Microservices deployed on cloud infrastructures are becoming the de facto standard for creating large-scale adaptive systems. This scenario is due to the current demand for flexible and adaptive solutions to deal with increasingly volatile operating environments. However, microservices do not solve the entire problem on their own. To provide the required levels of flexibility and adaptation demanded by modern systems, a set of technologies have to be jointly used. Technologies such as containers, auto-scalers, load balancers, cache applications and API gateways are commonly seen as part of microservice’s ecosystem. We argue that managing all these composing elements of this ecosystem is becoming too complicated and that we need autonomous solutions to manage and adapt these elements, including the microservice itself. Therefore, we propose the concept of Emergent Microservice and Emergent Ecosystems. These concepts consist of adding autonomic loops in each participating element, making them able to evolve their behaviour to support runtime and autonomous system adaptation. Further to that, these concepts make microservice-based systems capable of dealing with the increasing changes in the systems’ operating environment.

1. AUTHOR BY
Roberto Rodrigues Filho
Lancaster University Lancaster, UK
Barry Porter, Marcio Pereira de Sá
Institute of Informatics, Federal University of Goiás
- UFG, Goiânia, Brazil
Emergent Microservices in Emergent Ecosystems
2020 IEEE/ACM 13th International Conference on Utility and Cloud Computing (UCC)
PRESENTED BY
Md Shohag Mia
Student ID: 2023-2-96-014
Email: 2023-2-96-014@std.ewubd.edu
MS in CSE, East West University
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2. Contents
I. Introduction
II. Background
III. Problem Statement
IV. Related Work
V. Proposed Work
VI. Planned Work
VII. Implementation
VIII. Evaluation
IX. Conclusion
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3. Introduction
This presentation introduces the concept of Emergent Microservice and
Emergent Ecosystems, explaining how they can solve the complications that
come with managing and adapting all the composing elements including the
microservice itself in the microservices ecosystem.
However, additional technologies like containers, auto-scalers, load
balancers, cache applications, and API gateways are needed for flexibility.
Managing these elements is complex, requiring autonomous solutions. The
concept of Emergent Microservice and Emergent Ecosystems proposes
adding autonomic loops to each component for autonomous adaptation.
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4. Emergent Microservices
 It’s enable selfadaptation and self-regulation in the
microservices ecosystem, improving performance
and reducing complexity in managing
microservices.
 They allow microservices to adapt to changes in the
environment, making them more flexible and
reliable.
 Emergent Microservices pave the way for the
creation of Emergent Ecosystems, reducing the
complexity of managing microservices while
improving their performance and adaptability.
 Ease of management of the composing elements of
the ecosystem
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5. 01
02
03
Emergent Ecosystems
Technologies such as containers, auto-scalers, load
balancers, cache applications, and API gateways are
commonly seen as part of the microservice's ecosystem.
Managing all these composing elements of this ecosystem
is becoming too complicated.
We need autonomous solutions to manage and adapt these
elements, including the microservice itself.
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6. 01
02
03
04
Microservices, however,
do not solve the entire
problem on their own
Joint use of technologies
such as containers, auto-
scalers, load balancers,
and API gateways are
needed for flexibility and
adaptation
Managing and adapting all
of these composing
elements is becoming too
complicated
Background
Microservices are widely
used in large-scale
adaptive systems on
cloud infrastructures

7. Problem Statement
 Current microservices ecosystem cannot solve the entire
problem on its own.
 Managing all the composing elements of microservice's
ecosystem is becoming too complicated.
 We need autonomous solutions to manage and adapt
elements including microservices.
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8. Related Work
 Technologies such as containers, autoscalers, load
balancers and API gateways are part of microservice's
ecosystem.
 Autonomic loops can be added in each participating
element of the ecosystem.
 Limitations of current related work
 Overview of existing technologies used alongside
microservices (containers, auto-scalers, load balancers,
cache applications and API gateways)
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9. 01
02
03
Propose Solution
Emergent Microservice and Emergent Ecosystems concept
Autonomous loops in each element for runtime adaptation
Enable microservice-based systems to cope with changes in the
operating environment
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10. Planned Work
 Supporting runtime and autonomous system adaptations
 Building Emergent Ecosystems to adapt and manage the
microservice ecosystem
 Using autonomic loops to enable elements to evolve
autonomously
 Comparing the proposed approach to existing solutions.
 Conducting experiments to validate the effectiveness of the
proposed framework
 Emergent Microservice and Emergent Ecosystems are
proposed concepts
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11. 01
02
03
The implementation
process is complex, but
the benefits of Emergent
Microservices and
Emergent Ecosystems
make it a worthwhile
investment.
Implementation
Emergent Microservices
can be implemented
using a combination of
technologies such as AI,
ML, and autonomic
computing in future.
The implementation of
Emergent Microservices
requires a wide array of
skills and professionals
such as DevOps engineers
and data scientists.

12. Implementation
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13. Figure 1. Emergent software system framework architecture.
Implementation
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14. Figure 2. Emergent microservice anatomy depicting the reusable components, business logic, NFRP and the required
components, on the left. An example of an architectural composition on the right.
Implementation
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15. Evaluation
Figure 3. Performance of the emergent microservice compared with four fixed microservice
compositions, exposed to the high frequency of update and low volume of data. The spike
in the orange line represents the learning phase.
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16. Evaluation
Figure 4. Performance of the emergent microservice compared with four fixed microservice
compositions, exposed to the low frequency of update and high volume of data. The spike
in the orange line represents the learning phase.
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17. 01
02
03
Conclusion
Microservices are widely used in large scale adaptive systems on
cloud infrastructures such as containers, auto-scalers, load
balancers, cache applications, and API gateways are needed for
flexibility and adaptation
Emergent Microservice Ecosystems concept provide
autonomous solutions for managing and adapting microservices
and their composing elements and efficient and effective
management
Self-adaptation is critical for microservice ecosystems to thrive
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18. References
 [1] R. Rodrigues Filho, M. Sa, B. Porter, and F. Costa, “Towards ´
emergent microservices for client-tailored design,” 12 2018, pp. 1–6.
 [2] R. Rodrigues Filho and B. Porter, “Defining emergent software using
continuous self-assembly, perception & learning”
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19. Thank you for your time and attention 🙂
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