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whenspacebecomesmorethanaplace .
EDUCAUSE 19 October 05
panel
MarkMaves, AIA
sr. vicepresident, SmithGroup
MartinSharpless, AIA
senior manager, GilbaneBuildingCompany
Copyright SmithGroup and Gilbane 2005. This work is the intellectual property of the author.
Permission is granted for this material to be shared for non-commercial, educational purposes,
provided that this copyright statement appears on the reproduced materials and notice is given
that the copying is by permission of the author. To disseminate otherwise or to republish requires
written permission from the author.
today
place
cuttingedge toexpected
learnersandlearning
current opportunities
involvedupfront
flexibility
resources
place
Rogets21st CenturyThesaurus: Concepts#435
.ASYLUM ..barrier ..dynasty .
haunt .depository .depot
place becomes places
expandingawarenessfromformal spaces:
lecturehalls
classrooms
teachinglabs
casestudyrooms
seminar rooms
place becomes places
to commons
corridorsandlobbies
cafés
stairs
grassandgrads
lounges
groupstudy
cuttingedge
cuttingedge toexpected
goingquicklyfrom cuttingedge to stateof theart to
stateof thestate
cuttingedge toexpected
examples
EmoryUniversity CoxHall ComputingCenter
cuttingedge toexpected
examples
MITaerolab
cuttingedge toexpected
examples
NCSUPhaseII &PhaseIII
cuttingedge toexpected
examples
Central MichiganHealthProfessions
cuttingedge toexpected
ELI FocusSessions
2004 designof formal learningspaces(MIT)
2005 designof informal learningspaces(EstrellaMt.)
2006 designof virtual learningspaces (Uof Md)
cuttingedge toexpected
new trendsfromELI (Sept. 05)
byPhil Long(MIT)
andMalcolmBrown(Dartmouth)
intentional support for social learning strategies, informed
by principles
return to human centered design
support of diverse, personally-owned devices to enrich
academic learning
learnersandlearning
learners
the net generation
multi-tasked
experienced learnbydoing
collaborative
digital
portable
connected
fluid
immediate
learning
net genlearningpreferences
peer-to-peer
engagement & experience
visual & kinesthetic
things that matter
learners
transportation
problems
financial challenges
work responsibilities
job shift
limited time
health issues
family responsibilities
Diana Oblinger, ELI 05 Arizona
(Bleed, 2005)
learners
lifeinterruptions
0
20
50
10
30
Percentage
70
learners
( Dziuban, 2004)
Mature
63% Boomer
55%
Gen X
38%
Net Gen
26%
Students who were very satisfied
with Web-based learning by
generation
Age vs. learning preferences
40
60
90% Immediate Application
75% Practice by doing
50% Discussion Group
10% Reading
5% Lecture
20% Audiovisual
30% Demonstration
1 Average retention rates of learning activities.
Source: National Training Laboratory, Bethel, ME
learning
challenges/ opportunities
current opportunity
Higher EducationSpending
2005$16.25Billion 65MillionSquareFeet
2006$17.25Billion 69MillionSquareFeet
2007$18.5Billion 74MillionSquareFeet
2008$18.5Billion 74MillionSquareFeet
2009$18Billion 72MillionSquareFeet
2010$17Billion 68MillionSquareFeet
current opportunity
increasedexpendituresonbuildings
increaseddonor interest
increasedcompetitionfor students
increasedcompetitionfor federal grants
increasedrecognitionof collegesanduniversitiesas
economicdrivers
leadingtorecordexpenditureonconstruction --
opportunitytime!
involvedupfront
involvedupfront
permanent 3-Dimplicationsinspace
involvedupfront
areaper person(standards/ typicals)
# .lecture/ tablet arm 10-12nsf
# .classroom/ table-chair 20-30nsf
# .seminar 20-25nsf
# .computer lab/classroom 30-40nsf
involvedupfront
areaper person(contrast tostandards/ typicals)
# .lecture/ tablet arm 10-12nsf
# .classroom/ table-chair 20-30nsf
# .seminar 20-25nsf
# .computer lab/classroom 30-40nsf
# .studio/multi-mediaclassroom 40-70nsf
# .interactivelearningclassroom 45-100+nsf
involvedupfront
what doesthefacilityrequire?
classrooms can need 15 sf/person or 45 sf/person
dependingonteachingrequirements
$250 x 15 sf x600seats=$2.25million
$250 x 45 sf x600seats=$6.75million
flexibility=spaceanddollars
whereisthebiggest impact (wanted/needed) and what
can make do with less?
involvedupfront
therealityof constructioncosts
ResearchLabs=$350 500 per Square Foot
Libraries = $280 350 per Square Foot
RecreationCenters=$250 320 per Square Foot
Student Housing=$160 230 per Square Foot
BusinessSchools=$280 360 per Square Foot
Liberal ArtsClassrooms=$220 300 per Square Foot
$250/SquareFoot x100,000SquareFeet =$25Million!
involvedupfront
wirestrategy
involvedupfront
wirestrategy
involvedupfront
prototyping/ labs
iStanford
teaming case study
lecture Blecture A
VECTA
involvedupfront
budget andassumedsources
in construction budget?
in soft project costs?
in departmental budget?
inspecial programbudget/grant?
incollege/universitybudget?
in separate installation budget?
$5 15per squarefoot
flexibility
flexibility
flexibility
lifetimeof buildingcomponents
Software systems
Computer, Communications IT Hardware
Cabling, Systems
Furniture Systems
Mechanical/ Electrical Systems
Building Structures*
* Effectively indefinite
BuildingComponents
Years
0 10 20 30 40 50
flexibility
sourcesof flexibility
building
IT/AV
furniture / equipment
flexibility building
meansof physical buildingflexibility
flat slabs for floors
floor to floor height
lighting natural and
mechanical/electrical systems
IT infrastructure routes
flexibility building
flat slab
Tiers
Slab
Core Drilling
flexibility building
floor height
1216
ACTIVITY
Bottom of Slab
Infrastructure / Structure
Top of Slab
Infrastructure / Structure
flexibility mechanical / electrical systems
heat andcooling largegroupvs. small grouploadon
space
capacity flexibility vs. economy
zonesfor capacityandvariableload
power locationflexibilityvs. roomlayout options,
capacity
light dimmingcontrol, natural vs. artificial
controls heating/lighting
accesstoallowchangelater
flexibility ITinfrastructure/ AVsystems
(inorder of priorityduringdesign)
infrastructureroutes
size capacity logical routing front?
topand/ or bottomfed?
teachingposition/ podium
consistent controlsroomtoroomtominimizefaculty
training
flexibility AV/ IT
real-worldnsf per personratios
floor-to-floor heightsbasedonimagesize
real-worldbudgets
schematicdesign casestudy
40seat computer
scienceclassroom
SXGAresolution
11pt. font
farthest viewer 30
3.5hscreenfactor
8.5hscreen
12 ceiling
schematicdesign casestudy
70seat computer
scienceclassroom
SXGAresolution
11pt. font
farthest viewer 42
3.5hscreenfactor
12hscreen
12 ceiling, oops!
schematicdesign casestudy
rotateroom90
degrees
bringfarthest
viewer closer
pop-uptheceiling
inthecenter
maintainscreen
sizetofarthest
viewer ratio9-6
12-9
8-0
100°
schematicdesign
student workspaceplanning
3-6
3-0
1-6
2-0
flexibility furniture
IDEO
Stanford Wallenberg Hall
flexibility furniture
Vecta
flexibility furniture&people
Vitra
resources
resources
whotoinvolve
developinggoals
analyzingexistingfacilities
projectingfutureneedsandlearningfromothers
conductingarealitycheck
exploringalternatives
evaluatingandrecommending
designingthefuture
Educause Review July/ August 05, Wedge&Kearnsp32-38
resources
DartmouthUniversity/
Coalitionfor NetworkedInformation
www.dartmouth.edu/-collab/
resources
SCALE-UP
Student CenteredActivitiesFor LargeEnrollment UndergraduatePrograms
http:/scaleup.programmedbydesign.com
NorthCarolinaStateUniversity
resources
EmoryUniversity CoxHall ComputingCenter
http:/cet.emory.edu/cox
resources
EDUCAUSELearningInitiative
www.educause.edu/eli
panel
MarkMaves, AIA
sr. vicepresident, SmithGroup
MartinSharpless, AIA
senior manager, GilbaneBuildingCompany
Copyright SmithGroup and Gilbane 2005. This work is the intellectual property of the author.
Permission is granted for this material to be shared for non-commercial, educational purposes,
provided that this copyright statement appears on the reproduced materials and notice is given
that the copying is by permission of the author. To disseminate otherwise or to republish requires
written permission from the author.

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