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400 Pequeñas Dosis de Ciencia
Este documento presenta información sobre el libro 400 pequeñas dosis de ciencia publicado por la Coordinación de la Investigación Científica de la UNAM en 2007. Incluye los nombres de los colaboradores, la coordinación ejecutiva y el diseño del libro, así como detalles sobre la publicación como la fecha, editorial y ISBN. Además, presenta extractos de algunas de las pequeñas dosis de ciencia incluidas en el libro sobre temas de aves en peligro, la abeja reina, la vejez y la ceguera
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El curso cubre temas relacionados a líneas de transmisión y estaciones de 500 kV, incluyendo su planificación, aspectos ambientales, diseño y mantenimiento. Se analizan parámetros de diseño para líneas como su configuración, cantidad de conductores y distancias entre fases. También se discuten criterios para la inspección y mantenimiento de líneas, y el diseño de conductores para mitigar vibraciones eólicas mediante el uso de espaciadores.
1011ijaia03
This document presents a method for automatically tuning PID controllers using particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. It describes PID controllers and common tuning methods like Ziegler-Nichols. It then provides an overview of PSO algorithm and how it can be applied to optimize PID parameters to minimize a performance index for a DC motor model. Simulation results show the PSO-tuned PID controller provides improved rise time, settling time and overshoot compared to Ziegler-Nichols tuning.
thorpe-s-dictionary-of-applied-chemistry-vol-1
This document is the preface to volume 1 of the revised and enlarged 1912 edition of A Dictionary of Applied Chemistry. It discusses the extensive advances in chemistry and its applications to industry that have occurred in the 22 years since the original edition. As a result, the dictionary has been greatly expanded and most articles have been revised or rewritten. Contributors include eminent experts from the UK, US, Germany and elsewhere. The editor acknowledges assistance from researchers at the Imperial College of Science and Technology for their help revising and compiling articles.
Polimeros
Los plásticos, el ADN, el ARN y las proteínas son moléculas grandes formadas por la unión de muchas unidades más pequeñas llamadas monómeros. El ADN almacena y transmite la información genética, el ARN participa en la síntesis de proteínas y las proteínas llevan a cabo funciones estructurales y metabólicas en los seres vivos.
Microcontrolador Solidworks
This document is a report on an exercise using a microcontroller. It includes a table with the pin names and numbers for an ATmega328P microcontroller. The microcontroller is connected to an LED on pin 22 through resistor R2, and receives power from a 5V supply through a 0.1uF capacitor C1 connected from the power to ground.
Recommended
400 Pequeñas Dosis de Ciencia
Este documento presenta información sobre el libro 400 pequeñas dosis de ciencia publicado por la Coordinación de la Investigación Científica de la UNAM en 2007. Incluye los nombres de los colaboradores, la coordinación ejecutiva y el diseño del libro, así como detalles sobre la publicación como la fecha, editorial y ISBN. Además, presenta extractos de algunas de las pequeñas dosis de ciencia incluidas en el libro sobre temas de aves en peligro, la abeja reina, la vejez y la ceguera
Curso de lineas
El curso cubre temas relacionados a líneas de transmisión y estaciones de 500 kV, incluyendo su planificación, aspectos ambientales, diseño y mantenimiento. Se analizan parámetros de diseño para líneas como su configuración, cantidad de conductores y distancias entre fases. También se discuten criterios para la inspección y mantenimiento de líneas, y el diseño de conductores para mitigar vibraciones eólicas mediante el uso de espaciadores.
1011ijaia03
This document presents a method for automatically tuning PID controllers using particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. It describes PID controllers and common tuning methods like Ziegler-Nichols. It then provides an overview of PSO algorithm and how it can be applied to optimize PID parameters to minimize a performance index for a DC motor model. Simulation results show the PSO-tuned PID controller provides improved rise time, settling time and overshoot compared to Ziegler-Nichols tuning.
thorpe-s-dictionary-of-applied-chemistry-vol-1
This document is the preface to volume 1 of the revised and enlarged 1912 edition of A Dictionary of Applied Chemistry. It discusses the extensive advances in chemistry and its applications to industry that have occurred in the 22 years since the original edition. As a result, the dictionary has been greatly expanded and most articles have been revised or rewritten. Contributors include eminent experts from the UK, US, Germany and elsewhere. The editor acknowledges assistance from researchers at the Imperial College of Science and Technology for their help revising and compiling articles.
Polimeros
Los plásticos, el ADN, el ARN y las proteínas son moléculas grandes formadas por la unión de muchas unidades más pequeñas llamadas monómeros. El ADN almacena y transmite la información genética, el ARN participa en la síntesis de proteínas y las proteínas llevan a cabo funciones estructurales y metabólicas en los seres vivos.
Microcontrolador Solidworks
This document is a report on an exercise using a microcontroller. It includes a table with the pin names and numbers for an ATmega328P microcontroller. The microcontroller is connected to an LED on pin 22 through resistor R2, and receives power from a 5V supply through a 0.1uF capacitor C1 connected from the power to ground.
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This document describes a model-based autotuning system that uses an artificial neural network (ANN) and relay feedback test. The system estimates process parameters like gain, ultimate gain, ultimate frequency, and apparent deadtime from relay feedback test data. It then classifies the process dynamics and tunes PI/PID controllers based on either a first-order plus deadtime or second-order plus deadtime process model. The tuning rules are derived from these models to provide superior control performance compared to Ziegler-Nichols tuning.
Pms
This document discusses a study on the effectiveness of performance management systems (PMS) as a tool for people alignment and development at Bank of Ceylon. The researchers interviewed a personal manager at a Kandy branch to understand how PMS works. They found that PMS is effective at aligning individual goals with organizational objectives through monthly reviews. However, areas for improvement include making the manager review form less lengthy and subjective, adding self-appraisals, and prioritizing performance over seniority for promotions to better motivate employees. The researchers recommend making PMS a more transparent process that develops individuals and the organization.
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Fpw chapter 4 - digital ctrl of dynamic systems
This document discusses different methods for designing discrete equivalents of continuous transfer functions for use in digital filters and control systems. It presents three main approaches: 1) numerical integration using rectangular, backward, and trapezoid (Tustin's method) rules to map the continuous transfer function to a discrete one; 2) pole-zero mapping to understand how integration rules map the stable region of the s-plane to the z-plane; 3) prewarping the continuous transfer function before applying Tustin's method in order to minimize frequency distortion caused by the mapping. The performance of these methods is demonstrated through an example of designing discrete equivalents of a Butterworth filter.
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This document summarizes a research project on process identification using relay feedback tests. The project aims to identify low-order models like FOPDT and SOPDT from relay feedback data to enable performance assessment and controller tuning. A new identification method is proposed that uses neural networks to estimate the apparent deadtime from steady-state cycles. This deadtime and other parameters allow classification of the process model and parameter estimation for assessment and auto-tuning.
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Global warming; Sri-Lankas contribution and our own demise
The document discusses greenhouse gases and global warming. It notes that greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide and methane absorb infrared radiation, contributing to the greenhouse effect and rising global temperatures. It provides data showing that Sri Lanka's CO2 emissions have risen significantly over time and are primarily from electricity production and transportation. It also outlines various impacts of climate change that Sri Lanka may face like sea level rise, more extreme weather, and effects on agriculture, livestock, and human health.
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This document provides an overview of the evolution of approaches to human resource management. It discusses the classical approaches of scientific management, administrative management, and bureaucratic management from the early 20th century. It then covers the behavioral approaches of the mid-20th century exemplified by the Hawthorne Studies. Later approaches discussed include quantitative approaches incorporating management science, and modern approaches such as systems theory and contingency theory.
Modelado de ecuaciones diferenciales (ejemplos)
Este documento presenta tres casos de modelado de ecuaciones diferenciales: 1) Un luxómetro que mide la intensidad de luz a distintas distancias, formulado como una ecuación diferencial de primer orden. 2) Un marcapasos modelado como un circuito RC, representado por una ecuación diferencial de primer orden. 3) Una viga sujeta a una carga uniforme, cuya deformación se describe mediante una ecuación diferencial de cuarto orden. En cada caso se presenta la formulación, solución y en el último caso una simulación.
Physical chemistry formulary - the laws of thermodynamics hold
This document provides a summary of key concepts in physical chemistry in 3 sentences or less:
The document outlines fundamental concepts such as the laws of thermodynamics, kinetic molecular theory, ideal gases, real gases, phase diagrams, and transport properties. Key equations are presented for the ideal gas law, van der Waals equation of state, Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution, diffusion, heat transfer, and more. Definitions and examples are given for important terms like state functions, work, heat, entropy, heat capacity, compression factor, and diffusion coefficients.
Fire handbook
This document provides fire safety instructions for NYU Medical Center personnel. It outlines procedures for pulling a fire alarm, calling communications to report a fire, implementing fire protocol by shouting "Code Red" and closing doors and windows, and fighting small fires with appropriate extinguishers. It describes evacuation procedures for different areas of the medical center, and states that patients will only evacuate if deemed necessary by emergency responders otherwise they should remain in their rooms.
Sistemas de control en tiempo discreto por katsuhiko ogata
Este documento describe los detalles de un proyecto de construcción de una carretera. Explica los materiales que se usarán, como concreto y asfalto, el trazado de la ruta de 10 millas, y un cronograma tentativo de 18 meses para completar el proyecto.
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component of optical instrument
This document discusses the basic components of an optical instrument:
1. A light source such as a hydrogen discharge lamp or tungsten lamp generates a beam of radiation that is sufficiently powerful for detection and measurement.
2. A monochromator like a diffraction grating is used to select a given wavelength from the light source.
3. A sample cell, usually a glass or quartz cuvette, holds the sample and has a fixed length and volume to contain it without absorbing the light.
4. A transducer or detector converts the radiant energy into a measurable signal that can be read by an output device. Ideal detectors have properties like high sensitivity and a fast response time.
Introduction to spectroscopic methods
This document provides an introduction to spectrometric methods and the Beer-Lambert law. It defines key terms like absorbance, transmittance, molar absorptivity, and wavelength. The Beer-Lambert law states that absorbance is directly proportional to concentration, path length, and molar absorptivity. It also explains that absorbance follows a linear relationship with concentration at a given path length and wavelength for a single analyte. Deviations from Beer's law can occur under certain circumstances.
Analytical chemistry_Instrumentation_Introduction
This document discusses analytical chemistry and instrumentation methods. It introduces analytical chemistry as determining the chemical composition of samples through qualitative and quantitative analysis. It then describes common analytical approaches, including identifying problems, designing experiments, conducting experiments, analyzing data, and proposing solutions. The document outlines classical and instrumental analytical methods and key considerations for selecting methods. It also defines important figures of merit for methods and discusses calibration techniques like external standards, standard additions, and internal standards.
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This document describes a model-based autotuning system that uses an artificial neural network (ANN) and relay feedback test. The system estimates process parameters like gain, ultimate gain, ultimate frequency, and apparent deadtime from relay feedback test data. It then classifies the process dynamics and tunes PI/PID controllers based on either a first-order plus deadtime or second-order plus deadtime process model. The tuning rules are derived from these models to provide superior control performance compared to Ziegler-Nichols tuning.
Pms
This document discusses a study on the effectiveness of performance management systems (PMS) as a tool for people alignment and development at Bank of Ceylon. The researchers interviewed a personal manager at a Kandy branch to understand how PMS works. They found that PMS is effective at aligning individual goals with organizational objectives through monthly reviews. However, areas for improvement include making the manager review form less lengthy and subjective, adding self-appraisals, and prioritizing performance over seniority for promotions to better motivate employees. The researchers recommend making PMS a more transparent process that develops individuals and the organization.
Una tragedia ocultada.
El documento resume los eventos trágicos de marzo de 2013 en Ecuador cuando dos ancianos Waorani fueron asesinados por un grupo de indígenas Tagaeri-Taromenani aislados y cómo las instituciones estatales respondieron. Luego, familiares Waorani ingresaron a la selva para vengar las muertes, matando e secuestrando a dos niñas Tagaeri-Taromenani. El documento también analiza la debilidad institucional del Estado ecuatoriano y la falta de coordinación entre los diferentes niveles de gobierno para prote
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Este documento es el texto de química para el cuarto año de educación media de Chile. Presenta información sobre temas de química como la composición y aplicación de polímeros naturales y sintéticos, la radiactividad en el contexto de la tecnología nuclear y los procesos productivos vinculados a la industria química. El texto fue escrito por Silvina Iriberri de Díaz y Romina Martínez Orellana y publicado por Editorial Santillana para el Ministerio de Educación de Chile en 2011.
Fpw chapter 4 - digital ctrl of dynamic systems
This document discusses different methods for designing discrete equivalents of continuous transfer functions for use in digital filters and control systems. It presents three main approaches: 1) numerical integration using rectangular, backward, and trapezoid (Tustin's method) rules to map the continuous transfer function to a discrete one; 2) pole-zero mapping to understand how integration rules map the stable region of the s-plane to the z-plane; 3) prewarping the continuous transfer function before applying Tustin's method in order to minimize frequency distortion caused by the mapping. The performance of these methods is demonstrated through an example of designing discrete equivalents of a Butterworth filter.
Receptores sensitivos (1)
Los receptores sensitivos captan información del medio interno y externo mediante estímulos. Existen receptores internos (enterceptores) que detectan el estado fisiológico del cuerpo y receptores externos que constituyen los órganos de los sentidos como la vista, el oído, el tacto, el gusto y el olfato. La información captada por los receptores se transmite al cerebro donde se elabora una respuesta consciente.
922214 e002013
This document summarizes a research project on process identification using relay feedback tests. The project aims to identify low-order models like FOPDT and SOPDT from relay feedback data to enable performance assessment and controller tuning. A new identification method is proposed that uses neural networks to estimate the apparent deadtime from steady-state cycles. This deadtime and other parameters allow classification of the process model and parameter estimation for assessment and auto-tuning.
Environmental_soil_and_water_chemistry__principles_and_applications
This document provides an overview of the textbook "Environmental Soil and Water Chemistry: Principles and Applications" by V.P. Evangelou. The textbook covers principles of water chemistry, solution-mineral chemistry, soil minerals and surface properties, sorption and exchange reactions, redox chemistry and kinetics, soil dynamics related to organic matter and nutrients, colloids and transport processes in soils, salt-affected soils and brackish waters, acid drainage prevention technologies, and water quality and treatment technologies. The textbook is intended to provide students with the fundamental chemical principles needed to understand environmental processes in soil and water systems.
Global warming; Sri-Lankas contribution and our own demise
The document discusses greenhouse gases and global warming. It notes that greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide and methane absorb infrared radiation, contributing to the greenhouse effect and rising global temperatures. It provides data showing that Sri Lanka's CO2 emissions have risen significantly over time and are primarily from electricity production and transportation. It also outlines various impacts of climate change that Sri Lanka may face like sea level rise, more extreme weather, and effects on agriculture, livestock, and human health.
Evolution of hrm
This document provides an overview of the evolution of approaches to human resource management. It discusses the classical approaches of scientific management, administrative management, and bureaucratic management from the early 20th century. It then covers the behavioral approaches of the mid-20th century exemplified by the Hawthorne Studies. Later approaches discussed include quantitative approaches incorporating management science, and modern approaches such as systems theory and contingency theory.
Modelado de ecuaciones diferenciales (ejemplos)
Este documento presenta tres casos de modelado de ecuaciones diferenciales: 1) Un luxómetro que mide la intensidad de luz a distintas distancias, formulado como una ecuación diferencial de primer orden. 2) Un marcapasos modelado como un circuito RC, representado por una ecuación diferencial de primer orden. 3) Una viga sujeta a una carga uniforme, cuya deformación se describe mediante una ecuación diferencial de cuarto orden. En cada caso se presenta la formulación, solución y en el último caso una simulación.
Physical chemistry formulary - the laws of thermodynamics hold
This document provides a summary of key concepts in physical chemistry in 3 sentences or less:
The document outlines fundamental concepts such as the laws of thermodynamics, kinetic molecular theory, ideal gases, real gases, phase diagrams, and transport properties. Key equations are presented for the ideal gas law, van der Waals equation of state, Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution, diffusion, heat transfer, and more. Definitions and examples are given for important terms like state functions, work, heat, entropy, heat capacity, compression factor, and diffusion coefficients.
Fire handbook
This document provides fire safety instructions for NYU Medical Center personnel. It outlines procedures for pulling a fire alarm, calling communications to report a fire, implementing fire protocol by shouting "Code Red" and closing doors and windows, and fighting small fires with appropriate extinguishers. It describes evacuation procedures for different areas of the medical center, and states that patients will only evacuate if deemed necessary by emergency responders otherwise they should remain in their rooms.
Sistemas de control en tiempo discreto por katsuhiko ogata
Este documento describe los detalles de un proyecto de construcción de una carretera. Explica los materiales que se usarán, como concreto y asfalto, el trazado de la ruta de 10 millas, y un cronograma tentativo de 18 meses para completar el proyecto.
181540305 pelaksanaan-produksi-bersih
Ringkasan dokumen tersebut adalah:
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This document discusses the basic components of an optical instrument:
1. A light source such as a hydrogen discharge lamp or tungsten lamp generates a beam of radiation that is sufficiently powerful for detection and measurement.
2. A monochromator like a diffraction grating is used to select a given wavelength from the light source.
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