4. is a geological formation on the Earth's surface that
erupts and releases magma, ash, and gases. It is
typically a conical or mountain-like structure that
forms when magma from the Earth's mantle reaches
the surface.
What is Volcano?
6. PARTS OF A VOLCANO ash cloud
lava
conduit
crater
magma chamber
flank
7. ASH CLOUD
tiny ash particles and gases blasted from the volcano.
CRATER
circular depression in the ground caused by volcanic activity.
LAVA
red hot molten magma that is expelled from a volcano eruption.
CONDUIT
an underground passage which magma travels through.
8. an eruption from the side of a volcano.
MAGMA CHAMBER
FLANK
the underground space usually deep below the
earth's surface occupied by magma.
10. THE EFFECTS OF THE VOLCANO HAS TWO TYPES
Positive Effect
Negative Effect
which are:
11. 1. ATMOSPHERIC COOLING 2. RAW MATERIALS
Positive Effects Of Volcanoes In Society:
3. WATER PRODUCTION 4. FERTILE LAND
-volcanoes have
actually helped to
keep the world
about 2 to 3
degrees cooler than
it otherwise may be
-the sulfur, copper
and gold are
produced because of
volcanoes
-the amount of water
that has been
produced by volcanoes
has actually given us
the water that we
have on Earth
-is another
advantage of
volcanic activity. It
gives us really
fertile soils, which
are great for
farming and
crops.
12. 1.CAUSES DEATH TO
WILDLIFE
2.CAUSES FOOD
SCARCITY
Negative Effects Of Volcanoes In Society
3.DAMAGES PROPERTIES 4.SUDDEN WEATHER
CHANGES
-volcanic eruptions
kill many animals
and plants
whenever a
volcanic eruption
occurs.
-volcanoes
destroy farmlands
thereby reducing
food production
which results in
food scarcity.
-one of the biggest
effects of
volcanoes.That
damages or destroys
everything on its
part.
-especially the
major ones cause
drastic and
unexpected
changes in the
weather.
14. GEOTHERMAL
ENERGYPLANT?
Whatis
Geothermal power plants use hydrothermal
resources that have both water (hydro) and heat
(thermal). Geothermal power plants require high-
temperature hydrothermal resources—300 degrees
Fahrenheit (°F) to 700° F—that come from either dry
steam wells or from hot water wells. We use these
resources by drilling wells into the earth and then
piping steam or hot water to the surface. The hot
water or steam powers a turbine that generates
electricity. Some geothermal wells are as much as 2
miles deep.
15. IT IS MOSTLY
USED IN THE:
ICELAND PHILIPPINES
KENYA ELSALVADOR
As a renewable resource, geothermal covers a significant share of electricity demand in countries
and meets more than 90% of heating demand in Iceland. There are different geothermal
technologies with distinct levels of maturity.
16. DIRECTDRYSTEAM
FLASHANDDOUBLE
FLASHCYCLE
BINARYCYCLE
01
02
03
3TYPESOF
GEOTHERMAL
POWERPLANTS
Direct Dry Steam. Steam plants use hydrothermal fluids
that are primarily steam. The steam goes directly to a
turbine, which drives a generator that produces
electricity. The steam eliminates the need to burn fossil
fuels to run the turbine.
Fluid is sprayed into a tank held at a much lower
pressure than the fluid, causing some of the fluid to
rapidly vaporize, or "flash." The vapor then drives a
turbine, which drives a generator. If any liquid remains
in the tank, it can be flashed again in a second tank
(double flash) to extract even more energy.
Binary plants specifically use a second working fluid (hence,
"binary") with a much lower boiling point than water. The binary fluid
is operated through a conventional Rankine cycle. Generally, the
working fluid is a hydrocarbon such as isopentane, or a refrigerant.
The geothermal fluid (predominantly water vapor) and working fluid
pass through a heat exchanger, where the working fluid flashes to
vapor and drives the turbines. The cooled water vapor is then
released back into the underground reservoirs, so the cycle can
begin anew. No gas is emitted to the atmosphere, as the binary cycle
is a closed system.
17.
18.
19.
20. IMPORTANCEOFGEOTHERMALENERGY
POWERPLANT
provides a reliable source of energy as compared to other renewable
resources such as wind and solar power, it also allows us to reduce our use
of fossil fuels and can help us to achieve energy self-sufficiency.
1.
capable of providing carbon-free.
2.
provide increased energy security protection from inflation in the cost of
volatile fossil fue
3.
