The #Employer Pay or Play Penalty implementation has been delayed until 2015. The Treasury Department announced today they were listening to employers who had asked for more time to comply with the #Affordable Care Act. #Obamacare
Disability insurance provides income benefits if a person is unable to work due to illness or injury. There are two main types: short-term disability has a maximum benefit period of up to two years, while long-term disability has a maximum period ranging from a few years to life. Coverage can be for inability to work in your own occupation or any occupation. Most plans do not cover disabilities from drug abuse, suicide attempts, war or crimes. Protection features include policies being noncancelable or guaranteed renewable.
The document outlines the various benefits offered by Prime Marketing Inc. to its employees, including health and dental insurance, paid vacations and holidays, disability and life insurance, retirement plans like 401(k) and pension, an employee assistance program, and unemployment insurance. It also mentions potential additional benefits like a company car, flex time, and use of the company jet. The overall goal is to promote happy and satisfied employees.
Income protection insurance provides an income if someone is unable to work due to sickness or injury. It has a fixed term up to retirement age or 70 and premiums cannot increase. The insurance pays income for the duration of illness or incapacity up to a maximum of 70% of earned income. Benefits are paid for short and long term incapacity after a deferred period and the insurance cannot be canceled once accepted by the provider.
Short and long term disability insurance is fully paid by IPMM and provides income replacement for employees unable to work due to accident or illness. Short term disability covers absences from work for medical reasons like illness or injury requiring time off, or for planned medical procedures, while long term disability provides continued income for those unable to work for extended periods. Both short and long term disability aim to financially protect employees' ability to earn income when unable to work.
Guide to Long Term Disability in OntarioPage1content
Long term disability coverage can be tricky to navigate, especially when you're in poor health and trying to adjust to life changes resulting from a catastrophic injury. This guide provides an overview of long term disability coverage and how a lawyer can help you get the benefits you are entitled to.
The document outlines what benefits the employee benefits package from Purple Cow provides for different stakeholders. For employees, it provides a comprehensive benefits package including life, accident, and medical insurance. For HR, it offers an integrated benefits package to help with recruitment and retention, as well as simplified administration. For finance, it controls healthcare costs through pooled risk and various payment options. The CEO benefits from happier employees, HR, and finance.
Understanding the concept of non subscribers in connection with workers’ comp...mosmedicalreview
This document discusses non-subscribers in workers' compensation insurance. Non-subscribers are employers who opt out of mandatory workers' compensation programs in some states like Texas. They must instead provide alternate injury benefits to employees. Some reasons employers choose this option are that it allows more control over benefits and providers while potentially being less expensive. Non-subscribers have reporting requirements to state agencies and face liability risks if employees sue, so many purchase alternative non-subscriber insurance policies.
Disability insurance provides income benefits if a person is unable to work due to illness or injury. There are two main types: short-term disability has a maximum benefit period of up to two years, while long-term disability has a maximum period ranging from a few years to life. Coverage can be for inability to work in your own occupation or any occupation. Most plans do not cover disabilities from drug abuse, suicide attempts, war or crimes. Protection features include policies being noncancelable or guaranteed renewable.
The document outlines the various benefits offered by Prime Marketing Inc. to its employees, including health and dental insurance, paid vacations and holidays, disability and life insurance, retirement plans like 401(k) and pension, an employee assistance program, and unemployment insurance. It also mentions potential additional benefits like a company car, flex time, and use of the company jet. The overall goal is to promote happy and satisfied employees.
Income protection insurance provides an income if someone is unable to work due to sickness or injury. It has a fixed term up to retirement age or 70 and premiums cannot increase. The insurance pays income for the duration of illness or incapacity up to a maximum of 70% of earned income. Benefits are paid for short and long term incapacity after a deferred period and the insurance cannot be canceled once accepted by the provider.
Short and long term disability insurance is fully paid by IPMM and provides income replacement for employees unable to work due to accident or illness. Short term disability covers absences from work for medical reasons like illness or injury requiring time off, or for planned medical procedures, while long term disability provides continued income for those unable to work for extended periods. Both short and long term disability aim to financially protect employees' ability to earn income when unable to work.
Guide to Long Term Disability in OntarioPage1content
Long term disability coverage can be tricky to navigate, especially when you're in poor health and trying to adjust to life changes resulting from a catastrophic injury. This guide provides an overview of long term disability coverage and how a lawyer can help you get the benefits you are entitled to.
The document outlines what benefits the employee benefits package from Purple Cow provides for different stakeholders. For employees, it provides a comprehensive benefits package including life, accident, and medical insurance. For HR, it offers an integrated benefits package to help with recruitment and retention, as well as simplified administration. For finance, it controls healthcare costs through pooled risk and various payment options. The CEO benefits from happier employees, HR, and finance.
Understanding the concept of non subscribers in connection with workers’ comp...mosmedicalreview
This document discusses non-subscribers in workers' compensation insurance. Non-subscribers are employers who opt out of mandatory workers' compensation programs in some states like Texas. They must instead provide alternate injury benefits to employees. Some reasons employers choose this option are that it allows more control over benefits and providers while potentially being less expensive. Non-subscribers have reporting requirements to state agencies and face liability risks if employees sue, so many purchase alternative non-subscriber insurance policies.
IRS Delays Key Provision Of The Affordable Care ActJennifer Brown
The document discusses how the IRS has announced a one-year delay of the employer mandate portion of the Affordable Care Act until 2015. This includes delaying the requirements for employers to offer sufficient and affordable health coverage to full-time employees as well as any associated reporting requirements. However, many other ACA provisions remain on schedule for 2014 such as the establishment of public health insurance exchanges and premium subsidies. Employers are advised to continue preparing for full ACA compliance and that this delay provides more time to address requirements like tracking variable hour employees and responding to future guidance.
Healthcare Reform Proving To Be A Calendar Challenge
Healthcare reform is a significant administrative, clinical, financial and technical undertaking. As the nation moves forward to implement the mandates, the critical resource of time is proving harder to find and pay for. As 2013 comes to an end, the changes expected for 2014 will become more apparent and as we move through the year into 2015, more changes and challenges can be expected.
www.healthcaremedicalpharmaceuticaldirectory.com
John G. Baresky
https://www.linkedin.com/in/johngbaresky
#baresky
The IRS issued a notice confirming its delay of the employer pay-or-play excise tax until 2014 and provided additional clarification. With the delay, employers have time to focus on other Affordable Care Act compliance issues that were previously secondary to pay-or-play, such as updated HIPAA privacy policies and notices of exchange availability. Employers can also expect inquiries from employees and health insurance exchanges regarding their coverage to determine exchange subsidy eligibility. Willis will continue monitoring all provisions affecting employers and provide updates.
The Latest and Greatest in HCR Developmentsbenefitexpress
The document discusses several topics related to health care reform requirements for employers including: transitional rules for applying the employer mandate in 2015 which provide more lenient standards; new waiting period rules limiting waiting periods to 90 days; reporting requirements for 2015 which are less stringent but will become more robust in 2016; and requirements for obtaining Health Plan Identifiers (HPIDs) to facilitate electronic transactions which large plans must comply with by November 2014.
Health Reform Bulletin – IRS PronouncementsCBIZ, Inc.
Information on 1) Cafeteria Plan Status Change Events, 2) Employment Status Change Proposals to Employer Shared Responsibility Rules, 3) Increase in PCOR Fees, and Final Excepted Benefit Regulations. Recently, the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) released three pronouncements relating to the Affordable Care Act (ACA). In addition, final regulations have been issued relating to certain excepted health benefits.
This document summarizes reporting requirements for employers under the Affordable Care Act for 2015. It outlines simplified reporting methods available for employers that offer affordable coverage to a large percentage of employees. It also discusses the forms used for reporting and transition relief available for 2015 filings, including a good faith standard for penalties.
This document provides an overview and update on upcoming health care reform provisions taking effect in 2014. Key points include:
- Beginning in 2014, employer-sponsored plans must limit waiting periods to 90 days and annual out-of-pocket costs. Essential health benefits must also be covered.
- Health insurance exchanges will be available for individuals and small businesses to purchase coverage. Employers with 50+ employees face potential penalties if not offering affordable coverage.
- Annual limits and preexisting condition exclusions will be prohibited. Premium subsidies and an individual mandate also take effect. Small business tax credits are available.
- Wellness program incentives are increasing. Expanded Medicaid coverage was ruled unconstitutional but other provisions remain on track for 2014 implementation
Accountable Care Act Employer Compliance.sharedoc.Roberta Winter
This document provides a roadmap for employers to comply with the employer shared responsibility provisions of the Affordable Care Act (ACA). It explains that employers with 50 or more full-time equivalent employees must offer affordable health insurance that provides minimum value to full-time employees and their dependents or pay a penalty. It outlines the process for determining the number of eligible employees and calculating any penalties owed based on two tests: a W-2 wage test or look-back measurement method. The document also provides guidance on the criteria a health plan must meet to avoid penalties, including coverage and benefit thresholds.
"Should I provide health insurance for my employees?" The process for determining the cost of providing health care benefits and the impact of health benefits an retaining and attracting best-in-class employees.
The document provides an end-of-year wrap-up and reminders relating to Affordable Care Act (ACA) compliance in 2015. Key updates include: the Supreme Court agreeing to hear a case on premium tax credits; guidance clarifying that "skinny plans" must meet minimum value standards; and FAQs further prohibiting cash incentives for individual coverage. It also reminds readers of ACA provisions taking effect in 2015, such as out-of-pocket limits and the employer shared responsibility requirement.
The document announces open enrollment periods for Prestige Care employees to enroll or make changes to their benefits, including:
- Prestige Care's open enrollment period from December 1-14, 2014 for benefits effective January 1, 2015.
- The Health Insurance Marketplace open enrollment period from November 15, 2014 through February 15, 2015.
- The Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP) which employees can apply for at any time.
- Details are provided on benefit plan changes for 2015, including the addition of two medical plan choices and enhanced dental and vision benefits.
The U.S. Department of Labor provided temporary guidance for employers on distributing notices about health insurance exchange options to employees. The guidance included model notices for employers that do or do not offer health plans. Employers must provide the notice to all employees by October 1, 2013 and to new employees within 14 days. The notice informs employees about purchasing qualified health plans through insurance exchanges with possible premium tax credits.
Health Reform Bulletin: Implementation Guidance & ACA UpdatesCBIZ MHM, LLC
1) Distribution of Marketplace Notice to Employees; 2) 90-day Waiting Period; 3) Individual Shared Responsibility- Final Regulations; 4) Employer Appeals in Marketplace Eligibility Determinations; 5) Small Business Tax Credit; 6) Preventive Care - Health Saving Accounts; and 7) Internal Claims, Appeals and External Review: Providing Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate Notices
Are you ready for the upcoming 2014 provisions of the new healthcare reform act? Do you know what the implications are to you as a small or midsize company?
Our webinar will help you become familiar with upcoming requirements under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act.
Expect to learn the following and more:
What is the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act
How does an organization determine their 2014 cost to comply?
What should organizations be doing now to prepare?
Dan Exceen - Acsa superintendent jan 31 2014 final presentationCASupts
This document outlines steps that school districts need to take to comply with provisions of the Affordable Care Act (ACA). It discusses conducting an actuarial value assessment and affordability report to ensure plans meet minimum coverage requirements. Districts must track hours for variable hour employees over a measurement period and then apply eligibility during a subsequent stability period. The document provides timelines of key ACA provisions and penalties for employers if they do not provide adequate coverage to full-time employees. It aims to help districts strategically address ACA mandates.
Legislative Alert: 2013 Changes to Medicare and MedicaidBenefitMall
The document summarizes changes to Medicare and Medicaid that took effect on January 1, 2013 as mandated by the Affordable Care Act. Key changes include an increase in Medicare tax for high-income individuals, elimination of tax deductions for the retiree drug subsidy, increased Medicaid payments for primary care physicians, and authorization of bundled payments under Medicare. It provides questions and answers about these changes and their potential impact.
2014 will be a year to remember for self-funded health plans. On top of current responsibilities, add complying with the Affordable Care Act (ACA or “Obamacare”). 2014 is the one-year ACA “extension.” By the end of 2014, group health plans must be compliant with the full range of ACA requirements and be ready to stay compliant until at least 2017 and probably beyond.
This webinar is the first in a series of monthly webinars on ACA compliance that Health Decisions is offering in 2014. We present an approach to ACA compliance that uses and complements current plan management responsibilities. Each month will cover an ACA compliance topic relevant to that time of year.
This webinar provides an overview of 2014 and the topics we will cover each month. It offers an ACA Plan for 2014 that attendees can adopt or adapt.
ACA compliance has its challenges:
• How to pass compliance tests and avoid penalties?
• How to combine employment facts with plan enrollment data for new IRS reporting?
• How to defuse the ticking time bomb of cost sharing changes?
Having an ACA Plan makes these challenges manageable.
ACA compliance also creates opportunities. Having an ACA Plan makes it possible to comply while: minimizing liabilities, maximizing savings, enhancing plan control, and improving employee relations.
Please visit www.healthdecisions.com to register for upcoming webinars and to view past webinars (in Si's Library).
Bill King's Vistage Presentation Healthcare ReformDouglasMcQueen
The document provides an overview of how the Affordable Care Act affects health plans and employers. It discusses provisions for grandfathered and new plans, including required coverage of preventive care and adult children up to age 26. It also outlines new regulations and taxes such as prohibitions on lifetime limits, requirements to offer coverage to full-time employees or pay penalties, and a 40% tax on high-cost plans.
How to Control Your Asthma Tips by gokuldas hospital.Gokuldas Hospital
Respiratory issues like asthma are the most sensitive issue that is affecting millions worldwide. It hampers the daily activities leaving the body tired and breathless.
The key to a good grip on asthma is proper knowledge and management strategies. Understanding the patient-specific symptoms and carving out an effective treatment likewise is the best way to keep asthma under control.
More Related Content
Similar to Employer Pay or Play Penalty Delayed to 2015
IRS Delays Key Provision Of The Affordable Care ActJennifer Brown
The document discusses how the IRS has announced a one-year delay of the employer mandate portion of the Affordable Care Act until 2015. This includes delaying the requirements for employers to offer sufficient and affordable health coverage to full-time employees as well as any associated reporting requirements. However, many other ACA provisions remain on schedule for 2014 such as the establishment of public health insurance exchanges and premium subsidies. Employers are advised to continue preparing for full ACA compliance and that this delay provides more time to address requirements like tracking variable hour employees and responding to future guidance.
Healthcare Reform Proving To Be A Calendar Challenge
Healthcare reform is a significant administrative, clinical, financial and technical undertaking. As the nation moves forward to implement the mandates, the critical resource of time is proving harder to find and pay for. As 2013 comes to an end, the changes expected for 2014 will become more apparent and as we move through the year into 2015, more changes and challenges can be expected.
www.healthcaremedicalpharmaceuticaldirectory.com
John G. Baresky
https://www.linkedin.com/in/johngbaresky
#baresky
The IRS issued a notice confirming its delay of the employer pay-or-play excise tax until 2014 and provided additional clarification. With the delay, employers have time to focus on other Affordable Care Act compliance issues that were previously secondary to pay-or-play, such as updated HIPAA privacy policies and notices of exchange availability. Employers can also expect inquiries from employees and health insurance exchanges regarding their coverage to determine exchange subsidy eligibility. Willis will continue monitoring all provisions affecting employers and provide updates.
The Latest and Greatest in HCR Developmentsbenefitexpress
The document discusses several topics related to health care reform requirements for employers including: transitional rules for applying the employer mandate in 2015 which provide more lenient standards; new waiting period rules limiting waiting periods to 90 days; reporting requirements for 2015 which are less stringent but will become more robust in 2016; and requirements for obtaining Health Plan Identifiers (HPIDs) to facilitate electronic transactions which large plans must comply with by November 2014.
Health Reform Bulletin – IRS PronouncementsCBIZ, Inc.
Information on 1) Cafeteria Plan Status Change Events, 2) Employment Status Change Proposals to Employer Shared Responsibility Rules, 3) Increase in PCOR Fees, and Final Excepted Benefit Regulations. Recently, the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) released three pronouncements relating to the Affordable Care Act (ACA). In addition, final regulations have been issued relating to certain excepted health benefits.
This document summarizes reporting requirements for employers under the Affordable Care Act for 2015. It outlines simplified reporting methods available for employers that offer affordable coverage to a large percentage of employees. It also discusses the forms used for reporting and transition relief available for 2015 filings, including a good faith standard for penalties.
This document provides an overview and update on upcoming health care reform provisions taking effect in 2014. Key points include:
- Beginning in 2014, employer-sponsored plans must limit waiting periods to 90 days and annual out-of-pocket costs. Essential health benefits must also be covered.
- Health insurance exchanges will be available for individuals and small businesses to purchase coverage. Employers with 50+ employees face potential penalties if not offering affordable coverage.
- Annual limits and preexisting condition exclusions will be prohibited. Premium subsidies and an individual mandate also take effect. Small business tax credits are available.
- Wellness program incentives are increasing. Expanded Medicaid coverage was ruled unconstitutional but other provisions remain on track for 2014 implementation
Accountable Care Act Employer Compliance.sharedoc.Roberta Winter
This document provides a roadmap for employers to comply with the employer shared responsibility provisions of the Affordable Care Act (ACA). It explains that employers with 50 or more full-time equivalent employees must offer affordable health insurance that provides minimum value to full-time employees and their dependents or pay a penalty. It outlines the process for determining the number of eligible employees and calculating any penalties owed based on two tests: a W-2 wage test or look-back measurement method. The document also provides guidance on the criteria a health plan must meet to avoid penalties, including coverage and benefit thresholds.
"Should I provide health insurance for my employees?" The process for determining the cost of providing health care benefits and the impact of health benefits an retaining and attracting best-in-class employees.
The document provides an end-of-year wrap-up and reminders relating to Affordable Care Act (ACA) compliance in 2015. Key updates include: the Supreme Court agreeing to hear a case on premium tax credits; guidance clarifying that "skinny plans" must meet minimum value standards; and FAQs further prohibiting cash incentives for individual coverage. It also reminds readers of ACA provisions taking effect in 2015, such as out-of-pocket limits and the employer shared responsibility requirement.
The document announces open enrollment periods for Prestige Care employees to enroll or make changes to their benefits, including:
- Prestige Care's open enrollment period from December 1-14, 2014 for benefits effective January 1, 2015.
- The Health Insurance Marketplace open enrollment period from November 15, 2014 through February 15, 2015.
- The Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP) which employees can apply for at any time.
- Details are provided on benefit plan changes for 2015, including the addition of two medical plan choices and enhanced dental and vision benefits.
The U.S. Department of Labor provided temporary guidance for employers on distributing notices about health insurance exchange options to employees. The guidance included model notices for employers that do or do not offer health plans. Employers must provide the notice to all employees by October 1, 2013 and to new employees within 14 days. The notice informs employees about purchasing qualified health plans through insurance exchanges with possible premium tax credits.
Health Reform Bulletin: Implementation Guidance & ACA UpdatesCBIZ MHM, LLC
1) Distribution of Marketplace Notice to Employees; 2) 90-day Waiting Period; 3) Individual Shared Responsibility- Final Regulations; 4) Employer Appeals in Marketplace Eligibility Determinations; 5) Small Business Tax Credit; 6) Preventive Care - Health Saving Accounts; and 7) Internal Claims, Appeals and External Review: Providing Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate Notices
Are you ready for the upcoming 2014 provisions of the new healthcare reform act? Do you know what the implications are to you as a small or midsize company?
Our webinar will help you become familiar with upcoming requirements under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act.
Expect to learn the following and more:
What is the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act
How does an organization determine their 2014 cost to comply?
What should organizations be doing now to prepare?
Dan Exceen - Acsa superintendent jan 31 2014 final presentationCASupts
This document outlines steps that school districts need to take to comply with provisions of the Affordable Care Act (ACA). It discusses conducting an actuarial value assessment and affordability report to ensure plans meet minimum coverage requirements. Districts must track hours for variable hour employees over a measurement period and then apply eligibility during a subsequent stability period. The document provides timelines of key ACA provisions and penalties for employers if they do not provide adequate coverage to full-time employees. It aims to help districts strategically address ACA mandates.
Legislative Alert: 2013 Changes to Medicare and MedicaidBenefitMall
The document summarizes changes to Medicare and Medicaid that took effect on January 1, 2013 as mandated by the Affordable Care Act. Key changes include an increase in Medicare tax for high-income individuals, elimination of tax deductions for the retiree drug subsidy, increased Medicaid payments for primary care physicians, and authorization of bundled payments under Medicare. It provides questions and answers about these changes and their potential impact.
2014 will be a year to remember for self-funded health plans. On top of current responsibilities, add complying with the Affordable Care Act (ACA or “Obamacare”). 2014 is the one-year ACA “extension.” By the end of 2014, group health plans must be compliant with the full range of ACA requirements and be ready to stay compliant until at least 2017 and probably beyond.
This webinar is the first in a series of monthly webinars on ACA compliance that Health Decisions is offering in 2014. We present an approach to ACA compliance that uses and complements current plan management responsibilities. Each month will cover an ACA compliance topic relevant to that time of year.
This webinar provides an overview of 2014 and the topics we will cover each month. It offers an ACA Plan for 2014 that attendees can adopt or adapt.
ACA compliance has its challenges:
• How to pass compliance tests and avoid penalties?
• How to combine employment facts with plan enrollment data for new IRS reporting?
• How to defuse the ticking time bomb of cost sharing changes?
Having an ACA Plan makes these challenges manageable.
ACA compliance also creates opportunities. Having an ACA Plan makes it possible to comply while: minimizing liabilities, maximizing savings, enhancing plan control, and improving employee relations.
Please visit www.healthdecisions.com to register for upcoming webinars and to view past webinars (in Si's Library).
Bill King's Vistage Presentation Healthcare ReformDouglasMcQueen
The document provides an overview of how the Affordable Care Act affects health plans and employers. It discusses provisions for grandfathered and new plans, including required coverage of preventive care and adult children up to age 26. It also outlines new regulations and taxes such as prohibitions on lifetime limits, requirements to offer coverage to full-time employees or pay penalties, and a 40% tax on high-cost plans.
Similar to Employer Pay or Play Penalty Delayed to 2015 (20)
How to Control Your Asthma Tips by gokuldas hospital.Gokuldas Hospital
Respiratory issues like asthma are the most sensitive issue that is affecting millions worldwide. It hampers the daily activities leaving the body tired and breathless.
The key to a good grip on asthma is proper knowledge and management strategies. Understanding the patient-specific symptoms and carving out an effective treatment likewise is the best way to keep asthma under control.
The skin is the largest organ and its health plays a vital role among the other sense organs. The skin concerns like acne breakout, psoriasis, or anything similar along the lines, finding a qualified and experienced dermatologist becomes paramount.
Summer is a time for fun in the sun, but the heat and humidity can also wreak havoc on your skin. From itchy rashes to unwanted pigmentation, several skin conditions become more prevalent during these warmer months.
Are you looking for a long-lasting solution to your missing tooth?
Dental implants are the most common type of method for replacing the missing tooth. Unlike dentures or bridges, implants are surgically placed in the jawbone. In layman’s terms, a dental implant is similar to the natural root of the tooth. It offers a stable foundation for the artificial tooth giving it the look, feel, and function similar to the natural tooth.
“Psychiatry and the Humanities”: An Innovative Course at the University of Mo...Université de Montréal
“Psychiatry and the Humanities”: An Innovative Course at the University of Montreal Expanding the medical model to embrace the humanities. Link: https://www.psychiatrictimes.com/view/-psychiatry-and-the-humanities-an-innovative-course-at-the-university-of-montreal
Travel Clinic Cardiff: Health Advice for International TravelersNX Healthcare
Travel Clinic Cardiff offers comprehensive travel health services, including vaccinations, travel advice, and preventive care for international travelers. Our expert team ensures you are well-prepared and protected for your journey, providing personalized consultations tailored to your destination. Conveniently located in Cardiff, we help you travel with confidence and peace of mind. Visit us: www.nxhealthcare.co.uk
Breast cancer: Post menopausal endocrine therapyDr. Sumit KUMAR
Breast cancer in postmenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive (HR+) status is a common and complex condition that necessitates a multifaceted approach to management. HR+ breast cancer means that the cancer cells grow in response to hormones such as estrogen and progesterone. This subtype is prevalent among postmenopausal women and typically exhibits a more indolent course compared to other forms of breast cancer, which allows for a variety of treatment options.
Diagnosis and Staging
The diagnosis of HR+ breast cancer begins with clinical evaluation, imaging, and biopsy. Imaging modalities such as mammography, ultrasound, and MRI help in assessing the extent of the disease. Histopathological examination and immunohistochemical staining of the biopsy sample confirm the diagnosis and hormone receptor status by identifying the presence of estrogen receptors (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR) on the tumor cells.
Staging involves determining the size of the tumor (T), the involvement of regional lymph nodes (N), and the presence of distant metastasis (M). The American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system is commonly used. Accurate staging is critical as it guides treatment decisions.
Treatment Options
Endocrine Therapy
Endocrine therapy is the cornerstone of treatment for HR+ breast cancer in postmenopausal women. The primary goal is to reduce the levels of estrogen or block its effects on cancer cells. Commonly used agents include:
Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs): Tamoxifen is a SERM that binds to estrogen receptors, blocking estrogen from stimulating breast cancer cells. It is effective but may have side effects such as increased risk of endometrial cancer and thromboembolic events.
Aromatase Inhibitors (AIs): These drugs, including anastrozole, letrozole, and exemestane, lower estrogen levels by inhibiting the aromatase enzyme, which converts androgens to estrogen in peripheral tissues. AIs are generally preferred in postmenopausal women due to their efficacy and safety profile compared to tamoxifen.
Selective Estrogen Receptor Downregulators (SERDs): Fulvestrant is a SERD that degrades estrogen receptors and is used in cases where resistance to other endocrine therapies develops.
Combination Therapies
Combining endocrine therapy with other treatments enhances efficacy. Examples include:
Endocrine Therapy with CDK4/6 Inhibitors: Palbociclib, ribociclib, and abemaciclib are CDK4/6 inhibitors that, when combined with endocrine therapy, significantly improve progression-free survival in advanced HR+ breast cancer.
Endocrine Therapy with mTOR Inhibitors: Everolimus, an mTOR inhibitor, can be added to endocrine therapy for patients who have developed resistance to aromatase inhibitors.
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy is generally reserved for patients with high-risk features, such as large tumor size, high-grade histology, or extensive lymph node involvement. Regimens often include anthracyclines and taxanes.
Giloy in Ayurveda - Classical Categorization and SynonymsPlanet Ayurveda
Giloy, also known as Guduchi or Amrita in classical Ayurvedic texts, is a revered herb renowned for its myriad health benefits. It is categorized as a Rasayana, meaning it has rejuvenating properties that enhance vitality and longevity. Giloy is celebrated for its ability to boost the immune system, detoxify the body, and promote overall wellness. Its anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and antioxidant properties make it a staple in managing conditions like fever, diabetes, and stress. The versatility and efficacy of Giloy in supporting health naturally highlight its importance in Ayurveda. At Planet Ayurveda, we provide a comprehensive range of health services and 100% herbal supplements that harness the power of natural ingredients like Giloy. Our products are globally available and affordable, ensuring that everyone can benefit from the ancient wisdom of Ayurveda. If you or your loved ones are dealing with health issues, contact Planet Ayurveda at 01725214040 to book an online video consultation with our professional doctors. Let us help you achieve optimal health and wellness naturally.
Osvaldo Bernardo Muchanga-GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS AND GASTRITIS-2024.pdfOsvaldo Bernardo Muchanga
GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS AND GASTRITIS
Osvaldo Bernardo Muchanga
Gastrointestinal Infections
GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS result from the ingestion of pathogens that cause infections at the level of this tract, generally being transmitted by food, water and hands contaminated by microorganisms such as E. coli, Salmonella, Shigella, Vibrio cholerae, Campylobacter, Staphylococcus, Rotavirus among others that are generally contained in feces, thus configuring a FECAL-ORAL type of transmission.
Among the factors that lead to the occurrence of gastrointestinal infections are the hygienic and sanitary deficiencies that characterize our markets and other places where raw or cooked food is sold, poor environmental sanitation in communities, deficiencies in water treatment (or in the process of its plumbing), risky hygienic-sanitary habits (not washing hands after major and/or minor needs), among others.
These are generally consequences (signs and symptoms) resulting from gastrointestinal infections: diarrhea, vomiting, fever and malaise, among others.
The treatment consists of replacing lost liquids and electrolytes (drinking drinking water and other recommended liquids, including consumption of juicy fruits such as papayas, apples, pears, among others that contain water in their composition).
To prevent this, it is necessary to promote health education, improve the hygienic-sanitary conditions of markets and communities in general as a way of promoting, preserving and prolonging PUBLIC HEALTH.
Gastritis and Gastric Health
Gastric Health is one of the most relevant concerns in human health, with gastrointestinal infections being among the main illnesses that affect humans.
Among gastric problems, we have GASTRITIS AND GASTRIC ULCERS as the main public health problems. Gastritis and gastric ulcers normally result from inflammation and corrosion of the walls of the stomach (gastric mucosa) and are generally associated (caused) by the bacterium Helicobacter pylor, which, according to the literature, this bacterium settles on these walls (of the stomach) and starts to release urease that ends up altering the normal pH of the stomach (acid), which leads to inflammation and corrosion of the mucous membranes and consequent gastritis or ulcers, respectively.
In addition to bacterial infections, gastritis and gastric ulcers are associated with several factors, with emphasis on prolonged fasting, chemical substances including drugs, alcohol, foods with strong seasonings including chilli, which ends up causing inflammation of the stomach walls and/or corrosion. of the same, resulting in the appearance of wounds and consequent gastritis or ulcers, respectively.
Among patients with gastritis and/or ulcers, one of the dilemmas is associated with the foods to consume in order to minimize the sensation of pain and discomfort.
5-hydroxytryptamine or 5-HT or Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that serves a range of roles in the human body. It is sometimes referred to as the happy chemical since it promotes overall well-being and happiness.
It is mostly found in the brain, intestines, and blood platelets.
5-HT is utilised to transport messages between nerve cells, is known to be involved in smooth muscle contraction, and adds to overall well-being and pleasure, among other benefits. 5-HT regulates the body's sleep-wake cycles and internal clock by acting as a precursor to melatonin.
It is hypothesised to regulate hunger, emotions, motor, cognitive, and autonomic processes.
1. Employer Pay or Play Penalty
Delay
January 1, 2015
Individual Mandate Penalty Still
April 1, 2014
New Delay Announced under the
Affordable Care Act
2. Employers will have more time
to
Offer or not offer health
coverage
Select Insurance
Plan(s)
Develop pricing and
implementation
strategy
Test to minimize
possible future penalty
under Pay or Play
3. No Delay for Employers
Health Plans must still meet all other requirements such as
90 day waiting periods and no pre-existing condition clauses
Notification requirements such as Summary Benefits
Coverage (SBC) and Exchange Availability Notice
4. Honor System for Individuals
IRS won’t be able to
determine if the employee
has affordable and
minimum value health care
coverage
Indications are that individuals
will also self-attest to income for
2014 to get subsidy and
verification may be difficult
5. Lack of Reporting from Employer and Individual Self-
Reporting May lead to some individuals getting a
premium tax credit when they are not eligible
6. Impact to Individuals
Could lead to a tax liability
when they file their taxes at
the end of 2014 and/or
disenrollment from the plan
they have selected in 2015
7. Impact to Employers
State Exchanges may
want to verify employer
coverage directly instead
of accepting individuals’
word
Employees will want to
know what to do
Employees on
exchange in 2014
could trigger
$3,000 penalty in
2015 if they
remain in the
exchange.
8. What can an Employer
do to reduce the
confusion?
10. Consider Using Exchange Notice Due on October 1, 2014
We will not
offer health
insurance in
2014
We will offer
affordable
and minimum
value health
insurance in
2014
To High-Light type of Health Insurance that will be available in 2014
11. The Best News for Employers
is there will be more time to
get it right without a penalty
12. If you found this information valuable,
then please pass it on!
Thank you!
www.bclsystems.net