2. Entrepreneur
• Any one who runs business is called an
entrepreneur.
• Entrepreneur is one who understands the
market dynamics and searches for change
respond to it and exploit it as an opportunity.
3. Drucker’s Views on Entrepreneur
“An entrepreneur is the one who always
searches for change, responds to it and
exploits it as an opportunity. Innovation is the
specific tool of entrepreneurs, the means by
which they exploit changes as an opportunity
for a different business or different service”
4. Evolution of Entrepreneurship
• The word „entrepreneur‟ is derived from the
French word „enterprendre‟. It means “to
undertake”.
• Around 1700 A.D. the term was used for
architects and contractor of public works.
5. History of Entrepreneurship in India
The history of entrepreneurship is important worldwide, even in
India.
In the pre colonial times the Indian trade and business was at its
peak. Indians were experts in smelting of metals such as brass and
tin.
Following that period, in around 1600 A.D., India established its
trade relationship with Roman Empire. Gold was pouring from all
sides. Then Portuguese and the English came to the India. They
captured the Indian sea waters and slowly entered the Indian
business. They forced the entrepreneurs to become traders and
they themselves took the role of entrepreneurs. This was the main
reason for the downfall of Indian business in the colonial times
which had its impact in the post-colonial times too. The colonial era
make the Indian ideas and principles rigid.
6. It has the world's twelfth largest economy at
market exchange rates and the fourth largest
in purchasing power at the time of fredom.
Economic reforms since 1991 have
transformed it into one of the fastest growing
economies.
7. Industries and handicrafts in pre-
British India
The popular belief that India had never been
an industrial country is incorrect. It was true
that agriculture was the dominant occupation
of her people but the products of Indian
industries enjoyed a worldwide reputation.
The chief industry spread over the whole
country was textile handicrafts.
8. Decline of Indian handicrafts and
progressive ruralisation.
Before the beginning of Industrial Revolution in
England, the East India Company concentrated on
the export of Indian manufactured goods,
textiles, spices, etc., to Europe where these
articles were in great demand. The Industrial
Revolution reversed the character of India's
foreign trade. Tremendous expansion of
productive capacity of manufactures resulted in
increased demand of raw materials for British
industry and the need to capture foreign markets.
9. Process of industrial-transition in
India.
The process of industrial transition in the British period is
broadly divided into -
industrial growth during the 19th century and
industrial progress during the 20th century.
Only after the First World War some protection was
granted to Indian industries otherwise Indian industry
had to face world competition on its own strength. This
explains the slow growth of industrialisation.
10. Private enterprise and industrial
growth in the 19th century
The outstanding industrial events of the 19th century were-
declining of indigenous industries and
rise of large-scale modern industries.
This change was brought about by private enterprise. The rise
of large-scale industries was slow in the beginning but by the
close of the 19th century, the movement was more rapid.
11. Entrepreneurs who changed the face
of Industrial Interprise
• Late Sir Jamsetji Nusserwanji Tata-
father of India’s Industrial Revolution
• Late J.R.D Tata
• Late Dr. Verghese Kurien
• Late Aditya Vikram Birla
• Late Dhirubhai Hirachand Ambani
• Azim Premji
• Kiran Mazumdar Shaw.
12. CONCLUSION
• Entrepreneurship must be developed and supported so that
there is a proliferation of SMEs in the country.
• An entrepreneur's entry into business does not guarantee
his/her survival.
• Attrition rate for new entrepreneurs is very high in many
countries of the world. While this may be because their
chosen business is inappropriate or a lack of adequate
technical or business expertise but one critical reason is that
environment in which they are forced to operate. Therefore a
key consideration by the government should be to critically
evaluate the exiting macro economic policies and their impact
on entrepreneurship development.
13. Further,
Entrepreneurship as a topic for discussion and analysis was
introduced by the economists of the eighteenth century, and
it continued to attract the interest of economists in the
nineteenth century. In the twentieth century, the word
became synonymous or at least closely linked with free
enterprise and capitalism. Also, it was generally recognized
that entrepreneurs serve as agents of change; provide
creative, innovative ideas for business enterprises; and help
businesses grow and become profitable.
