More Related Content Similar to enzymes lecture medicine Pharma Physiology (20) enzymes lecture medicine Pharma Physiology2. LEARNING OUTCOMES
• Discuss the role of enzymes and co-enzymes in
the catalysis of biological reactions.
• Describe enzymatic reactions quantitatively and
mechanistically using kinetic parameters.
• Apply the concepts of enzyme inhibition in the
treatment of clinical conditions.
• Recognize the role of enzymes as crucial points in
metabolic regulation.
11. Catalytic Proteins - Enzymes
Fujii, Junichi, Medical Biochemistry, Chapter 6, 61-74
Copyright © 2019 © 2019, Elsevier Limited. All rights reserved.
12. Catalytic Proteins - Enzymes
Fujii, Junichi, Medical Biochemistry, Chapter 6, 61-74
Copyright © 2019 © 2019, Elsevier Limited. All rights reserved.
13. Class Reaction Enzymes
•1. Oxidoreductases A red + B ox →A ox + B red Dehydrogenases,
peroxidases
•2. Transferases A-B + C→A + B-C Hexokinase, transaminases
•3. Hydrolases A-B + H 2 O→A-H + B-OH Alkaline phosphatase,
trypsin
•4. Lyases (synthases) X-A-B-Y→A = B + XY Fumarase, dehydratases
•5. Isomerases A ⇌ isoA Triose phosphate
isomerase,
phosphoglucomutase
•6. Ligases (synthetases) A + B + ATP→A-B + ADP +
Pi
Pyruvate carboxylase, DNA
ligases
Enzyme classification
14. ENZYMES USED FOR CLINICAL
DIAGNOSIS
Enzyme Tissue source(s) Diagnostic use
AST Heart, skeletal muscle, liver,
brain
Liver disease
ALT Liver Liver disease (e.g.,
hepatitis)
Amylase Pancreas, salivary gland Acute pancreatitis, biliary
obstruction
CK Skeletal muscle, heart, brain Muscular dystrophy,
myocardial infarction
GGT Liver Hepatitis, cirrhosis
LDH Heart, liver, erythrocytes Lymphoma, hepatitis
Lipase Pancreas Acute pancreatitis, biliary
obstruction
Alkaline phosphatase Osteoblast Bone disease, bone tumors
Acid phosphatase (PSA) Prostate Prostate cancer
16. Catalytic Proteins - Enzymes
Fujii, Junichi, Medical Biochemistry, Chapter 6, 61-74
Copyright © 2019 © 2019, Elsevier Limited. All rights reserved.
COVALENT CATALYSIS
(SERINE PROTEASE)
17. Catalytic Proteins - Enzymes
Fujii, Junichi, Medical Biochemistry, Chapter 6, 61-74
Copyright © 2019 © 2019, Elsevier Limited. All rights reserved.
18. Catalytic Proteins - Enzymes
Fujii, Junichi, Medical Biochemistry, Chapter 6, 61-74
Copyright © 2019 © 2019, Elsevier Limited. All rights reserved.
37. Catalytic Proteins - Enzymes
Fujii, Junichi, Medical Biochemistry, Chapter 6, 61-74
Copyright © 2019 © 2019, Elsevier Limited. All rights reserved.
41. Catalytic Proteins - Enzymes
Fujii, Junichi, Medical Biochemistry, Chapter 6, 61-74
Copyright © 2019 © 2019, Elsevier Limited. All rights reserved.
52. Catalytic Proteins - Enzymes
Fujii, Junichi, Medical Biochemistry, Chapter 6, 61-74
Copyright © 2019 © 2019, Elsevier Limited. All rights reserved.
53. Catalytic Proteins - Enzymes
Fujii, Junichi, Medical Biochemistry, Chapter 6, 61-74
Copyright © 2019 © 2019, Elsevier Limited. All rights reserved.
54. Catalytic Proteins - Enzymes
Fujii, Junichi, Medical Biochemistry, Chapter 6, 61-74
Copyright © 2019 © 2019, Elsevier Limited. All rights reserved.
56. Catalytic Proteins - Enzymes
Fujii, Junichi, Medical Biochemistry, Chapter 6, 61-74
Copyright © 2019 © 2019, Elsevier Limited. All rights reserved.
57. Catalytic Proteins - Enzymes
Fujii, Junichi, Medical Biochemistry, Chapter 6, 61-74
Copyright © 2019 © 2019, Elsevier Limited. All rights reserved.