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Electric Mobility Introduction for Dummies Summary.pptx
- 1. INTRODUCTION TO ELECTRIC VEHICLESFOR DUMMIES But Smart People Are Welcome Too!
- 2. Th e re a r e 4 m a i n t yp e s o f e l e c t r i c ve h i c l e s t h a t yo u n e e d t o k n o w ...
- 3. EVTYPES BEV (Battery electricvehicle) - only power source is a battery pack. HEV (Hybrid electric vehicle) - has a battery that is charged by an ICE engine. PHEV (Plug in hybrid electric vehicle) - has a battery that is charged by both an ICE engine or an external charger. FCEV (Fuel cell electric vehicle) - has battery pack that is charged by a fuel cell which uses hydrogen. *Above are electric vehicle types, not electric battery types like lithium ion, lithium nickel manganese cobalt or lithium iron phosphate.
- 4. EVTYPES Hydrogen FCEVs arethe least common type of electric vehicle. While hydrogen is freely available in nature, its low energy efficiency & the prohibitive costs of storage & transport have made it not feasible commercially unless there is a major technological breakthrough.
- 5. ELECTRICVEHICLECHEMISTRY An EV batterycell has an anode (-ve electrode) and cathode (+ve electrode), separated by a plastic-like material. When the two electrodes are connected externally, ions travel through a liquid electrolyte inside the cell. This transforms chemical energy to electrical energy.
- 6. MOREDEFINITIONS Recently PHEVs (Plugin hybrid electric vehicle) are being known as PHICE (Plug in hybrid internal combustion engine vehicle) as a reminder that they still use fossil fuels. HICEV (Hydrogen internal combustion engine vehicle) is a type of hydrogen vehicle using an internal combustion engine. HICEVs are different from hydrogen FCEVs, which utilize hydrogen electro- chemically rather than through combustion.
- 7. Th e re a r e 3 m a i n c h a l l e n g e s t o t h e a d o p t i o n o f e l e c t r i c ve h i c l e s ...
- 8. EVCHALLENGES Purchase cost -EVs have a higher purchase cost (X2-X3) than ICEVs but lower operational cost (30-75%). Range - EVs currently have single charge range of 300 - 500 km while ICEVs have full tank range of 400 - 700 km. Charging infrastructure - there are only 2.8 million public EV chargers globally serving probably 10 vehicles each daily. Compared to over 2.5 million public fuel pumps each serving probably 100 vehicles daily.
- 9. T h er e a r e m a n y l i e s , h a l f t r u t h s & i g n o r a n t c l a i m s a b o u t e l e c t r i c ve h i c l e s ...
- 10. EVMYTHS 1.EVs damage theenvironment. 2.EVs take too long to charge. 3.EVs are too expensive. 4.EV batteries catch fire. 5.EVs have short life span. 6.EVs have limited range. 7.EVs are too slow. 8.EVs need subsidies to work. 9.EVs will take decades to work. 10. EVs cant work on the current grid. These claims are mainly pushed by ignorance, & entities that stand to lose most when fossil fuel based industries lose their markets.
- 11. GREENWASHING 'Green’ advertising bycompanies most responsible for climate change & environmental damage to mislead the public about their sustainability. Mainly done by oil marketers and ICE vehicle manufacturers whose core business remains fossil fuel based, but they give a false view of working towards net zero goals. They lobby governments & policy makers to have their products categorised as green or sustainable when they are not.
- 12. The fossil fuel industryis the polluted heart of the climate crisis. ANTONIO GUTERRES UN SECRETARY GENERAL
- 13. *Vehicle pollution kills morepeople annually than vehicle accidents. ADVANCED MOBILITY *According to WHO, global road crash fatalities are approx 1.3 million deaths annually. There are also 6.7 million deaths each year from exposure to ambient and household air pollution. Vehicles contribute at least 35% of air pollution, therefore causing about 2.3 million of air pollution deaths.
- 14. M a rk e t n u m b e r s g i ve a g o o d i n s i g h t o n t h e f u t u r e o f e l e c t r i c ve h i c l e s ...
- 15. ICEVSEVTREND Since 2017, newICE vehicle sales have been on a downward trend to date, while new EV sales have been rising steadily. In 2022 over 10.5 million electric vehicles were sold globally by leading brands such as BYD, Tesla and VW.
- 16. MAINREASONFOREVADOPTION Non-renewable fossil fuelslike coal, oil & gas currently supply about 80% of the world’s energy. Their burning produces greenhouse gases that cause global warming with severe effects like sea level rising, extreme weather, biodiversity loss and species extinction, food scarcity, worsening health & national poverty. The worsening climate change could be irreversible by 2030. Greenhouse gases are at the highest levels ever and continue to rise.
- 17. We are thefirst generation to feel the impact of climate change & the last one that can do something about it. B A R A C K O B A M A
- 18. COMMERCIALREASONFOREVADOPTION Generally EVs havelower total cost of ownership than ICE vehicles. EVs have a higher purchase cost (X2-X3) than ICEs but lower operational cost (30-75%). Currently an EV has to do generally high mileage daily (100-200 km) to achieve a lower total cost. By 2025 an EV is expected to have equal or lower purchase cost than an ICE vehicle due to improvements in technology, production and economies of scale.
- 19. NATIONALREASONFOREVADOPTION For most countriesthe biggest forex cost is oil, this has given OPEC countries global political leverage for many decades. Many wars right now are also because of oil. EVs can be charged with energy from any source whether hydro, geothermal, solar, wind, coal or nuclear - not just oil. They bring an opportunity for energy security and economic independence for a nation, hence most countries are putting policies to support e-mobility.
- 20. Control oil and youcontrol nations; control food and you control the people. H E N R Y A. K I S S I N G E R
- 21. POLICYREASONFOREVADOPTION Over 40 countriesare on course to banning sale of ICE vehicles in their markets by 2040. China is the world's largest auto market at 26.8 million new vehicles annually. By 2035 50% of all their new vehicles must be electric, fuel cell, or plug-in hybrid – the remaining 50% to be hybrid vehicles. Ford, Mercedes, Volvo, BYD & Jaguar Land Rover are among the carmakers with a goal to end ICE vehicle production by 2035.
- 22. N o te ve r y u s e c a s e i s i d e a l f o r e l e c t r i c ve h i c l e s ...
- 23. EVBESTUSECASE Vehicle range radius- movement to be within the range of the battery or nearest charger. Adequate daily mileage* - vehicle to have frequent daily mileage to accumulate enough operation savings to offset the higher purchase cost. Overnight charging - availability of overnight charging point, usually at home or work where 95% of EV charging occurs. *Most vehicles are parked 95% of the time. This is gross underutilization & most ineffective use of an EV.
- 24. CONCLUSION There are over2.1 billion ICE vehicles on the planet. The sustainability goal is not to replace all of them with EVs. It is to reduce the overall global fleet size as people find better means of mobility. Mass transit options like buses & trains, micro mobility options like bikes & scooters, vehicle sharing options, work from or closer to home options, and more 2W/3W vehicles rather than big 4W types.
- 25. The earth will moveto a sustainable energy future in our lifetime E L O N M U S K
- 26. If you findt his sum m ary interest ing or insig ht ful, let 's c onn ec t on Link ed In & k eep sharp enin eac h ot her. #H e r e W e G o E l e c t r i c A lex M unene F leet M ob ilit y E xp ert a l e x.m u n e n e @ a d va n c e d m o b i l i t y.c o .k e D O Y O U A G R E E T H A T E - M O B I L I T Y IS T H E R E V O L U T I O N O F T H E C E N T U R Y ?