. 28, No. 5 (Jan., 1970), pp.
191-201
Published by: The Metropolitan Museum of Art
Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/3258480 .
Accessed: 19/04/2013 20:34
Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at .
http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp
.
JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of
content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms
of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]
.
The Metropolitan Museum of Art is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to The
Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin.
http://www.jstor.org
This content downloaded from 199.73.44.216 on Fri, 19 Apr 2013 20:34:19 PM
All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions
http://www.jstor.org/action/showPublisher?publisherCode=mma
http://www.jstor.org/stable/3258480?origin=JSTOR-pdf
http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp
http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp
Late this spring the l\fetropolitan Museum, in cooperation with New Yort
City's Parts, Recreation, and Cultural AJjrairs Administration, will launch ztsJirst
mobile exhibztion, a visual education project called Eye Opener. The exhibi-
tion is based on spiral shapes in nature, in everyday objects, and in art, and its
purpose is sir>ply to introduce the pleasures of seeing to people of 11 clges.
Housed on a Jqatbed trailer that opens out under an inJqatable dome, Eye
Opener will tour New Yort Czzy neighborhoods for two years. It is being; fi-
nanced largely through a generous grant from the Billy Rose Fozlndation.
Jane Norman, who created this Jirst exhibition, has been an art educator for
many years, both in suburban schools and if l special projects in New Yort City.
In addition to her wort on Eye Opener, WIr. Norman has given a popular
lecture series at the Metropolztan entitled "The Art of Seeing."
How to Look at Art
JANE NORMAN
Crowded museums provide dramatic proof that an increasing number of people
want to look at works of art. But watching visitors as they wander through the galleries
is a disheartening experience. In general, they glance only cursorily at a work and then
make a careful study of the label beside it. Packed lecture halls and the sale of thou-
sands of art books are evidence that people want to understand the artist's message
but have no confidence in their ability to do so.
Having learned to think in words, most of us must be re-educated to think in shapes
and colors and spaces, for that is the only way to understand a work of art. There is
truth in the old cliche that if an artist wanted to use words to make his statement he
w ...
The document lists 10 sources used in a research paper or project on modern art. The sources include encyclopedia articles, museum websites, news articles, and artist biography pages that provide information on modern art movements, influential artists like Jackson Pollock and Robert Rauschenberg, and major exhibitions such as the Armory Show. Key modern art topics, events, and figures are represented across the various online resources cited.
Rose Sherman from the Minnesota Historical Society presented on opportunities for connecting history online. She discussed digitizing collections and making them accessible online through research databases and stories told via websites and podcasts. Sherman also covered engaging users through crowdsourcing content like user-generated stories, videos, comments and mashups. Emerging technologies like location-aware mobile devices and virtual worlds provide new ways to experience history. Collaborative efforts allow users to participate in history through activities like annotating documents and editing wikis.
Foreign language teaching methods presentationkellydunlevy
This document discusses different methods for teaching foreign languages in elementary schools, including immersion programs. It thanks several people for their help and support with a school project. The document also includes citations for references used in the project on the benefits of early foreign language education.
Surprising Sample College Application Essay ThatsLaura Martin
This document discusses Roger Bushell, a British pilot who organized and led an escape from a German concentration camp during World War 2. It provides context on Bushell's background as an Auxiliary Air Force pilot who was captured and sent to the camp. The document then discusses how Bushell organized and led the escape, but does not provide many details. It states that Bushell played a pivotal role in the escape but does not go into further depth.
The document discusses using literature to teach compassion to middle and high school students. It provides examples of books that can be used to teach compassion related to different topics, such as bullying, cultural differences, disabilities, physical disabilities, and learning/thinking differences. The document also lists resources like databases of children's literature and organizations that can be connected to the literature.
A presentation on how museums, libraries and archives (memory organizations) deliver public history using Interactive Communications Technologies in a world of always connected Internet users.
The document provides an overview of murals throughout history. It discusses various mural styles such as frescoes, techniques like buon fresco and secco, and locations where murals are commonly found such as schools, government buildings, and urban areas. Notable murals and muralists discussed include the caves at Lascaux, Egyptian hieroglyphics, Michelangelo's Sistine Chapel, Diego Rivera, political murals in Northern Ireland, and modern artists like Keith Haring, Roy Lichtenstein, and Andy Warhol. The document also examines symbolism in murals and how to preserve mural art.
The document discusses the history and techniques of mural art. It describes murals as one of the oldest art forms, applied directly to walls and other large surfaces. Various styles are mentioned, such as fresco and secco. The document outlines where murals are commonly found, including schools, government buildings, and urban areas. It provides examples of murals throughout history from ancient cave paintings to modern street art. Symbolic elements in murals and techniques for preserving murals are also summarized.
1) Apresenta tipos primitivos em Java como boolean, char, int e double e explica que String não é primitivo.
2) Demonstra como utilizar a classe Scanner para ler dados do teclado, como texto, números e caracteres.
3) Pede para fazer um programa que calcula a média aritmética e ponderada entre duas notas lidas.
An overview of General Motors' Project Driveway Fuel Cell Program, milestones reached, lessons learned, and what's ahead in GM's effort to commercialize fuel cell vehicles.
The document discusses the history and process of teaching jewelry making. It provides an overview of different eras of jewelry from ancient Egypt to the Victorian era. It then outlines four lesson plans for teaching techniques like sawing, filing, soldering and sanding. The document proposes teaching two jewelry pieces to classmates and describes adapting this project to teach African jewelry making at a diversity event. It concludes by reflecting on the importance of passing on jewelry making skills and knowledge through teaching.
Museums offer teachers professional development opportunities to learn how to utilize primary source materials in their classrooms. Workshops and institutes at museums like the Walters Art Museum, Baltimore Museum of Art, Library of Congress, and Smithsonian American Art Museum teach teachers how to access and analyze artifacts, documents, and artworks. Teachers develop lesson plans using museum resources and test them out in their classrooms. Technology like websites, images, videos, and podcasts are used to enhance lessons and student projects.
A boutique styled independent design studio encouraging intelligent and innovative design solutions.
NovaClutch’s experience ranges in scope from website graphics, book and magazine design, event planning, package design, identity and brand development, signage systems, promotional materials for artist exhibitions, and art direction. I understand what goes into bringing typography, advertising, marketing and design concepts to the public. I enjoy the idea that a design studio is a transparent interwoven blend of work, play, and a professional space. A flexible and diverse working environment specializing in: Graphic Design, Publication and Book Design, Curatorial + Museum Services, Research, Writing, Typography, Retail Applications, Signage, Fine Art and illustration, and Education.
Presentation to the CURSO DE VERANO
Bilbao Arte eta Kultura UPV/EHU: museos, redes sociales y tecnología 2.0 (museums, social networks and 2.0 technology)
6-7 July 2010 at the invitation of the University of the Basque Country.
http://tubilbao.blogspot.com/2010/06/bak-uda-ikastaroa-curso-de-verano.html
How to Look at ArtAuthor(s) Jane NormanSource The Metrop.docxwellesleyterresa
How to Look at Art
Author(s): Jane Norman
Source: The Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin, New Series, Vol. 28, No. 5 (Jan., 1970), pp.
191-201
Published by: The Metropolitan Museum of Art
Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/3258480 .
Accessed: 19/04/2013 20:34
Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at .
http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp
.
JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of
content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms
of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]
.
The Metropolitan Museum of Art is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to The
Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin.
http://www.jstor.org
This content downloaded from 199.73.44.216 on Fri, 19 Apr 2013 20:34:19 PM
All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions
http://www.jstor.org/action/showPublisher?publisherCode=mma
http://www.jstor.org/stable/3258480?origin=JSTOR-pdf
http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp
http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp
Late this spring the l\fetropolitan Museum, in cooperation with New Yort
City's Parts, Recreation, and Cultural AJjrairs Administration, will launch ztsJirst
mobile exhibztion, a visual education project called Eye Opener. The exhibi-
tion is based on spiral shapes in nature, in everyday objects, and in art, and its
purpose is sir>ply to introduce the pleasures of seeing to people of 11 clges.
Housed on a Jqatbed trailer that opens out under an inJqatable dome, Eye
Opener will tour New Yort Czzy neighborhoods for two years. It is being; fi-
nanced largely through a generous grant from the Billy Rose Fozlndation.
Jane Norman, who created this Jirst exhibition, has been an art educator for
many years, both in suburban schools and if l special projects in New Yort City.
In addition to her wort on Eye Opener, WIr. Norman has given a popular
lecture series at the Metropolztan entitled "The Art of Seeing."
How to Look at Art
JANE NORMAN
Crowded museums provide dramatic proof that an increasing number of people
want to look at works of art. But watching visitors as they wander through the galleries
is a disheartening experience. In general, they glance only cursorily at a work and then
make a careful study of the label beside it. Packed lecture halls and the sale of thou-
sands of art books are evidence that people want to understand the artist's message
but have no confidence in their ability to do so.
Having learned to think in words, most of us must be re-educated to think in shapes
and colors and spaces, for that is the only way to understand a work of art. There is
truth in the old cliche that if an artist wanted to use words to make his statement he
w ...
The document lists 10 sources used in a research paper or project on modern art. The sources include encyclopedia articles, museum websites, news articles, and artist biography pages that provide information on modern art movements, influential artists like Jackson Pollock and Robert Rauschenberg, and major exhibitions such as the Armory Show. Key modern art topics, events, and figures are represented across the various online resources cited.
Rose Sherman from the Minnesota Historical Society presented on opportunities for connecting history online. She discussed digitizing collections and making them accessible online through research databases and stories told via websites and podcasts. Sherman also covered engaging users through crowdsourcing content like user-generated stories, videos, comments and mashups. Emerging technologies like location-aware mobile devices and virtual worlds provide new ways to experience history. Collaborative efforts allow users to participate in history through activities like annotating documents and editing wikis.
Foreign language teaching methods presentationkellydunlevy
This document discusses different methods for teaching foreign languages in elementary schools, including immersion programs. It thanks several people for their help and support with a school project. The document also includes citations for references used in the project on the benefits of early foreign language education.
Surprising Sample College Application Essay ThatsLaura Martin
This document discusses Roger Bushell, a British pilot who organized and led an escape from a German concentration camp during World War 2. It provides context on Bushell's background as an Auxiliary Air Force pilot who was captured and sent to the camp. The document then discusses how Bushell organized and led the escape, but does not provide many details. It states that Bushell played a pivotal role in the escape but does not go into further depth.
The document discusses using literature to teach compassion to middle and high school students. It provides examples of books that can be used to teach compassion related to different topics, such as bullying, cultural differences, disabilities, physical disabilities, and learning/thinking differences. The document also lists resources like databases of children's literature and organizations that can be connected to the literature.
A presentation on how museums, libraries and archives (memory organizations) deliver public history using Interactive Communications Technologies in a world of always connected Internet users.
This document discusses ways that visual arts can be used to expand student understanding of history in social studies classrooms. It provides 10 concepts for how visual arts can deepen historical study, such as allowing students to research particular artists or art movements to better understand historical periods. Other concepts include studying art-related technologies, interpreting meaning from images, analyzing artistic styles, and using art to experience history. The document provides examples for each concept and additional resources for integrating visual arts and social studies.
The document provides details about various projects in Jessica Wu's portfolio, including case studies of Carlo Scarpa's Castelvecchio restoration and Philip Johnson's Glass House, as well as projects focused on sustainable design, renovating a space in Boston, designing sets for an opera, and exploring the Danish concept of "hygge". It includes descriptions of each project, inspiration, design approaches, and renderings or drawings related to the work.
The document provides instructions for requesting writing assistance from HelpWriting.net. It outlines a 5-step process: 1) Create an account with a password and email. 2) Complete a 10-minute order form providing instructions, sources, and deadline. 3) Review bids from writers and select one based on qualifications. 4) Review the completed paper and authorize payment. 5) Request revisions until satisfied, with a refund option for plagiarized content.
Museum as Platform; Curator as ChampionNancy Proctor
"Museum as Platform; Curator as Champion: Learning to sing in the age of social media," a presentation by Nancy Proctor at the conference, "Event Culture: The Museum and Its Staging of Contemporary Art" organized by the Copenhagen Doctoral School of Cultural Studies, Department of Arts and Cultural Studies, Louisiana Museum of Modern Art, 7 November 2009.
Creative Commons License Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 United States
This document summarizes and discusses several artworks and projects that involve collecting and copying digital information and images from the internet. It describes Penelope Umbrico's ongoing project of collecting sunsets from Flickr, Hans-Peter Feldmann's collections of photographs of clothes and seated women, and examples of art collections by Aby Warburg and John Baldessari. It also discusses projects by Jon Rafman, Natalie Bookchin, Olia Lialina and Dragan Espenschied that collect and recontextualize Google Street View and other online images. The document argues that these artists use digital collecting and copying to create new meaning and contextualize fragmented online information.
This document discusses the history of recording technology from records to cassette tapes to CDs and how this evolution enabled sampling and remix culture. It then covers U.S. copyright law and the owner's exclusive rights to reproduce, distribute, perform and display copyrighted works, as well as the fair use clause. The document concludes by examining how remix culture and technology have challenged existing copyright law.
3. Thesis Statement
The various styles, symbols, and techniques used to
create mural art have been practiced throughout
history to express thoughts, feelings, heritage and
beliefs. Murals continue to be a creative outlet for
many cultures and continue to influence society
day by day. By taking on the task of creating my
own mural, I proved how such a challenge can be
fulfilled and accomplished with the right amount of
drive, focus, and responsibility.
5. What is a
mural?
One of the world’s
oldest forms of art
Applied directly onto
wa$s, ceiling, and other
vast spaces.
Kayne, R. "What is a mural?" WiseGeek.com. N.p., 2010. Web. 3 Mar. 2010.
<http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-a-mural.htm>.
6. Where are murals found?
Schools
Government
Buildings
Urban Areas
Smith, S.E. "What is the history of mural painting?" www.wisegeek.com. N.p.,
2010. Web. 3 Mar. 2010. <http://www.wisegeek.com/
what-is-the-history-of-mural-painting.htm>.
7. Who paints murals?
Artists that are:
determined,
commissioned,and posses a
wide range of skills
From all different
backgrounds
You don’t NEED to be an
artist to help with a mural.
Smith, S.E. "What is the history of mural painting?" www.wisegeek.com. N.p.,
2010. Web. 3 Mar. 2010. <http://www.wisegeek.com/
what-is-the-history-of-mural-painting.htm>.
8. Why do we use murals?
A form of story telling
To learn from the past
A form of therapy
19. First
commissioned in
America in the Reintroduced fresco style
1930’s "Diego Rivera." PBS.org. PBS, 2006. Web. 3 Mar. 2010. <http://www.pbs.org/
wnet/americanmasters/episodes/diego-rivera/about-the-artist/64/>.
23. Fresco
*Afrescco, italian for “&esh”
*Paint is applied onto plaster
which is applied onto surface
"Fresco Terms." MyStudios.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 3 Mar. 2010.
<http://www.mystudios.com/gallery/giotto/terms.html>.
24. Buon Fresco
*Painting in pigment mixed *Painted onto a thin layer of wet lime
with water mortar or plaster
"Fresco Terms." MyStudios.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 3 Mar. 2010.
<http://www.mystudios.com/gallery/giotto/terms.html>.
25. Secco
*Painted on dry plaster
Secco is Italian for “dry”
"Fresco Terms." MyStudios.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 3 Mar. 2010.
<http://www.mystudios.com/gallery/giotto/terms.html>.
26. Mezzo
Fresco
*Painted on nearly dry plaster
*Used by Michaleangelo
*Defined by Ignazio Pozzo
"Fresco Terms." MyStudios.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 3 Mar. 2010.
<http://www.mystudios.com/gallery/giotto/terms.html>.
27. Tempra
Pigments are completely binded to
medium or solvent.
"Fresco Terms." MyStudios.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 3 Mar. 2010.
<http://www.mystudios.com/gallery/giotto/terms.html>.
29. CAM
(Computer Aided-
Mural)
Invented in 1998 by Rainer Maria
Latzke
Useful for reproducing the same
image
Also useful for the those who aren’t
very ski$ed
Han, Hongfan, and Donming Lu. "Computer Aided Protection and Restoration of
Dunhuang Mural ." Computer Aided Protection and Restoration of Dunhuang
Mural (2000): 6434,6435,6436,6437,6438. Galenet. Web. 6 Apr. 2010.
57. Keith Haring
"About Haring." Keith Haring. The Keith Haring Foundation, 2009. Web. 6 Apr.
2010. <http://www.haring.com/about_haring/bio/index.html>.
70. Works Cited
"About Haring." Keith Haring. The Keith Haring Foundation, 2009. Web. 6 Apr. "Lascaux Caves." Sacred-Destination.com. N.p., 2010. Web. 3 Mar. 2010.
2010. <http://www.haring.com/about_haring/bio/index.html>. <http://www.sacred-destinations.com/france/lascaux-caves>.
"Ancient Egypt." Schoolastic.com. N.p., 2010. Web. 3 Mar. 2010. "Mural Painting (Application and Techniques)." http://www.rexart.com. Rex Art
<http://teacher.scholastic.com/lessonrepro/lessonplans/theme/egypt04.htm>. Supplies, 2009. Web. 2 Dec. 2009.
"The Andy Warhol Family Album." Warhola.com. Warhola Family, 2009. Web. 6 Apr. "Mural Program." Santo.org. N.p., n.d. Web. 5 Apr. 2010.
2010. <http://www.warhola.com/biography.html>. <http://www.sananto.org/mural/>.
"Diego Rivera." PBS.org. PBS, 2006. Web. 3 Mar. 2010. <http://www.pbs.org/ "Political Wall Murals in Northern Ireland." Cain Web Service. N.p., 18 Feb.
wnet/americanmasters/episodes/diego-rivera/about-the-artist/64/>. 2010. Web. 5 Apr. 2010. <http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/murals/>.
Esaak, Shelly. "Michelangelo-The Sitine Chapel." About.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 3 Pomerantz, Joel. "Making Your Mural Last." BikeMural.org. N.p., 2002. Web. 5
Mar. 2010. <http://arthistory.about.com/od/famous_paintings/a/ Apr. 2010. <http://www.bikemural.org/muralprotection.html>.
sischap_ceiling.htm>.
Seligman, Patricia. Painting Murals. Illus. Coral Mula. Ed. Jennifer Jones.
"Fresco Terms." MyStudios.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 3 Mar. 2010. Cincinnati: North Light Books, 2002. Print.
<http://www.mystudios.com/gallery/giotto/terms.html>.
Smith, S.E. "What is the history of mural painting?" www.wisegeek.com. N.p.,
Golden, Jane, Robin Rice, and Monica Yant Kinney. Philadelphia Murals and The 2010. Web. 3 Mar. 2010. <http://www.wisegeek.com/
Stories They Tell. Illus. David Graham and Jack Ramsdale. Philadelphia: what-is-the-history-of-mural-painting.htm>.
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Web. 5 Apr. 2010. <http://arthistory.suite101.com/article.cfm/ Towers, George C. "Graffiti Art." Graffiti.org. N.p., 1997. Web. 5 Apr. 2010.
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72. “Don’t measure yourself by what you have
accomplished, but what you should have accomplished
with your ability.”
Editor's Notes
Art has always been an outlet for me, being an artist, I am always looking for news way to express myself.Some artists are better at drawing, some are better at sculpting- but I myself, am a painter. I have countless canvas&#x2019; done but I wanted to step outside my comfort zone and try something new, which is why I wanted to challenge myself with a mural.
Murals are one of the world&#x2019;s oldest forms of art- dating back to the Paleolithical age. Murals are applied directly onto walls, ceilings, and other large flat surfaces. A mural can be one of several different styles- but all are designed to express a thought, issue, tell a story, or bring beauty to the building, whether inside or out.
Murals are also one of the world&#x2019;s oldest forms of communication.
Not all murals are large scale, however large scale murals seem to make more of an impact.
Because creating a mural can be such a costly process- they are usually commissioned to be painted by government or a private institution. For this reason, murals are more commonly found in schools, government buildings, and on buildings you would find in more urban locations like cities, which are the type of murals you are probably more familiar with.
However, murals are not limited to these areas. Anyone can create a mural, on a smaller scale, so that they can meet their own budget, such as I did for my project.
People from all different back grounds.
Usually the artists who lead a mural produce lots of different kinds of artwork, rather than just murals alone.
They maintain a wide range of skills
Usually a team of artists works together to create a mural, but there is an artist in particular who heads the project and is responsible for making sure that each member of the team knows what they should be doing
Murals are very popular with community out reach groups
Here are a few example of how mural art has transcended and developed though out history.
We will begin with the great Caves at Lascaux
The caves at Lascaux are the oldest known form of man made art. And are located in Southern France. The caves were discovered by a group of teenagers in 1940.
Opened to the public in 1948, after years of scientific research were made on them.
The caves contain nearly 2,000 images,mostly animals
By 1955 the CO2 produced by visitors, visibly damaged the paintings.
Hence the caves being closed to the public in 1963. Once closed, the paintings were restored,and from there after monitored on a daily basis.
The most recent update to the caves was 2 years ago, in 2008- black mold was discovered, and officials are still working at trying to keep it of the paintings.
At this present time, only a few scientific experts are allowed to work in the caves a few days a month-to try and remove fungus.
Depicted everyday life
Told stories of gods and goddesses
Decorated tombs
Michael Angelo painted the ceiling between 1508-1512. He painted an estimated 12,000 square feet of ceiling space which he was commissioned by Pope Julius II to paint.
The ceiling is Fresco style
The central aspect of the ceiling are 9 scenes from The Book of Genesis.
Used to represent Religious stories. People were illiterate at the time, so the murals would be used as teaching devices.
The sistine chapel ceiling restoration began in 1984,and after it was completed, the chapel was reopened, in 1994.
One of the most iconic images on the chapel ceiling is the hand of god giving life the Adam.
In the &#x201C;art world&#x201D; this image ranks just as highly as works like The Mona Lisa, by leonardo divinci
One of the more recognized parts of the Sistine Chapel.
Spans the entire wall behind the altar in the chapel
Is a depiction of the second coming of Christ (the Apocalypse)
The wall that The Last Judgement is painted on looms out slightly over the church goers as the ceiling rises. The placement of this mural is supposed to be somewhat fearful, in the hopes of it instilling respect for God&#x2019;s power.
Diego Rivera is one of the worlds most recognized muralists
He is credited for the &#x201C;reintroduction&#x201D; of the fresco style mural into modern day society.
In 1930 Rivera began work on his first two American commissions-that would change the world of art forever.
Diego Rivera is considered the greatest mexican painter of the 20th century, probably due to the fact that he had such a profound effect on the international art world.
Because Rivera used a Fresco style, he was able to introduce his work into the lives of everday people.
He believed that the grand size of his canvas&#x2019; (or walls) was the perfect way to tackle themes like history and the future of humanity
Northern Ireland is said to contain the world&#x2019;s most famous political murals.
Nearly 2,000 murals have been documented in Northern Ireland since the 1970s.
The murals usually portray one side's political point of view.
Express republican/loyalist beliefs
Many incorporate religious tolerance into these politically driven murals.
Fresco, Buon Fresco, Secco, Mezo Fresco, and Tempra are all styles of painting murals. They all include both pigment and plaster, but differ in the way the pigment and plaster are applied.
Most of these techinques are dated back to ancient times-and were used by the earliest of civilizations.
The word &#x201C;Fresco&#x201D; comes from the Italian word meaning &#x201C;Fresh&#x201D;. To achieve the Fresco technique, paint is first applied onto plaster, and the plaster is then applied onto the surface.
When painting a Buon Fresco, pigment is mixed with water and then applied directly onto the surface, which is usually plaster. The pigment is absorbed by the wet plaster, and after a number of hours the plaster dries. Through out the drying process a chemical reaction occurs between the pigment and plaster. It fixes the pigment particles in the plaster resulting in a painting that has brilliant colors, and is sure to last centuries.
Paint is applied onto dry plaster
Because the paint is being applied to dry plaster, there must be some type of adhesive between both the paint and plaster, for example glue or oil can be used so that the pigments attach to the surface. Centuries ego, egg was used as the adhesive for Secco murals.
Meezo Fresco murals are painted on nearly dry plaster, its not too firm but not too loose. The Mezzo Fresco was defined by Ignazio Pozzo as &#x201C; firm enough not to take a thumb print&#x201D;, meaning you can press your thumb into it and will begin to take shape, but not the actual print it self. Because the plaster is neither wet or dry, the pigment only partially penetrates into the plaster.
One of the oldest known methods of mural painting. Back in the day Tempra pigments were directly bound to a medium like egg white or yolks. In more recent days, the Tempra pigments are bound to a solvent such as water.
You are probably most familiar with using tembra paint in art class and school projects.
CAM is a method of digitally producing murals on paper, canvas, glass or tiles with the use of computer technology. There is a step by step process to completing a CAM so that the end result looks like it could have been done directly on the surface, in anyone one of the fresco styles. The CAM can also be used to generate graphic designs like advertisements and billboards.
Here are photos of a CAM being applied step by step.
Sheets were printed out and aligned and applied one at a time to create the larger picture. Each sheet was lined up and applied with an adhesive.
Examples of CAM can be found on billboards for movies and advertising for corporations all over the world.
As society evolved, murals morphed into a tool for corporations to manipulate consumers into purchasing products
Tile murals are most commonly used for decorative purposes.
Most of you are probably more familiar with tile backsplash, which you might even have in your own home.
Tile murals are usually found in your kitchen, bathroom, or outside.
Tiles are much more durable to heat,water,and many other elements, which is why they are most commonly found in these settings.
As you can see most tile murals and backsplash are not used to represent a symbol or tell a story, but more to beautify a setting.
Some people even make their own tiles.
Tiles can be made from various types of clay, low fire, or high fire.
For countertops and places that are prone to water, high fire stoneware or porcelain clay is better.
For backsplashes, low fire clay is fine.&#xA0; Low fire clay can be used in areas such as counters and showers if the glaze works well enough, but it takes experimentation to get the right combination of clay and glaze.
Graffiti is any type of public markings that may appear in the forms of simple written words to elaborate wall paintings.
Graffiti art originated in the late 1960's, and has developed all over the world since.
Graffiti isn&#x2019;t really accepted as being art like those works that are found in a gallery or a museum.
The origins of graffiti go back to the beginnings of human, societal living. Graffiti has existed at least since the days of ancient civilizations.
Spray paint, normal paint, and markers and most popularly used.
In most countries, defacing property with graffiti without the property owner's consent is considered vandalism.
Sometimes, artists are commissioned to communicate social and political messages through their graffiti.
Often related to underground music and hip hop/ troubled youth.
The controversies that surround graffiti continue to create disagreement amongst city officials/ law enforcement and graffitists looking to display their work in public locations.
The difference between tagging and graffiti is arguable, but some say it's a clear one: tagging is gang-motivated or meant as vandalism or viewed as too controversial to have public value; while graffiti can be viewed as creative expression.
A lot of the time, murals are created to express a thought, feeling, or idea.
Symbols are used to portray the point that the artist is trying to fulfill.
One of the most popular symbols throughout murals all over the world, are those used to represent religion and depict religious figures.
As a flower which blindly follows the sun, sunflowers have become a symbol of infatuation or foolish passion.
Clocks represent the passing of time
The boat is a means of escape and adventure, transport and exploration. It symbolizes man's desire to dare the unknown.
The butterfly symbolizes the principle of metamorphosis and is the symbol of eternal beauty, the eternal victim of time.
In recent days, most murals are preserved by using a type of sealer,protective coating or varnish.
Any type of tempra or painted mural, should have a protective coating, to ensure that it is long lasting
Most tile or mosaic murals, do not need a sealer because of their durability
Lastly, any type of fresco mural, usually has its sealer mixed in with it, however fresco style murals are much less common than they used to be.
Mural art programs are developed to benefit at risk youth(keep kids out of trouble, give them a way to channel creative energy), used to help beautify sections of urban areas, get the community to pull together, making people feel like they have ownership in something.
Can be used as therapy- a group that works together as a theraputic treatment
One the way to the wiz khalifa concert in West Chester
The artist who produced this murals used the techniques of a very famous muralist. Keith Haring, to inspire their work.
Born May 4, 1958, in Reading, PA.
Attended Ivy School of professional art, Pittsburgh,PA.
One of his biggest mentors was Andy Warhol
Throughout his career, he devoted much of his time to public works like murals-
He produced more than 50 public works between 1982-1989, which usually carried political and social messages.
Diagnosed with AIDS in 1988
Died February 16 1990
Born October 27, 1923
A very well known pop artist
Most well known for advertising and comic book style.
A breakfast place I visited in Oakland
The artist of this mural used a very &#x201C;Warhol&#x201D; like style with his or her painting.
Andy Warhol
Born August 6, 1928
Began his career as an illustrator-moved on to becoming a fine artist
Leading figure in the &#x201C;pop art&#x201D; movement
A lot of his work was viewed as scandelous
Famous for his use of the silk screen process
He was always the &#x201C;odd ball out&#x201D;
Pop Art emerged as a movement in the mid 1950s
Characterized by themes and techniques that were popular in cultural things like advertising, comics, and themes in pop culture.
Pop Art was widely used for bestowing images that are well known to society
Pop Art is also associated with mechanical techniques of replication.
More often than not, Pop Art is seen used for advertising.
Artists would choose product labels and logos as the subject of their work.
Because pop art is my favorite movement in art, i decided to use pop art techniques as the inspiration behind the mural in my room. I&#x2019;ve had a single Warhol print hanging in my room for the past 6 months, on a plain white wall. It is really the only piece of color in my room-and I wanted to exentuate the piece, by creating the mural AROUND it.
I used bright colors and bold patterns. I also used a speech bubble to outline my favorite marilyn quote. The speech bubble is very &#x201C;lishtenstein&#x201D; one of the more influential artists in the pop art movement. (whos work i showed you previously)
I wanted to do something bold, yet refined. Something that was simple, but at the same time complex.
First I drew up my plan, and chose a color palette. I went to home depot, and picked out a quart of each color, a few paint brushes, and some painters tape, and before I knew it, I was painting my first large scale mural:
Painting Murals by Patricia Seligman was one of the more influential sources I used throughout my project, but mostly geared toward my application. In the book, she breaks down the process of creating a mural step by step, from measurement to paint choice and everything in between.
Another very helpful source I used was &#x201C;Murals&#x201D;, and article and lesson plan by Tacy Towbridge on PBS.org. Not only did it help to inform me on the history behind murals, but also devised a lesson plan, a way of teaching the most important concepts to a class, which helped me choose which concepts I was going to present to all of you.
In conclusion, I&#x2019;m really glad that I chose to research murals for my project. Taking on the task of completing a mural was challenging to say the least, but it taught me that I had the skill, ability, and drive to do so (with the help of my friends of course). Most importantly, studying the styles, compositions, and techniques used to create murals-introduced me to new concepts that i plan to put to use in my own artwork, from now on.