Following the United Nation’s Climate Summit on the 23 September in New York City, this month’s nuances Newsletter includes an article on Obama’s steps on tacking climate change in the US. This piece discusses Obama’s climate action plan in detail and the implications for the US in the global market.
Furthermore, we are pleased to publish a guest article by the Buildings Performance Institute Europe (BPIE). Here the BPIE reports on building renovation and fuel poverty in Europe.
Today, EPA is all but a wholly owned subsidiary of liberal activist groups. The takeover of EPA and all of its activities
by liberal activists was slow and methodical over the past 30 years. Today, EPA is all but a wholly owned subsidiary of liberal activist groups. Its rules account for about half of the nearly $2 trillion a year cost of complying with all national regulations in the U.S.2 Barack Obama is using it to circumvent Congress to impose regulations on the energy sector that will cause prices to “skyrocket.” It is a rogue agency!
Following the United Nation’s Climate Summit on the 23 September in New York City, this month’s nuances Newsletter includes an article on Obama’s steps on tacking climate change in the US. This piece discusses Obama’s climate action plan in detail and the implications for the US in the global market.
Furthermore, we are pleased to publish a guest article by the Buildings Performance Institute Europe (BPIE). Here the BPIE reports on building renovation and fuel poverty in Europe.
Today, EPA is all but a wholly owned subsidiary of liberal activist groups. The takeover of EPA and all of its activities
by liberal activists was slow and methodical over the past 30 years. Today, EPA is all but a wholly owned subsidiary of liberal activist groups. Its rules account for about half of the nearly $2 trillion a year cost of complying with all national regulations in the U.S.2 Barack Obama is using it to circumvent Congress to impose regulations on the energy sector that will cause prices to “skyrocket.” It is a rogue agency!
The U.S. faces significant and diverse economic risks
from climate change. The signature effects of human-induced
climate change—rising seas, increased damage
from storm surge, more frequent bouts of extreme
heat—all have specific, measurable impacts on our
nation’s current assets and ongoing economic activity.
To date, there has been no comprehensive assessment
of the economic risks our nation faces from the changing
climate. Risky Business: The Economic Risks of Climate
Change to the United States uses a standard risk-assessment
approach to determine the range of potential
consequences for each region of the U.S.—as well as for
selected sectors of the economy—if we continue on our
current path. The Risky Business research focused on the
clearest and most economically significant of these risks:
Damage to coastal property and infrastructure from
rising sea levels and increased storm surge, climate-driven
changes in agricultural production and
energy demand, and the impact of higher temperatures
on labor productivity and public health.
Climate change is one of the biggest challenges that the world faces today. From everrising temperatures to natural catastrophes, climate change is not just limited to a single region or country but has become a phenomenon that has been affecting everyone in the world. It leads the issue to become one of the top complex global policy dilemmas. The impact of global warming and climate change are yet to be fully understood and observed, but the most adverse effects would be witnessed by the generations to come. Scientists working in different fields tend to accuse the gradual increase in temperature, the intensity of natural disasters and their strong impact on climate change (Field et al. 2012). It is not limited to domestic issue; for instance, if any country operationalizes an industrial process that affect the climate, it will have repercussions across the world. Therefore, climate change is undoubtedly a crucial international problem in the context of international relations and must be addressed in urgency. Although scientists and global thinkers attribute this problem to the highly industrialized countries while the lower class of the society will be most affected by its consequential impacts, the states including the developed ones hardly pay serious attention in resolving this international problem.
crown capital management environment reviews - China shows resolve, action ag...margauzophelie
BEIJING, Jun 15 – The State Council, or China’s cabinet, adopted a set of concrete measures to counter air pollution on Friday, demonstrating not only resolve but also action to cope with environmental issues.
China’s leadership has repeatedly promised all-out efforts to conserve resources and curb pollution.
A letter from Dan Fitzsimmons, president of the Joint Landowners Coalition of New York (JLCNY) to NY Gov. Andrew Cuomo expressing profound disappointment that Cuomo intends to let the Nov. 29 date slip by without releasing new drilling rules to allow shale gas drilling in the state.
Behavioural Meetup: Perceptions of and behavioural responses to climate change.Poppy Mulvaney PhD
Our February Behavioural Meetup featured Prof. Lorraine Whitmarsh from the University of Cardiff:
Despite scientific consensus about the reality and severity of climate change, the public appears to show relatively little concern about the issue and to be taking few actions to tackle it. In this talk, we will discuss what influences public perceptions and how they may be shaped by communication. Recent survey and interview data, and findings from psychological experiments will be used to expose the strong ideological and social influences on public attitudes to climate change. Research will also be presented on low-carbon lifestyles, along with insights into fostering behaviour change, including new research to achieve behavioural ‘spillover’ (i.e., when changing one behaviour leads to further behavioural changes).
Behavioural Meetup: "Think global, act local? Public engagement with climate ...Prime Decision
Our spreaker for the February 2016 Behavioural Meetup in Bristol was Prof. Lorraine Whitemarsh from the University of Cardiff.
Despite scientific consensus about the reality and severity of climate change, the public appears to show relatively little concern about the issue and to be taking few actions to tackle it. In this talk, we will discuss what influences public perceptions and how they may be shaped by communication. Recent survey and interview data, and findings from psychological experiments will be used to expose the strong ideological and social influences on public attitudes to climate change. Research will also be presented on low-carbon lifestyles, along with insights into fostering behaviour change, including new research to achieve behavioural ‘spillover’ (i.e., when changing one behaviour leads to further behavioural changes).
A series of seven reports (and an overview) produced by teams of faculty and students at the University of Michigan, part of a two-year project called the Hydraulic Fracturing in Michigan Integrated Assessment. This series of seven reports establishes the current situation and provides an excellent backgrounder for hydraulic fracturing and the process of shale drilling. Michigan has significant quanities of shale gas, particularly in the Utica-Collingwood layer. The reports say that with the low price of natural gas, it will not be economical to mine Michigan's shale gas for some years to come.
A "report" from the anti-drilling group Food & Water Watch. It is a compendium of hackneyed, worn-out, recycled, nonsensical pablum that fracking will fry the earth. It's based on the misconception that using fossil fuels leads to global warming and attempts to equate fracking with so-called "climate change." Essentially, it's fundraising propaganda for FWW.
A government's or other institution's public policy on climate change refers to the measures and rules created to diminish the impacts of climate change. The phrase "climate change" denotes to the overall process by which human actions like burning fossil fuels and deforestation affect the Earth's climatic system over the long term.
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to
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Learning Objectives
In this chapter you will learn to:
•Demonstrate an understanding of the evolution of contemporary U.S. environmental policy.
•Describe key factors affecting the identification and definition of environmental problems.
•Identify various policy actors and policy instruments involved in the environmental policy process.
A Case Study in Problem
Identification: The Evolution of
Federal Environmental Policy
8
the80472_08_c08_259-282.indd 259 11/21/12 12:56 PM
Introduction CHAPTER 8
Thus far, this book has introduced the foundations needed to understand public pol-icy and how policy is made, implemented, and changed within the U.S. political setting. Moving forward, Chapters 8 through 12 will provide case studies of specific
social policy issues at the federal level. Each chapter will begin by exploring how a par-
ticular policy area has evolved in contemporary times and will then use that policy issue
to illustrate a particular stage of the policy process discussed in Chapters 4 through 7.
This chapter will discuss problem identification in terms of environmental policy; Chapter 9
will discuss public agenda setting and the policy-making agenda in terms of education policy;
Chapter 10 will discuss how policy is formulated in terms of welfare policy; Chapter 11 will
discuss policy adoption in terms of health-care policy reform; and Chapter 12 will discuss
policy implementation and evaluation in terms of immigration policy.
The United States provides a good case study in environmental policy making, because
it serves as a role model of success and failure for other nations. Understanding U.S. fed-
eral environmental policy clarifies environmental policy at local, state, and international
levels. Environmental policy making in the United States has evolved over time and
over various presidential administrations. From the early days of the nation, when there
existed a general perception of infinite land and inexhaustible natural resources, to the
later part of the 20th century, which saw an increased desire for sustainable development,
the goals of environmental policy and the surrounding ideological belief systems have
influenced how environmental problems are identified. The approach to environmental
policy making in the United States has been one of command and control. That is to say,
environmental policy has been about setting legal limits and threatening violators with
punishment. The federal government and state governments promote desirable behavior
or discourage undesirable activities using subsidies, taxes, and tax breaks.
In all industrialized countries since the early 1980s, policy agendas have given environ-
mental issues an increasingly prominent place (Heidenheimer, Heclo, & Adams, 1990).
The number of political parties and political leaders representing themselves as “green”
reflects the importance of such issues for policy makers. Environm.
The U.S. faces significant and diverse economic risks
from climate change. The signature effects of human-induced
climate change—rising seas, increased damage
from storm surge, more frequent bouts of extreme
heat—all have specific, measurable impacts on our
nation’s current assets and ongoing economic activity.
To date, there has been no comprehensive assessment
of the economic risks our nation faces from the changing
climate. Risky Business: The Economic Risks of Climate
Change to the United States uses a standard risk-assessment
approach to determine the range of potential
consequences for each region of the U.S.—as well as for
selected sectors of the economy—if we continue on our
current path. The Risky Business research focused on the
clearest and most economically significant of these risks:
Damage to coastal property and infrastructure from
rising sea levels and increased storm surge, climate-driven
changes in agricultural production and
energy demand, and the impact of higher temperatures
on labor productivity and public health.
Climate change is one of the biggest challenges that the world faces today. From everrising temperatures to natural catastrophes, climate change is not just limited to a single region or country but has become a phenomenon that has been affecting everyone in the world. It leads the issue to become one of the top complex global policy dilemmas. The impact of global warming and climate change are yet to be fully understood and observed, but the most adverse effects would be witnessed by the generations to come. Scientists working in different fields tend to accuse the gradual increase in temperature, the intensity of natural disasters and their strong impact on climate change (Field et al. 2012). It is not limited to domestic issue; for instance, if any country operationalizes an industrial process that affect the climate, it will have repercussions across the world. Therefore, climate change is undoubtedly a crucial international problem in the context of international relations and must be addressed in urgency. Although scientists and global thinkers attribute this problem to the highly industrialized countries while the lower class of the society will be most affected by its consequential impacts, the states including the developed ones hardly pay serious attention in resolving this international problem.
crown capital management environment reviews - China shows resolve, action ag...margauzophelie
BEIJING, Jun 15 – The State Council, or China’s cabinet, adopted a set of concrete measures to counter air pollution on Friday, demonstrating not only resolve but also action to cope with environmental issues.
China’s leadership has repeatedly promised all-out efforts to conserve resources and curb pollution.
A letter from Dan Fitzsimmons, president of the Joint Landowners Coalition of New York (JLCNY) to NY Gov. Andrew Cuomo expressing profound disappointment that Cuomo intends to let the Nov. 29 date slip by without releasing new drilling rules to allow shale gas drilling in the state.
Behavioural Meetup: Perceptions of and behavioural responses to climate change.Poppy Mulvaney PhD
Our February Behavioural Meetup featured Prof. Lorraine Whitmarsh from the University of Cardiff:
Despite scientific consensus about the reality and severity of climate change, the public appears to show relatively little concern about the issue and to be taking few actions to tackle it. In this talk, we will discuss what influences public perceptions and how they may be shaped by communication. Recent survey and interview data, and findings from psychological experiments will be used to expose the strong ideological and social influences on public attitudes to climate change. Research will also be presented on low-carbon lifestyles, along with insights into fostering behaviour change, including new research to achieve behavioural ‘spillover’ (i.e., when changing one behaviour leads to further behavioural changes).
Behavioural Meetup: "Think global, act local? Public engagement with climate ...Prime Decision
Our spreaker for the February 2016 Behavioural Meetup in Bristol was Prof. Lorraine Whitemarsh from the University of Cardiff.
Despite scientific consensus about the reality and severity of climate change, the public appears to show relatively little concern about the issue and to be taking few actions to tackle it. In this talk, we will discuss what influences public perceptions and how they may be shaped by communication. Recent survey and interview data, and findings from psychological experiments will be used to expose the strong ideological and social influences on public attitudes to climate change. Research will also be presented on low-carbon lifestyles, along with insights into fostering behaviour change, including new research to achieve behavioural ‘spillover’ (i.e., when changing one behaviour leads to further behavioural changes).
A series of seven reports (and an overview) produced by teams of faculty and students at the University of Michigan, part of a two-year project called the Hydraulic Fracturing in Michigan Integrated Assessment. This series of seven reports establishes the current situation and provides an excellent backgrounder for hydraulic fracturing and the process of shale drilling. Michigan has significant quanities of shale gas, particularly in the Utica-Collingwood layer. The reports say that with the low price of natural gas, it will not be economical to mine Michigan's shale gas for some years to come.
A "report" from the anti-drilling group Food & Water Watch. It is a compendium of hackneyed, worn-out, recycled, nonsensical pablum that fracking will fry the earth. It's based on the misconception that using fossil fuels leads to global warming and attempts to equate fracking with so-called "climate change." Essentially, it's fundraising propaganda for FWW.
A government's or other institution's public policy on climate change refers to the measures and rules created to diminish the impacts of climate change. The phrase "climate change" denotes to the overall process by which human actions like burning fossil fuels and deforestation affect the Earth's climatic system over the long term.
iS
to
ck
ph
ot
o/
Th
in
ks
to
ck
Learning Objectives
In this chapter you will learn to:
•Demonstrate an understanding of the evolution of contemporary U.S. environmental policy.
•Describe key factors affecting the identification and definition of environmental problems.
•Identify various policy actors and policy instruments involved in the environmental policy process.
A Case Study in Problem
Identification: The Evolution of
Federal Environmental Policy
8
the80472_08_c08_259-282.indd 259 11/21/12 12:56 PM
Introduction CHAPTER 8
Thus far, this book has introduced the foundations needed to understand public pol-icy and how policy is made, implemented, and changed within the U.S. political setting. Moving forward, Chapters 8 through 12 will provide case studies of specific
social policy issues at the federal level. Each chapter will begin by exploring how a par-
ticular policy area has evolved in contemporary times and will then use that policy issue
to illustrate a particular stage of the policy process discussed in Chapters 4 through 7.
This chapter will discuss problem identification in terms of environmental policy; Chapter 9
will discuss public agenda setting and the policy-making agenda in terms of education policy;
Chapter 10 will discuss how policy is formulated in terms of welfare policy; Chapter 11 will
discuss policy adoption in terms of health-care policy reform; and Chapter 12 will discuss
policy implementation and evaluation in terms of immigration policy.
The United States provides a good case study in environmental policy making, because
it serves as a role model of success and failure for other nations. Understanding U.S. fed-
eral environmental policy clarifies environmental policy at local, state, and international
levels. Environmental policy making in the United States has evolved over time and
over various presidential administrations. From the early days of the nation, when there
existed a general perception of infinite land and inexhaustible natural resources, to the
later part of the 20th century, which saw an increased desire for sustainable development,
the goals of environmental policy and the surrounding ideological belief systems have
influenced how environmental problems are identified. The approach to environmental
policy making in the United States has been one of command and control. That is to say,
environmental policy has been about setting legal limits and threatening violators with
punishment. The federal government and state governments promote desirable behavior
or discourage undesirable activities using subsidies, taxes, and tax breaks.
In all industrialized countries since the early 1980s, policy agendas have given environ-
mental issues an increasingly prominent place (Heidenheimer, Heclo, & Adams, 1990).
The number of political parties and political leaders representing themselves as “green”
reflects the importance of such issues for policy makers. Environm.
CLEAN ENERGY POLICY1CLEAN ENERGY POLICY 6150150 =.docxmccormicknadine86
CLEAN ENERGY POLICY 1
CLEAN ENERGY POLICY 6
150/150 = A+
Clean Energy Policy
Candice Jacobs
Strayer University
PAD 510: Introduction to Public Policy Analysis
Instructor: Dr. Timothy Smith
Clean Energy Policy
Overview
In the United States, both the federal, state and local governments have the responsibility of protecting the environment. Air protection is one of the critical pillars of environmental protection. The relevant governing bodies are tasked with formulating and implementing various policies, which are meant to ensure that actions from individuals, businesses, and organizations do not lead to environmental degradation. To achieve maximum success, the federal government has given the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) the powers to ensure that there is strict adherence to clean and affordable energy generation. This is aimed at reducing the emission of greenhouse gases, which lead to global warming and other adverse environmental conditions.
Clean Energy Policy
The policy sets certain standards aimed at ensuring that there is reduced emission of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases to the environment. Notably, greenhouse gases lead to global warming –an adverse climatic conditions that have been experienced globally since the beginning of the industrial revolution. The policy was in line with the topics of the United Nations Climate Change Conference held in 2015 where countries pledged to regulate and reduce the emission of the greenhouse gases into the atmosphere (Van de Graaf & van Asselt, 2017).
Brief History of Clean Energy Policy
The approach of combating the widespread issue of global warming was first mentioned by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in June 2014 by the plan termed the Clean Power Plan. The plan was meant to regulate coal-burning power industries, which expand across various states in America. The emissions from these coal-burning plants had the worst effects on climate change leading to drought, disturbing rise in sea level, as well as powerful storms, which occurred regularly. The Obama-led administration supported the Clean Power Plan, whose formulation and implementation was steered by the deliberations of the United Nations Climate Change Conference held in 2015 (Davis, Bollinger & Dijkema, 2016). During the conference, the world’s leading countries in greenhouse gases emission pledged to ensure that the emissions are reduced.
With only China being ahead of the U.S. in terms of emission of greenhouse gases, the latter has revived its efforts to regulate the amount of carbon dioxide emitted to the atmosphere by coal-burning industries spread across the country. President Barrack Obama unveiled the first phase of Clean Energy Policy under the umbrella of Clean Power Plan (CPP) in 2015. In October 2015, the plan was printed in the United States Federal Register. The enactment ...
4 resources/new Aims of Argument.pdf
4 resources/Some Convenient Truths.docx
Some Convenient Truths
Runaway global warming looks all but unstoppable. Maybe that’s because we haven’t really tried to stop it
GREGG EASTERBROOKSEP 1 2006, 12:00 PM ET
http://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2006/09/some-convenient-truths/305090/?single_page=true
If there is now a scientific consensus that global warming must be taken seriously, there is also a related political consensus: that the issue is Gloom City. In An Inconvenient Truth, Al Gore warns of sea levels rising to engulf New York and San Francisco and implies that only wrenching lifestyle sacrifice can save us. The opposing view is just as glum. Even mild restrictions on greenhouse gases could “cripple our economy,” Republican Senator Kit Bond of Missouri said in 2003. Other conservatives suggest that greenhouse-gas rules for Americans would be pointless anyway, owing to increased fossil-fuel use in China and India. When commentators hash this issue out, it’s often a contest to see which side can sound more pessimistic.
Here’s a different way of thinking about the greenhouse effect: that action to prevent runaway global warming may prove cheap, practical, effective, and totally consistent with economic growth. Which makes a body wonder: Why is such environmental optimism absent from American political debate?
Greenhouse gases are an air-pollution problem—and all previous air-pollution problems have been reduced faster and more cheaply than predicted, without economic harm. Some of these problems once seemed scary and intractable, just as greenhouse gases seem today. About forty years ago urban smog was increasing so fast that President Lyndon Johnson warned, “Either we stop poisoning our air or we become a nation [in] gas masks groping our way through dying cities.” During Ronald Reagan’s presidency, emissions of chlorofluorocarbons, or CFCs, threatened to deplete the stratospheric ozone layer. As recently as George H. W. Bush’s administration, acid rain was said to threaten a “new silent spring” of dead Appalachian forests.
But in each case, strong regulations were enacted, and what happened? Since 1970, smog-forming air pollution has declined by a third to a half. Emissions of CFCs have been nearly eliminated, and studies suggest that ozone-layer replenishment is beginning. Acid rain, meanwhile, has declined by a third since 1990, while Appalachian forest health has improved sharply.
Most progress against air pollution has been cheaper than expected. Smog controls on automobiles, for example, were predicted to cost thousands of dollars for each vehicle. Today’s new cars emit less than 2 percent as much smog-forming pollution as the cars of 1970, and the cars are still as affordable today as they were then. Acid-rain control has cost about 10 percent of what was predicted in 1990, when Congress enacted new rules. At that time, opponents said the regulations .
Chamber of Commerce report that asks and answers the important question: What would happen if the hydraulic fracturing for oil and gas was banned in the U.S.? According to research it would lead to the loss of 15 million jobs and an average increase in the price of electricity and gas doubling.
A U.S. Chamber of Commerce report, second in a series, that imagines what the economy would look like today if the shale energy revolution had not taken place. It's not a pretty picture.
Realism as both hurdle and panacea in addressing climate change Bright Mhango
Several efforts have been employed by states to curb climate change – efforts such as the Kyoto Protocol, but so far, emissions are actually increasing and if climate change is real, it is coming to get the earth.
This paper would like to argue that in the current international regime, in which realism dominates, solving climate change is not easy if not impossible unless realism itself is expanded to include climate change as a security issue.
Nice article with some thoughts on the way the present Energy Transition and Climate Mitigation works, or not works.
Great input document for the more useful dialogues and conversations.
April 2021.
WEBSITE:
Zeus Dorado
Aika Manliclic
Rina Tanjangco
WRITERS:
(EXTERNAL ISSUES)
MATHEW ONG: War on Terrorism
CARMELA DEANG: Iraq-Palestinian
LEONARD DE LEON: Global Poverty
VERONICA LOPEZ: UN, Millenium Development Goals
JERRY RIMANDO: Technology Gap between Rich and Poor (Digital Divide)
(INTERNAL ISSUES)
MARK LIM: Environmental Problem
GABRIEL MAGNO: American Market, Culture
ALAN JARANTILLA: Social Welfare: Health and Education
PAOLO LAYUG: Economic Recession on Car Industry and Financing Industry
RON RIVERA: Public Debt
NICCOLE ALVENDIA: US Politics
POSTERS:
Mae Alabanza (Poster Leader)
Ara Dacay
Ruth Sy
Charmy Oliveros
Derick Espinosa
MAGAZINE:
Joanna Tapar (Magazine Leader)
Cheska Abacan
Jacqueline Ang
Joseph Daez
Gian Lucas
POWERPOINT:
Leslie Filart (Powerpoint Leader)
Aina Abesamis
Kit de Vera
Lia Fernandez
Ji Hiyoen Lee
Ram Ng
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
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Date of submission
Obama Administration on Climate Change
Efforts to combat the effects of climate change can be seen in the Obama Administration
as something that the President was passionate about. In his remark about the future, he claimed
that someday our children and their children will ask whether we did enough to secure the safety
and stability of the future of the world through our efforts. There were visible action steps having
been taken by the Obama administration to combat climate change. The first evidence was seen
in the 2013 Climate Action Plan in which Obama’s administration would take up the initiative of
cutting carbon pollution, assist in preparing America for effects of climate change and actively
participate in international climate change mitigation strategies. It is necessary to take action now
for the sake of future generation, which is the thing Obama’s Administration was doing. This
paper is based on the theme that climate change is real, and it has a significant impact on the
world.
Through the Climate Action Plan, the President intends to combat climate change effects
successfully. Cutting back on carbon emissions is meant to trigger business innovations, which
will, in turn, lead to creation of employment as power plants are modernized to produce cleaner
energy. In addition, the dependence on foreign oil will be eliminated. This plan is meant to
reduce energy consumption in average American families, thus cutting back on utility bills. The
Plan consists of several executive actions but is divided into three main pillars, namely Cutting
Carbon Pollution, Preparing the US Citizens for Impacts of Climate Change, and Leading
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International Efforts on Combating Climate Change and Preparing for its Effects. In the process
of these changes, there are different government departments that play a big role in it.
With the seriousness of the Obama government on issues of climate change, US politics
reached a turning point. It was during this period that the chances for implementing forceful
measures to address climate change arose. However, some of the conditions that need to trigger
climate change policies in the US are currently fixed. Although there is a hope, there are a
number of hurdles from different divides including the politics, institutional and domestic
challenges. Some systems were adopted before the climate agreement was reached. Having been
signed earlier means that the hopeful strategy against climate change can only be achieved
through a skilled political management system.
PUBLIC OPINION AND CLIMATE POLITICS
A large number of American citizens have already accepted the impacts of climate change. The
research indicates that more than 70% of the citizens acknowledge that it is a challenge that
exists and needs fixing (Bowman Tom n. p). What is not known, however, is how prepared
citizens are to embrace the discomfort that may come with some of the mitigation steps being
taken to curb the problem. The major divide on climate stand depends on political party
affiliation. The Republicans, for instance, are distrustful of science and mainstream media that
have an impact on climate change. This means that such a group is going to base their
conclusions on personal observations rather than established facts. This plays out a situation in
Congress when a Republican member of Parliament was likely to receive less support from
constituents, even when the representative was convinced of the dangers of climate change. The
public debate on climate change has been a contentious one and not only because of opposition
from well financed skeptics, anti-environment groups or free market proposers (McCright &
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Dulap 499). Such groups with the aim of discrediting them and warranting them untrustworthy
have politicized most research on climate change. These groups worked on undermining the
adoption and implementation of remedies that had the potential of turning around climate change
effects. They achieved this effect through magnification of scientific uncertainties and by
increasing the knowledge gaps, thus creating doubts. The impact of these groups led to public
confusion on whom the people should trust concerning climate information.
Fortunately, there were a number of ways that these challenges had been countered
within the Obama Administration. NGOs related to environment protection as well as leadership
at community, political, and corporate levels were active in sensitizing the public on the correct
scientific information on climate. The American discussion on climate change had been shifting
until it reached a point where it was described as a tipping point. Currently many Americans
believe that global warming is real and is already progressing. The citizens accept the fact that
humanity has a great part to play in these changes with nature.
THE ROLE OF CONGRESS IN THE CLIMATE CHANGE
External factors show that the Congress was likely to adopt the policies that promote aggressive
climate change mitigation, however the trends indicated completely different situation. The
direction that Congress pointed to was contradictive. The US led majority of world
environmental protection measures that Congress adopted in the 1960s and 1970s. During this
period there was an enactment of the law with 22 environmental statues having been enacted.
This is the period within which efforts to conserve endangered species was unanimous and
nonpartisanship was high. The endangered species legislation was passed by Democrats’
majority and signed by Republicans. The partisanship rift on environment came as a backlash to
regulations on environment, which was a target to conservatives, and business minded people
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who observed high economic cost, unacceptable government authority expansion, and property
right infringement. With the history of environmental protection known, President Obama,
despite the struggling economy, proposed several steps that should indicate and emphasize on the
previous commitments. There was no doubt in the administration’s seriousness about combating
global warming as proven by the administration’s ability to put rhetoric frameworks into action
(Foshay & Keith n. p).
The President put the discourse on climate change from being a threat to the economy of
the country to being a vital means of putting US out of the economic crisis. According to his
proposals, the use of renewable energy would increase competitiveness of US in the long run not
to mention the numerous jobs that would result from it. His approach is parallel to the
Roosevelt’s one in the 1930s. Obama’s new green deal was equated to different efforts around
the world in the past. The Obama agenda was a combination of broad policies and concrete
measures. It encompassed objectives on broader economic development objectives. It also
focused on particular goals that reflected the said ambitions. The concrete targets were meant to
meet goals, and lastly, they showed the means to achieve these goals. The proposed environment
and energy agenda was also presented by the energy overview plan, thus indicating that energy
and climate go hand in hand. There were four broad policy issues to be addressed. First was the
provision of short term relief to American families. Second was the elimination of existing
imports from the Middle East. Third was the creation of numerous green jobs, and the last one
was the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions by 2050. To sum it up, the Obama
administration’s climate and energy agenda specified the factors that would have a substantially
positive climate impacts. Outside the US boarders there was a lot of focus on the President and
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the Congress as the important and visible actors of the factors that were engaged in constructing
the US public policy.
EXECUTIVE AND JUDICIAL POWER AND ROLES
There were numerous expectations on President Obama within the US and around the world at
large. The power of the US Presidential office could be the reason behind high expectations
around the globe. However, the Constitution separates powers within an elaborate system that
makes the President to be dependent on the legislature that is the Congress, and judicial that is
the Supreme Court. Due to the facts mentioned, there are three ways that the executive can exert
its power, especially on matters of climate change. First, the executive draws attention and
defines issues on climate. It also formulates the policy proposals. The climate wields a
significant influence on major climate policy changes through the federal bureaucracy. This is a
channel which is often least followed, yet is the one of the most powerful and visible to effect
substantial changes, especially in the short term. Certain agendas are highly influenced by the
executive under the leadership of the President by way of nominations, budget allocation and
executive orders.
The role played by the judiciary on climate change cannot also be taken for granted. The
courts had been engaged by NGOs and the state on several occasions to weigh in on climate
matters. This had been raised in lawsuits by plaintiffs who were world environmental leaders
mostly. In most cases, these lawsuits were intended for compelling federal regulations, taking
common law against emitters and violators of the law and requiring organizations to adhere to
climate impact considerations. In the end, the Obama administration brought into account a
sharper focus on climate changes and the impacts which were likely to result from it. The reality
of climate change and the impacts of it cannot be escaped.
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Works cited
Bowman, Tom. “Summary Report: A Meeting to Assess Public Attitudes About Climate
Change.” National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. George Mason University Center
for Climate Change Communication, 2008.
Broder, John M., and Peter Baker. “Obama’s Order Is Likely to Tighten Auto Standards.”
NY Times, 26 January 2009.
Engel, Kirsten. “Can the Courts Govern the Climate?” Presentation at the National
Conference on Climate 91 Governance at the Miller Center, University of Virginia on December
12 2008.
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McCright, Aaron M., and Riley E. Dunlap. “Challenging Global Warming as a Social
Problem: An Analysis of the Conservative Movement’s Counter-Claims.” Social Problems 47,
2000.