Emerson Eduardo Rodrigues - ENGINEERING STUDIES1 TEACHS HOW TO OPTIMIZATION OF NETWORK GSM WCDMA PERFORMANCE ENHANCEMENTS FOR HIGH SPEED SCENARIO EMERSON EDUARDO RODRIGUES
This white paper summarizes significant additional technology components based on LTE, which are included in 3GPP Release 12 specifications. The LTE technology as specified within 3GPP Release was first commercially deployed by end 2009. Since then the number of commercial networks is strongly increasing around the globe. LTE has become the fastest developing mobile system technology ever.
As other cellular technologies, LTE is continuously worked on in terms of improvements. 3GPP groups added technology components according to socalled releases. Initial enhancements were included in 3GPP Release 9, followed by more significant improvements in 3GPP Release 10, also known as LTE-Advanced. Beyond Release 10 a number of different market terms have been used. However, 3GPP reaffirmed that the naming for the technology family and its evolution continues to be covered by the term LTE-Advanced. Therefore LTE-Advanced remains the correct description for specifications defined from Release 10 onwards, including 3GPP Release 12.
3GPP Overview
TSG Plenary Status for 5G
New Services and Markets Technology Enablers
Architecture for Next Generation System
Next Generation Radio Access Technology
TSG Plenary Status for LTE-Advanced Pro
References
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
NO1 Uk best vashikaran specialist in delhi vashikaran baba near me online vas...Amil Baba Dawood bangali
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Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
Emerson Eduardo Rodrigues - ENGINEERING STUDIES1 Rp 152272
1. 3GPP TSG RAN Meeting #70 RP-152272
Sitges, Spain, Dec. 7 - 10, 2015
Source: Ericsson, Huawei
Title: New Work Item on enhanced LAA for LTE
Document for: Approval
Agenda Item: 14.1.1
3GPP™ Work Item Description
For guidance, see 3GPP Working Procedures, article 39; and 3GPP TR 21.900.
Comprehensive instructions can be found at http://www.3gpp.org/Work-Items
Title: New Work Item on enhanced LAA for LTE
Acronym: eLAA_LTE
Unique identifier:
NOTE: If this is a RAN WID including Core and Perf. part, then Title, Acronym and Unique identifier refer to
the feature WI. Please tick (X) the applicable box(es) in the table below:
This WID includes a Core part X
This WID includes a Performance part X
1 3GPP Work Area
X Radio Access
Core Network
Services
2 Classification of WI and linked work items
2.0 Primary classification
This work item is a …
Study Item (go to 2.1)
X Feature (go to 2.2)
Building Block (go to 2.3)
Work Task (go to 2.4)
NOTE: Core, Performance and Testing parts of RAN WIs are usually Building Blocks.
If you are in doubt,please contact MCC.
2.1 Study Item
Related Work Item(s) (if any]
Unique ID Title Nature of relationship
Go to §3.
2. 2.2 Feature
Related Study Item or Feature (if any)
Unique ID Title Nature of relationship
650016 Study on Licensed-Assisted Access to
Unlicensed Spectrum
Corresponding SI
680160 Work Item on Licensed-Assisted Access to
Unlicensed Spectrum
The resultof the work item gives the basis ofthe work
Go to §3.
2.3 Building Block
Parent Feature (or Study Item)
Unique ID Title TS
This work item is …
Stage 1 (go to 2.3.1)
Stage 2 (go to 2.3.2)
Stage 3 (go to 2.3.3)
Test spec (go to 2.3.4)
Other (go to 2.3.5)
2.3.1 Stage 1
Source of externalrequirements (if any)
Organization Document Remarks
Go to §3.
2.3.2 Stage 2
Corresponding stage 1 work item
Unique ID Title TS
Other source of stage 1 information
TS or CR(s) Clause Remarks
If no identified source of stage 1 information, justify:
Go to §3.
2.3.3 Stage 3
Corresponding stage 2 work item (if any)
Unique ID Title TS
Else, corresponding stage 1 work item
Unique ID Title TS
3. Other justification
TS or CR(s) or externaldocument Clause Remarks
If no identified source of stage 2 information, justify:
Go to §3.
2.3.4 Test spec
Related Work Item(s)
Unique ID Title TS
Go to §3.
2.3.5 Other
Related Work Item(s)
Unique ID Title Nature of relationship TS / TR
Go to §3.
2.4 Work task
Parent Building Block
Unique ID Title TS
3 Justification
The fast uptake of LTE in different regions of the world shows both that demand for wireless broadband data is
increasing and that LTE is an extremely successfulplatform to meet that demand.
For IMT systems, existing and new spectrum licensed for exclusive use by IMT technologies will remain fundamentally
critical for providing seamless coverage, achieving the highest spectral efficiency, and ensuring the highest reliability of
cellular networks through careful planning and deployment of high-quality network equipment and devices. All these
cannot be achieved by unlicensed spectrumwhich can never match the qualities of the licensed regime.
However, use of unlicensed spectrumis increasingly considered by cellular operators as a complementary tool to
augment their service offering and solutions.Efficient use of unlicensed spectrumas a complement to licensed spectrum
has the potential to bring great value to service providers, and, ultimately, to the wireless industry as a whole. Given the
widespread deployment and usage of other technologies in unlicensed spectrumfor wireless communications in o ur
society,it is necessary that LTE has to coexist with existing and future uses of unlicensed spectrum.
Within Rel-13, 3GPP defined a DL only design for LTE to utilize the unlicensed spectrum. The Rel-13 work also
investigated UL channel access mechanisms for unlicensed spectrumusage.To leverage the full benefits of LTE
operation in unlicensed spectrum, it is of outmost importance to define a complete UL access scheme in addition to the
already defined DL access scheme.
[1] TR 36.889 Feasibility Study on Licensed-Assisted Access to Unlicensed Spectrum V13.0.0
4 Objective
4.1 Objective of SI or Core part WI or Testing part WI
The objective within this work item is to specify UL support for LAA SCell operation in unlicensed spectrum.
Standalone operation within unlicensed spectrumis not included. The specification work shall be based on extending
the LTE design and in particular the LAA design. The LAA design should allow fair coexistence between Wi-Fi and
LAA and fair coexistence between different LAA systems.Coexistence measures should still allow efficient operation
4. of all coexisting technologies.This shall be ensured by following the recommendations and conclusions from the TR on
LAA and continuing to consider coexistence for the specification work [1].
The core technology should be as much as possible band agnostic. To allow for an efficient design,the enhancements
should reuse the features of LTE as much as possible.Forward compatibility should be taken into account so that
support for dual connectivity can be specified without significant changes to the design. Duplication of work done in
other LTE work items should be avoided.
The detailed objectives of the work item are to specify support for the following functionalities:
UL carrier aggregation for LAA SCell(s) (with one or more UL carriers in unlicensed band) using
Frame Structure type 3 [RAN1, RAN2, RAN4]
o The channel access mechanism shall use the decisions made in RAN1 during Rel-13 as a
starting point
o Specify support for PUSCH and SRS
o Support both self-scheduling and cross-carrier scheduling fromlicensed spectrum.
o If needed, specify support for PUCCH [RAN1]
o If needed, specify support for PRACH [RAN1]
The work item should also specify base station and UE core requirements of 5 GHz spectrum to
support the above features [RAN4]
Complete support for 10 MHz system bandwidth as an LAA SCell [RAN4, RAN1]
4.2 Objective of Performance part WI
NOTE: Leave empty if the WI proposaldoes not contain a RAN performance part.
Specify the necessary UE and base station performance requirements to support UL carrier aggregation for an LAA
SCell using Frame Structure type 3.
5. 4.3 RAN time budgetproposal
NOTE: For WIs/SIs under RAN WG5 leadership this section is not filled out.Otherwise:
For a not yet approved WI/SI the rapporteur has to fill out the last row of the table(s) below up to the
target date of the WI/SI (if necessary add further tables): Indicate the number of time units (1 TU ~ 2h),
i.e. one value for each session/field.If no time unit is needed,leave the field empty.
For WI/SI already approved in the past,the tables below will no longer be updated in the WI/SI
description (i.e. the tables reflect the status ofthe initial approval). But changes can be proposed in the
status report of the WI/SI.
RAN #70 Q1/2016 RAN #71
R1L R1U R2L R2U R2J R3 R4RF
Core
R4RD Core R4RF
Perf
R4RD Perf
84 84 93 93 89 91 78 78 78 78
4
RAN #71 Q2/2016 RAN #72
R1L R1U R2L R2U R2J R3 R4RF
Core
R4RD
Core
R4RF
Perf
R4RD
Perf
R1L R1U R2L R2U R2J R3 R4RF
Core
R4RD
Core
R4RF
Perf
R4RD
Perf
84bis 84bis 93bis 93bis 89bis 91bis 78bis 78bis 78bis 78bis 85 85 94 94 90 92 79 79 79 79
4 2 1.5 1.5 4 2 1.5 1.5
RAN #72 Q3/2016 RAN #73
R1L R1U R2L R2U R2J R3 R4RF
Core
R4RD Core R4RF
Perf
R4RD Perf
86 86 95 95 91 93 80 80 80 80
2 1.5 1.5
RAN #73 Q4/2016 RAN #74
R1L R1U R2L R2U R2J R3 R4RF
Core
R4RD
Core
R4RF
Perf
R4RD
Perf
R1L R1U R2L R2U R2J R3 R4RF
Core
R4RD
Core
R4RF
Perf
R4RD
Perf
86bis 86bis 95bis 95bis 91bis 93bis 80bis 80bis 80bis 80bis 87 87 96 96 92 94 81 81 81 81
1 1 1 1
RAN #74 Q1/2017 RAN #75
R1L R1U R2L R2U R2J R3 R4RF
Core
R4RD Core R4RF
Perf
R4RD Perf
88 88 97 97 89 95 82 82 82 82
1 1
RAN #75 Q2/2017 RAN #76
R1L R1U R2L R2U R2J R3 R4RF
Core
R4RD
Core
R4RF
Perf
R4RD
Perf
R1L R1U R2L R2U R2J R3 R4RF
Core
R4RD
Core
R4RF
Perf
R4RD
Perf
88bis 88bis 97bis 97bis 97bis 95bis 82bis 82bis 82bis 82bis 89 89 98 98 98 96 83 83 83 83
RAN #76 Q3/2017 RAN #77
R1L R1U R2L R2U R2J R3 R4RF
Core
R4RD Core R4RF
Perf
R4RD Perf
90 90 99 99 99 97 84 84 84 84
L: LTE, U: UMTS, J: Joint, RD: RRM/demodulation
NOTE: In case further explanation of the time budget proposalis needed, then please explain this below.
additional comments to the time budget proposal:
6. 5 Service Aspects
6 MMI-Aspects
7 Charging Aspects
8 Security Aspects
9 Impacts
Affects: UICC apps ME AN CN Others
Yes X X
No X X X
Don't know
10 Expected Output and Time scale
New specifications [If Study Item, one TR is anticipated]
Spec No. Title 1st rsp.
WG
2nd rsp.
WG(s)
Presented for
information at
plenary#
Approved at
plenary #
Comments
NOTE: If this is a RAN WID including Core and Perf. part, then all new Core part specs have to be listed first
and then all new Perf. part specs.Indicate "Core part" or "Perf. part" under Comments for each spec.
By default a new specs can only be new for one of both parts.
7. Affected existing specifications [None in the case of Study Items]
Spec No. CR Subject of the CR Approved at plenary#Comments
36.211 Evolved UniversalTerrestrial
Radio Access(E-UTRA);
Physical Channels and
Modulation
RAN#72 Core Part
36.212 Evolved UniversalTerrestrial
Radio Access(E-UTRA);
Multiplexing and channel
coding
RAN#72 Core Part
36.213 Evolved UniversalTerrestrial
Radio Access(E-UTRA);
Physical layer procedures
RAN#72 Core Part
36.214 Evolved UniversalTerrestrial
Radio Access(E-UTRA);
Physical layer; Measurements
RAN#72 Core Part
36.300 Evolved UniversalTerrestrial
Radio Access(E-UTRA) and
Evolved UniversalTerrestrial
Radio AccessNetw ork(E-
UTRAN); Overall description;
Stage 2
RAN#73 Core Part
36.306 Evolved UniversalTerrestrial
Radio Access(E-UTRA); User
Equipment (UE) radio access
capabilities
RAN#73 Core Part
36.321 Evolved UniversalTerrestrial
Radio Access(E-UTRA);
Medium AccessControl
(MAC) protocolspecification
RAN#73 Core Part
36.331 Evolved UniversalTerrestrial
Radio Access(E-UTRA);
Radio Resource Control
(RRC); Protocol specification
RAN#73 Core Part
36.101 Evolved UniversalTerrestrial
Radio Access(E-UTRA);
User Equipment (UE) radio
transmission and reception
RAN#73 Core Part
36.133 Evolved UniversalTerrestrial
Radio Access(E-UTRA);
Requirements for support of
radio resource management
RAN#73 Core Part
36.104 Evolved UniversalTerrestrial
Radio Access(E-UTRA);
Base Station (BS) radio
transmission and reception
RAN#73 Core Part
36.141 Evolved UniversalTerrestrial
Radio Access(E-UTRA);
Base Station (BS)
conformance testing
RAN#73 Core Part
36.101 Evolved UniversalTerrestrial
Radio Access(E-UTRA);
User Equipment (UE) radio
transmission and reception
RAN#75 Performance Part
36.133 Evolved UniversalTerrestrial
Radio Access(E-UTRA);
Requirements for support of
radio resource management
RAN#75 Performance Part
36.104 Evolved UniversalTerrestrial
Radio Access(E-UTRA);
Base Station (BS) radio
transmission and reception
RAN#75 Performance Part
36.141 Evolved UniversalTerrestrial
Radio Access(E-UTRA);
Base Station (BS)
conformance testing
RAN#75 Performance Part
NOTE: If this is a RAN WID including Core and Perf. part, then all new Core part specs have to be listed first
and then all new Perf. part specs. Indicate "Core part" or "Perf. part" under Comments for each spec.
If an existing spec is affected by both (Core part and Perf. part), then it has to be listed twice with
appropriate approval dates.
11 Work item rapporteur(s)
Koorapaty, Havish
Ericsson
8. Havish (dot) Koorapaty (at) Ericsson (dot) com
Xia, Yuan
Huawei
xiayuan (at) Huawei (dot) com
12 Work item leadership
RAN WG1
NOTE: If this is a RAN WID including Core and Perf. part, then this WG specifies the WG leading the Core part.
RAN WG4 is by default leading the Perf. part.
13 Supporting Individual Members
Supporting IM name
Ericsson
Huawei
HiSilicon
Alcatel-Lucent
Alcatel-LucentShanghai Bell
Telstra
Sequans Communications
Institute for Information Industry
TCL Communications
WILUS Inc
SK Telecom
Nokia Networks
Sharp
Softbank
NEC
Verizon
Interdigital
Dish Network
Qualcomm Inc.
KDDI
OPPO
Lenovo
Motorola Mobility
Panasonic
NTT DOCOMO
CATT
ITRI
ZTE
CATR
TeliaSonera
CMCC
Deutsche Telekom
Vodafone
Intel Corporation
AT&T
LG Electronics
Samsung