An RTI activist and newspaper uncovered a massive thorium scam involving the disappearance of over 2 million tons of monazite sand, equivalent to 195,300 tons of thorium, from India after 2004. Private companies were exporting radioactive minerals vital to India's nuclear program without restrictions after they were delisted from regulated substances by the Prime Minister's department. There are allegations that licensing authorities are not properly monitoring mining and exports, and that private exporters are being awarded for exporting prohibited substances.