This document contains notes from biology lessons on classification of living things. It discusses early ideas of spontaneous generation and biogenesis. It also summarizes key topics like the six kingdoms of life, species, binomial nomenclature, dichotomous keys, and the scientific method. Examples and exercises are provided to help explain classification and identify organisms.

1. Ch 1 sect 3 and 4.notebook August 16, 2011
Oct 5­9:01 AM
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2. Ch 1 sect 3 and 4.notebook August 16, 2011
WHERE DOES LIFE COME FROM?
Spontaneous Generation ­ the idea that living things come from non­living things.
This idea is false.
Animation
Redi’s Experiment
Before the 1700’s, people thought that living thing, like flies, were produced by
meat (a non­living thing). Francesco Redi did an experiment to prove this was
NOT true. The maggots (baby flies) were produced by eggs that adult flies laid on
the meat. In the jars that were covered, there were NO maggots on the meat.
Biogenesis ­ says that living things come only from other living things. This is
what we know is true today.
Earth is approximately 4.6 billion years old. Scientists have found fossils of
organisms that are more than 3.5 billion years old.
How did life begin on Earth?
Oparin’s hypothesis ­ explains how the first life possibly formed on Earth
Gases, mixed with electricity, formed
a liquid that contained amino acids,
which are a necessary chemical for
life.
Oct 8­9:45 AM
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3. Ch 1 sect 3 and 4.notebook August 16, 2011
Oct 5­9:02 AM
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4. Ch 1 sect 3 and 4.notebook August 16, 2011
Oct 7­11:44 AM
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5. Ch 1 sect 3 and 4.notebook August 16, 2011
lima bean black bean, navy bean
sunflower seed popcorn seed, kidney bean
Group #1 has white color, Group #2
does not have white color.
seed class. lab
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6. Ch 1 sect 3 and 4.notebook August 16, 2011
seed lab page 2
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7. Ch 1 sect 3 and 4.notebook August 16, 2011
p. 15
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8. Ch 1 sect 3 and 4.notebook August 16, 2011
Notes ­ Chapter 1, Section 4
Classification
A .. Early classification of Living Things
­Aristotle (Greek philosopher) classified
organisms in many ways:
• plants + animals
. animals with and without hair
. with and without blood.
B. classified Today
­Since the 1700's, scientists have
classified by the similar structures
of organisms
­external and internal
flower
structure number of chromosomes
­scientists also use the evolutionary
history of an organism for classifying.
phylogeny­the history of how a
species has changed over time.
NOTES
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9. Ch 1 sect 3 and 4.notebook August 16, 2011
Notes ­ Chapter 1, Section 4
Classification
A .. Early classification of Living Things
­Aristotle (Greek philosopher) classified
organisms in many ways:
• plants + animals
. animals with and without ______
. with and without _______.
B. Classification Today
­Since the 1700's, scientists have
classified by the similar _______
of organisms
­external and internal
flower
structure number of _______________
­scientists also use the evolutionary
history of an organism for classifying.
____________­the history of how a
species has changed over time.
NOTES
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10. Ch 1 sect 3 and 4.notebook August 16, 2011
C. Six Kingdoms
­largest groups for classifying organisms
. Animal
. plant
. Fungi
. Protist
• Eubacteria
• Archeobacteria
D. Species ­ a specific Kind of organism, such as
humans, that can reproduce with other members of
that species.
E. Scientific Names
­all organisms have a 2 part scient.
name that is similar in all languages
and that tells something important
about that species.
ex: humans are homo sapiens
Notes p. 2
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11. Ch 1 sect 3 and 4.notebook August 16, 2011
C. _____ Kingdoms
­largest groups for classifying organisms
. Animal
. plant
. ______
. _______
• _______________
• _______________
D. Species ­ a specific Kind of organism, such as
humans, that can ________with other members of
that species.
E. Scientific Names
­all organisms have a _____ part scientific
name that is similar in all languages
and that tells something important
about that species.
ex: humans are ______ ______
F. ______________ Key
­a group of ___________to help identify
the species of an organism, and
classify the organism.
Notes p. 2
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12. Ch 1 sect 3 and 4.notebook August 16, 2011
F. Dichotomous Key
­a group of questions to help identify
the species of an organism, and
classify the organism.
Oct 14­1:20 PM
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13. Ch 1 sect 3 and 4.notebook August 16, 2011
F. ______________ Key
­a group of ___________to help identify
the species of an organism, and
classify the organism.
Oct 14­1:20 PM
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14. Ch 1 sect 3 and 4.notebook August 16, 2011
BRAIN POP!
p. 16/brain pop
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15. Ch 1 sect 3 and 4.notebook August 16, 2011
p. 17
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16. Ch 1 sect 3 and 4.notebook August 16, 2011
Oct 13­12:27 PM
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17. Ch 1 sect 3 and 4.notebook August 16, 2011
dichot. key
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18. Ch 1 sect 3 and 4.notebook August 16, 2011
Oct 13­12:33 PM
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19. Ch 1 sect 3 and 4.notebook August 16, 2011
Virtual Lab on
Six Kingdoms
Oct 14­2:29 PM
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20. Ch 1 sect 3 and 4.notebook August 16, 2011
notes/vocab
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21. Ch 1 sect 3 and 4.notebook August 16, 2011
Oct 8­8:51 AM
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22. Ch 1 sect 3 and 4.notebook August 16, 2011
Classification Video ­ 20 min.
Classification Clip ­ 5 min.
videos
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23. Ch 1 sect 3 and 4.notebook August 16, 2011
use with 20 min. video
video questions
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24. Ch 1 sect 3 and 4.notebook August 16, 2011
vocab review one
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25. Ch 1 sect 3 and 4.notebook August 16, 2011
organisms
cells
binomial nomenclature
kingdom
law
homeostasis
phylogeny
genus
spontaneous generation
biogenesis
scientific method
hypothesis
variable
vocab review
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26. Ch 1 sect 3 and 4.notebook August 16, 2011
Scientific Method
I. Question (problem)
2. Collect information
Hypothesis (prediction)
4. Experiment (plan + do)
5. Results (analyze data)
6. Conclusion (answer)
Oct 19­1:35 PM
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27. Ch 1 sect 3 and 4.notebook August 16, 2011
variable ­
constant ­
Oct 19­1:49 PM
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28. Ch 1 sect 3 and 4.notebook August 16, 2011
Oct 19­1:30 PM
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29. Ch 1 sect 3 and 4.notebook August 16, 2011
Oct 19­1:31 PM
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30. Ch 1 sect 3 and 4.notebook August 16, 2011
Practice from large textbook, p. 32­33.
Answer all of the questions on page
32, except #'s 2, 4, 6, 9, 10, 20.
On p. 33, answer only #'s 23 and 25
textbook practice
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31. Attachments
The_Basics_of_Biology__How_Living_Things_Are_Classified.asf
Classification_of_Living_Things 5 min clip.asf
online review questions