E-Apostille Case Study:
Traditionally, countries issuing apostilles have always created and issued them using paper. These were printed and filled by hand, then attached to the document in question by a seal or adhesive.
Technological changes have made it possible to create and issue apostilles in digital formats, called e-apostilles.
These have become more popular as the digital record market, and digital verification of these documents grows.
https://apostillelondon.com/blog/e-apostille-case-study/
Know More Aboutb e-Apostille Case Study.pdfmarcelinSingh
Case study shows that E-Apostille use will grow by 24.39% to 5.1 million globally by 2024. Summary of key finding of the e-Apostille case study:
Since 2016, over 11 million e-apostilles have been issued worldwide.
Since 2018, over 2 million e-apostilles are issued worldwide every year.
Suggestions to improve European Online Payments Regulation - CleverAdviceCleverAdvice
According to available data, the payments industry has effectively managed online risk, with payment
fraud rates consistently declining at the European level over the last 6 years. Regardless, the European
Banking Authority has mandated strict guidelines that require Strong Customer Authentication (SCA) for
a number of online payment transactions.
SCA is a strict and burdensome process, requiring customers to actively intervene in authenticating all
transactions regardless of their risk. This negatively impacts the customer’s online experience and results
in increased transaction abandonment.
A valid alternative to SCA is Targeted Authentication, which applies authentication techniques
commensurate to the risks associated with each transaction, adjusting the level of customer intervention
accordingly. Targeted Authentication has proven to offer fraud prevention levels matching those of
traditional strong authentication techniques without deteriorating customer experience, ultimately
leading to higher conversion at checkout.
Regulators can ensure a high level of security and a low level of fraud by setting a quantitative fraud rate
level. Payment service providers that achieve levels of payment fraud at or below the determined rate
should be allowed to offer authentication techniques alternative to SCA.
This would provide more tangible benefits for consumers now and in the future than mandating a
technique and foster ongoing development of innovative fraud prevention solutions against continuous
and increasingly sophisticated fraudsters’ attacks.
The opportunity to offer authentication techniques that bring higher conversion would also stimulate
investments in innovation, healthy competition and e-commerce growth in Europe.
Know More Aboutb e-Apostille Case Study.pdfmarcelinSingh
Case study shows that E-Apostille use will grow by 24.39% to 5.1 million globally by 2024. Summary of key finding of the e-Apostille case study:
Since 2016, over 11 million e-apostilles have been issued worldwide.
Since 2018, over 2 million e-apostilles are issued worldwide every year.
Suggestions to improve European Online Payments Regulation - CleverAdviceCleverAdvice
According to available data, the payments industry has effectively managed online risk, with payment
fraud rates consistently declining at the European level over the last 6 years. Regardless, the European
Banking Authority has mandated strict guidelines that require Strong Customer Authentication (SCA) for
a number of online payment transactions.
SCA is a strict and burdensome process, requiring customers to actively intervene in authenticating all
transactions regardless of their risk. This negatively impacts the customer’s online experience and results
in increased transaction abandonment.
A valid alternative to SCA is Targeted Authentication, which applies authentication techniques
commensurate to the risks associated with each transaction, adjusting the level of customer intervention
accordingly. Targeted Authentication has proven to offer fraud prevention levels matching those of
traditional strong authentication techniques without deteriorating customer experience, ultimately
leading to higher conversion at checkout.
Regulators can ensure a high level of security and a low level of fraud by setting a quantitative fraud rate
level. Payment service providers that achieve levels of payment fraud at or below the determined rate
should be allowed to offer authentication techniques alternative to SCA.
This would provide more tangible benefits for consumers now and in the future than mandating a
technique and foster ongoing development of innovative fraud prevention solutions against continuous
and increasingly sophisticated fraudsters’ attacks.
The opportunity to offer authentication techniques that bring higher conversion would also stimulate
investments in innovation, healthy competition and e-commerce growth in Europe.
Move to e-commerce long overdue by US Secretary of State offices. The era of electronic filing has been with us now for twenty years. The world’s first fully electronic online business register emerged in New Zealand back in 1996. Since then, many uniform laws have been drafted in the U.S. to encourage the use of online record submissions and searching.
This white paper sets out the reasons for government to adopt contemporary technology solutions to deliver electronic registries.
Presentation given by Seema Hafeez, Sr. Economist, UN-DESA (Department of Economic and Social Affairs) on August 2nd, 2011 at eWorld Forum (www.eworldforum.net) in the session ICT Leader's Conclave
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WSIS+10 Overall Review of the Implementation of the WSIS OutcomesDr Lendy Spires
This document presents a review of the progress made in the implementation of Action Line C7 (E-business) since the first World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS) in 2003. It is based on the 10-Years Review Report Template contained in the WSIS Forum 2012: Outcome Document. As Action Line facilitators, the UN Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), the International Trade Centre (ITC) and the Universal Postal Union (UPU) have supported eight facilitation meetings in Geneva, since 2009 as part of the annual WSIS Forum.
These meetings have provided a venue for different stakeholders to exchange views and experiences with regard to trends, impact and policies related to e-business (box 1). Box 1. Action line facilitation meetings related to E-business, 2006-2013 E-business action line meetings have focused on a number of issues since 2005, covering the various aspects highlighted in the Geneva Plan of Action under e-business. The meetings have occasionally been organized jointly with other action lines. 2006: E-Business and and E-employment (with e-employment action line) 2007: ICTs, Global Supply Chains and Development (with e-employment action line) 2008: E-Commerce as a Key Facilitator for SME Competitiveness 2009: E-Business and Poverty Alleviation 2010: ICT and Rural Enterprise (with e-agriculture action line) 2011:
The Promise of Mobile Technology (with e-agriculture action line) 2012: Promoting the Domestic ICT Sector 2013: E-Commerce and Development Source: UNCTAD, ITC and UPU. In 2012-2013, the facilitators jointly organized an open consultation on the e- business action line. A wide range of stakeholders, such as trade bodies, international organizations, businesses, governments and civil society across the globe took part in the consultation. The findings of this process were presented at the WSIS+10 Review meeting held in Paris at the UNESCO Headquarters in February 2013.
In between the annual WSIS Forums and related meetings, the respective work programmes of the three co-facilitators have continuously supported the implementation of the action line on e-business. The International Labour Organization (ILO) was among the original co-facilitators of this action line but has not been active after 2008.
Our open letter to ARNECC requesting digital mortgage options be included as a priority consideration in 2016 to encourage an acceleration of take-up of mortgage transactions in PEXA.
Presentation held by Ms. Elena Stamatovska as a part of the Specific e-Government solutions for better business environment Session at the 8th SEEITA and 7th MASIT Open Days Conference, 14th-15th October, 2010
(Background report) Future-proofing eGovernment for a Digital Single MarketCapgemini
The eGovernment Benchmark provides insight into the state-of-play of the implementation of digital public
services in Europe. For this benchmark of eGovernment services is assessed in 33 participating countries, including all of the EU28. The assessment is done by Mystery Shoppers, who measure the quality and quantity of online public services by acting as a user.
Under review is a set of seven life events. Each life event is measured once every two years. In 2014, three life events were assessed: Starting up a business, Losing and
finding a job, and Studying. These three life events have also been assessed in 2012, allowing to compare European progress over time for the first time.
This report presents the basic analysis of the study and a detailed overview of the measurement and this year's life events. It is accompanied by an Insight Report, which
provides the main insights stemming from the facts.
The study consists of four top-level benchmarks, covering important EU policy priorities:
* User Centricity
* Transparency
* Cross Border Mobility
* Key enablers
Sample Report: COVID-19 Impact On Global E-Commerce & Online Payments May 202...yStats.com
Questions Covered in the report:
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- What do Q1 2020 online retail sales figures from the top -markets say about COVID-19’s impact?
- How does the pandemic influence the development of global online groceries, travel, fashion, gaming, education and other products and verticals?
- How do digital and contactless payments evolve during the COVID-19 outbreak?
- What are the main implications of the coronavirus pandemic for B2B E-Commerce?
Full report here: https://bit.ly/3PfGVaW
Covid 19 Impact on E-Commerce and Payments: Newsflash April 2-8, 2020yStats.com
This blog is part of a series of weekly insights that reveal the impact of the Coronavirus pandemic on global E-Commerce, Online Payment and many other vertical topics such as Online Travel, Cross-Border, Online Education etc.
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This white paper sets out the reasons for government to adopt contemporary technology solutions to deliver electronic registries.
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This document presents a review of the progress made in the implementation of Action Line C7 (E-business) since the first World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS) in 2003. It is based on the 10-Years Review Report Template contained in the WSIS Forum 2012: Outcome Document. As Action Line facilitators, the UN Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), the International Trade Centre (ITC) and the Universal Postal Union (UPU) have supported eight facilitation meetings in Geneva, since 2009 as part of the annual WSIS Forum.
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In between the annual WSIS Forums and related meetings, the respective work programmes of the three co-facilitators have continuously supported the implementation of the action line on e-business. The International Labour Organization (ILO) was among the original co-facilitators of this action line but has not been active after 2008.
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The study consists of four top-level benchmarks, covering important EU policy priorities:
* User Centricity
* Transparency
* Cross Border Mobility
* Key enablers
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2. Table of Contents
01 02 03
Key Findings Introduction The shift towards
e-apostilles
04 05 06
E-apostilles Acceptance of The e-APP and
issued globally the e-apostille its uses
07 08 09
Methods used to
send e-apostilles
The future of e-
apostilles
Summary of data
10 11
Methodology &
data
Resource List
3. Summaryof key findingof
the e-Apostillecase study:
Since 2016, over 11million e-apostilles have
been issued worldwide.
Since 2018, over 2 million e-apostilles have
been issued worldwide every year.
2019 marked a historic high in the number of
e-apostilles issued worldwide (3.5 million).
34% of all countries in the Hague Conference
issue and accept e-Apostilles.
41 Contracting Parties have implemented one
or both e-APP’s components.
Based on our forecast sheet, about 4.1 million
e-apostilles will be issued globally in 2022.
By 2024, approximately 5.1 million digital
apostilles will be issued worldwide annually.
E-apostille case study by
London Apostille Services Ltd.
hello@apostillelondon.com
+44 (0) 207 0500 692
01
4. Introduction
The 2006 Hague Conference launched the e-legalisation
process with the aim of modernising the apostille process [1].
Since September 2022, the UK government has begun
issuing e-apostilles to simplify document legalisation [2].
An e-apostille is a digital certificate attached to your
electronic documents to confirm their authenticity; it holds
the same authority as paper apostilles.
Its validity can be confirmed at an official online registry,
where the identification number of the electronic document
can be found and proved [3].
Thus, the e-legalisation process is not only free of forgeries
but also safer and environmentally friendly.
This case study analyses the Summary of Responses to the
Apostille Questionnaire 2021 [4].
We also give our own analysis of e-apostilles, their use and
trends.
E-apostille case study by
London Apostille Services Ltd.
hello@apostillelondon.com
+44 (0) 207 0500 692
02
5. Traditional methods such as in-person (86%) and postal services
(52%) remain the most dominant ways of requesting apostilles
worldwide.
However, there has been a notable shift towards e-apostilles
since 2016 [4].
By 2021, more people were applying for apostilles through
electronic means such as email (15%) and through a website
(34%).
This was a 7% and 17% increase in email transmissions and
website applications, respectively, from 2016.
The following table illustrates the shift from in-person and post
methods to electronic means (email and websites):
The shift towards
e-apostilles
E-apostille case study by
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03
6. Between 2016 and 2020, over 11million e-apostilles were issued
worldwide, compared to about 49 million paper apostilles [4].
The annual global issuance of e-apostilles rose from 1.3 million to
2.2 million between 2016 and 2020 (a 69.96% increase).
This increase is attributed to the effects of the pandemic and the
accelerated shift towards digital services.
With the suspension of in-person operations across the globe,
more people pursued e-legalisation.
E-apostille case study by
London Apostille Services Ltd.
hello@apostillelondon.com
+44 (0) 207 0500 692
04
7. The highest number of electronic apostilles was issued in 2019.
London Apostille Services Ltd.
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3.5 million e-apostilles were issued globally.
This was 27.5% of the paper apostilles issued that year
(approximately 12 million paper apostilles were issued).
2020 saw a marked decline in the number of e-apostilles issued
worldwide.
Only 2.1 million e-apostilles were issued that year.
This is not surprising given the pandemic’s social, economic, and
political impacts.
However, this was still 67% higher than the number of e-
apostilles issued in 2016.
This notable shift towards digital apostilles indicates that they
are more efficient, and the end-to-end process is more
straightforward for the legalisation office and the general public.
The following chart illustrates the global trends in e-apostille
issuance between 2016 and 2020 [4].
E-apostille case study by
05
8. Key Takeaways:
Over 11million e-apostilles were issued globally between
2016 and 2020, compared to 49 million paper apostilles.
There has been a 69.96% increase in e-apostilles issued
worldwide since 2016.
2019 saw a historic high in the number of e-apostilles issued
worldwide (3.5million e-apostilles were issued). The increase
is attributed to the pandemic and the shift to digital services.
E-apostille case study by
06
2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
4,000,000
London Apostille Services Ltd.
hello@apostillelondon.com
+44 (0) 207 0500 692
3,000,000
2,000,000
1,000,000
0
E-Apostilles issued Globally 2 0 1 6 - 2 0 2 0
9. By 2021, 34% of all the countries of the Hague Conference
issued and accepted e-apostilles. This translates to 41
Contracting Parties [5].
Countries such as Latvia, Columbia, Belgium, and Armenia
exclusively offer digital apostilles.
Additionally, 61% of the contracting parties who do not issue
digital certificates are studying them with the goal of
implementing the process in the future [4].
At least 52% of those who have not launched e-legalisation
cite implementation challenges as the primary impediment.
Other challenges that have been cited include cost, security
concerns, internal law limitations, and judicial or
administrative structure.
However, it has been suggested that participating in the e-
App forums and partnering with countries that have already
implemented the process will help overcome this challenge.
The contracting parties
that issue and accept
e-apostilles
E-apostille case study by
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07
10. 34% of all the Contracting Parties issue and accept e-
apostilles (41 countries).
61% are studying e-apostilles intending to implement
them.
52% of those who have not implemented e-apostilles cite
implementation challenges.
Key Takeaways:
E-apostille case study by
08
London Apostille Services Ltd.
hello@apostillelondon.com
+44 (0) 207 0500 692
11. Developed by the HCCH and America’s Nation Notary
Association, the e-APP promotes the use of e-apostilles and e-
registers that can be accessed online by the recipients to
confirm the validity of the digital apostille [6][8].
All contracting parties retain the discretion as to if and how
they implement the two components.
Each e-APP component can be executed independently.
In 2021, over 200 Competent Authorities from over 41
contracting parties had implemented one or both e-APP
components 9 (34%) [4].
This translates to a 29.3% increase from 2017 when only 29
countries had launched the e-APP.
Of the 41 Contracting parties, 18 have implemented both of the
e-APP’s components (e-register and e-apostilles).
This indicates the e-APP programme’s success and the
Apostille Convention’s increasing significance.
The e-APP
and its uses
E-apostille case study by
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+44 (0) 207 0500 692
09
12. Countries not launching the programme are encouraged to
collaborate with those who have already implemented it to
overcome implementation difficulties.
London Apostille Services Ltd.
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The following table illustrates the variations in some of the
challenges associated with implementing the e-APP.
E-apostille case study by
10
13. 34% of the contracting parties have launched at least one
of the E-APP’s components (41 countries).
15% of these countries have implemented e-apostilles and
e-registers (18 countries).
46% of the Contracting parties that have not launched the
E-APP are experiencing implementation issues with the e-
register and 52% with the e-apostilles.
Key Takeaways:
E-apostille case study by
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14. Most e-apostilles are issued either as a digitally signed PDF
attachment merged with the associated documents or as a
separate file along with the related documents.
By 2021, 21% of e-apostilles were transmitted via email, while
33% were via an online government platform [4].
The digital certificates can be stored in an online file and shared
as often as possible.
Approximately 54% of the Contracting Parties maintain an e-
register to confirm the validity of the digital apostilles [4].
This represents 22 Contracting parties with the e-APP.
Generally, countries that have already launched the e-APP
accept all e-apostilles issued.
Methods used to
send e-apostilles
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15. 21% of e-apostilles are transmitted via email, while 31% are
via an e-register.
About 22 Contracting parties maintain an e-register to
verify all e-apostilles.
Key Takeaways:
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16. The 2016 HCCH Special Commission predicted that the interest
in the Apostille Convention and the e-APP programme would
continue to increase among current and future signatories [5]
[9].
Since 2014, new signatories have joined the Convention,
including Australia, Austria, Chile, Romania, Tajikistan, Brazil,
Singapore and one state of Mexico, with many more expected to
join.
As of July 2022, there are 124 Contracting Parties in the
Apostille Convention (4 more since 2021) [7].
Not only is the overall number of Contracting Parties to the
Convention continuing to rise, but so too is the number of
countries that have launched one or both components of the e-
APP [5].
Since 2016, there has been a 69.96% increase in e-apostilles
issued worldwide.
The future of
e-apostilles
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17. With increased digitisation, more Contracting parties will likely
implement the e-APP. New signatories have also joined as e-
APP participants.
Based on the recorded findings of the ‘Summary of Responses
to the Apostille Questionnaire 2021’, we have come up with this
forecast sheet:
E-apostille case study by
15
2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
6,000,000
4,000,000
2,000,000
0
Total e-apostille issued worldwide
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Forecast (total e-apostilles issued worldwide)
Upper confidence bound (total e-apostilles
issued worldwide)
E-apostille growth forecast for 2024
5.1 million
18. This forecast indicates that about 4.1 million e-apostilles will be
issued globally in 2022.
In 2024, approximately 5.1 million digital apostilles will be
issued worldwide.
Based on these, it is evident that the popularity of e-apostilles
will continue to increase as more contracting parties implement
the e-APP by 2024.
The HCCH recognises the positive impact of the e-APP on
Apostille issuance and verification.
Thus, Competent Authorities for the current and future
Contracting Parties have been encouraged to implement both
e-APP components [4].
The 11th International Forum on the Electronic Apostille
Programme proposed establishing an expert group that
includes IT experts who can further support and improve the e-
APP.
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19. As of July 2022, there are 124 Contracting Parties in the
Apostille Convention.
At the end of 2022, approximately 4.1 million e-apostilles
will be issued worldwide.
Approximately 5.1 million electronic apostilles will be issued
globally in 2024.
Key Takeaways:
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20. Although paper apostilles are still popular (at 86%), countries
are shifting towards electronic apostilles.
Currently, over 34% of countries (41) in the Apostille
Convention accept e-legalisation and have one or both of the e-
App’s components.
79 Contracting parties have not launched the e-APP. However,
61% of these are studying the program for implementation in
the near future.
Other countries have cited multiple challenges with launching
the programme.
Based on our forecast sheet, we expect approximately 4.1
million e-apostilles to be issued by the end of 2022.
This is a testament to their increased popularity and
implementation of the e-APP.
Summary of
data
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21. For this case study, we have analysed the Summary of
Responses to the Apostille Questionnaire 2021 presented by
the HCCH in 2021.
The questionnaire covers the practical aspects of the apostille
issuance process, the e-APP programme and the data and
statistics relating to the Convention.
The Questionnaire includes data from 130 interested parties,
including all HCCH members and all the Contracting Parties of
the Apostille Convention.
For our research, we reviewed multiple publications from the
following websites: the HCCH apostille section and the UK and
U.S government websites focusing on electronic apostille.
These websites offer descriptive statistics on e-apostille trends.
All our statistical analyses, deductions and predictions are
based on the findings of the 2021 Apostille Questionnaire.
Methodology
& data
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22. This case study was written by experts and fact-checked by experts.
We only link to high-quality sources like government information &
data, original reporting and interviews with industry experts.
1.Background Note on the e-APP. (n.d.).
Retrieved from https://assets.hcch.net/docs/764f82b4-a8d6-
4073-8e1b-4db0f12c880e.pdf
2.Press release – UK legalises public documents electronically
https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-legalises-public-
documents-electronically-2-september-2022
3.Verify an Apostille
https://www.gov.uk/verify-apostille
4.Hague Conference on Private International Law Conférence de
La Haye de droit international privé. (n.d.). Retrieved from
https://assets.hcch.net/docs/145673d6-d49a-414b-9fcc-
ad0f9b32b7d8.pdf
5. HCCH | FAQ on the issuance and verification of an e-Apostille.
(n.d.). hcch.net. Retrieved October 14, 2022, from
https://www.hcch.net/es/publications-and-studies/details4/?
pid=5578
Resource List
E-apostille case study by
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23. 6. International Forum on e-Notarization and e-Apostilles
https://www.biicl.org/files/1520_hague_conference_-
_second_international_forum_on_e-notarization_and_e-
apostilles.pdf
7.Hague Apostille Country List. (n.d.). gsccca.org. Retrieved
October 16, 2022, from https://www.gsccca.org/notary-and-
apostilles/apostilles/hague-apostille-country-list
8.International: Electronic Apostille Program Developments. (n.d.).
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. 20540 USA. Retrieved from
https://www.loc.gov/item/global-legal-monitor/2017-03-
16/international-electronic-apostille-program-developments/
9.HCCH Membership Growth
https://assets.hcch.net/docs/e11314e9-9453-4f06-b159-
fa86d450f9ea.pdf
Competent Authorities
https://www.hcch.net/en/instruments/conventions/authorities1/?
cid=41
Contracting Parties
https://www.hcch.net/en/states/authorities
HCCH Members
https://www.hcch.net/en/states/hcch-members
Hague Convention Countries [Updated for 2022]
https://apostillelondon.com/hague-convention-countries/
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