It speaks of the curing procedures for excavated areas, column footings, plinth beams, columns, brickwork, and slabs/roofs; and related important points.
It describes external plaster procedure including preparation of the surface for plastering, groundwork, applying first, second and finishing coat of plaster, curing, causes of cracks, and other important points.
It covers complete R.C.C. slab casting procedure and important points related to the process such as recommended mix design, cube/slump tests, recommended values of concrete slump test for various purposes, walkways/platforms for casting purposes, concrete unloading, spreading, compaction and curing.
'DRISHTI' Chapter 12: Brick Masonry (ईंट की चिनाई) Vipin Bakiwala
It captures types of bricks, characteristics of good bricks, brick masonry construction procedure explaining about vital aspects such as brick purchasing, testing, storage and stacking of materials used for masonry, line-out, laying of bricks, horizontality, and verticality of masonry, holdfasts, dowels, raking of joints, R.C.C. band, dos, and don'ts, etc.
'DRISHTI' Chapter 16: Checklist for Contract Document (कॉन्ट्रैक्ट डॉक्युमेंट...Vipin Bakiwala
It provides a detailed contract document to be referred by the contractor before starting the construction. It mentions the duties, rights, liabilities, and responsibilities of a contractor before, during and after the construction as well as some other important points.
'DRISHTI' Chapter 11: Stone Masonry (पत्थर की चिनाई)Vipin Bakiwala
Captures types of stones commonly used in building construction, characteristics of stone to be used for masonry, procedures for random (un-coursed) rubble, coursed (squared) rubble and ashlar stone masonry each detailing about vital aspects such as size of stone, dressing of stone, P.C.C. bed, line-out, laying of stone, hearting of masonry, bond stones, quoin stones, jambs, joints, pointing of masonry, dowels, and curing, etc.
It speaks of the different types of scaffoldings, erection procedures, scafftags, important points of consideration and safety measures before, after and during scaffolding erection.
It describes external plaster procedure including preparation of the surface for plastering, groundwork, applying first, second and finishing coat of plaster, curing, causes of cracks, and other important points.
It covers complete R.C.C. slab casting procedure and important points related to the process such as recommended mix design, cube/slump tests, recommended values of concrete slump test for various purposes, walkways/platforms for casting purposes, concrete unloading, spreading, compaction and curing.
'DRISHTI' Chapter 12: Brick Masonry (ईंट की चिनाई) Vipin Bakiwala
It captures types of bricks, characteristics of good bricks, brick masonry construction procedure explaining about vital aspects such as brick purchasing, testing, storage and stacking of materials used for masonry, line-out, laying of bricks, horizontality, and verticality of masonry, holdfasts, dowels, raking of joints, R.C.C. band, dos, and don'ts, etc.
'DRISHTI' Chapter 16: Checklist for Contract Document (कॉन्ट्रैक्ट डॉक्युमेंट...Vipin Bakiwala
It provides a detailed contract document to be referred by the contractor before starting the construction. It mentions the duties, rights, liabilities, and responsibilities of a contractor before, during and after the construction as well as some other important points.
'DRISHTI' Chapter 11: Stone Masonry (पत्थर की चिनाई)Vipin Bakiwala
Captures types of stones commonly used in building construction, characteristics of stone to be used for masonry, procedures for random (un-coursed) rubble, coursed (squared) rubble and ashlar stone masonry each detailing about vital aspects such as size of stone, dressing of stone, P.C.C. bed, line-out, laying of stone, hearting of masonry, bond stones, quoin stones, jambs, joints, pointing of masonry, dowels, and curing, etc.
It speaks of the different types of scaffoldings, erection procedures, scafftags, important points of consideration and safety measures before, after and during scaffolding erection.
'DRISHTI' Chapter 4: Rebar Cutting and Bending (रीबार को काटना और बैंड करना)Vipin Bakiwala
It captures aspects such as pre-requisites of the process, bar bending schedule, the procedure for cutting, bending, placing and fixing of reinforcement bars, and the use of correct cover blocks.
It captures the anti-termite chemical treatment procedures, general requirements, site preparation before treatment, mode of application of chemicals, precautions for health hazards, safety measures and guarantees.
'DRISHTI' Chapter 2: Foundation (फाउंडेशन)Vipin Bakiwala
It speaks about the foundation procedure and its important aspects such as line-out, excavation, compaction, P.C.C. below the footing, column/wall layout, R.C.C., column starter and refilling of the excavated trench.
'DRISHTI' Chapter 1: Pre-Construction Requisites (कंस्ट्रक्शन से पहले की ज़रूर...Vipin Bakiwala
It speaks about the vital requisites before starting the actual construction on site such as the appointment of staff and assigning the duties, site survey, borewell, Bhoomi poojan, enclosing the site, field tests, water analysis, site office, the appointment of watchmen, storage of materials and site work schedule, etc.
We are VB Design Studio, Jaipur. This is a mood board we prepared for interior design of a Revolving restaurant. From Wallpaper to Waiting staff's attire, cutlery to curtains, tableware to tablecloths, color scheme to chandeliers, We imagined it all in this mood board.
For more visit www.architectvipinbakiwala.com.
'DRISHTI' Chapter 4: Rebar Cutting and Bending (रीबार को काटना और बैंड करना)Vipin Bakiwala
It captures aspects such as pre-requisites of the process, bar bending schedule, the procedure for cutting, bending, placing and fixing of reinforcement bars, and the use of correct cover blocks.
It captures the anti-termite chemical treatment procedures, general requirements, site preparation before treatment, mode of application of chemicals, precautions for health hazards, safety measures and guarantees.
'DRISHTI' Chapter 2: Foundation (फाउंडेशन)Vipin Bakiwala
It speaks about the foundation procedure and its important aspects such as line-out, excavation, compaction, P.C.C. below the footing, column/wall layout, R.C.C., column starter and refilling of the excavated trench.
'DRISHTI' Chapter 1: Pre-Construction Requisites (कंस्ट्रक्शन से पहले की ज़रूर...Vipin Bakiwala
It speaks about the vital requisites before starting the actual construction on site such as the appointment of staff and assigning the duties, site survey, borewell, Bhoomi poojan, enclosing the site, field tests, water analysis, site office, the appointment of watchmen, storage of materials and site work schedule, etc.
We are VB Design Studio, Jaipur. This is a mood board we prepared for interior design of a Revolving restaurant. From Wallpaper to Waiting staff's attire, cutlery to curtains, tableware to tablecloths, color scheme to chandeliers, We imagined it all in this mood board.
For more visit www.architectvipinbakiwala.com.
2. CURING | 1
CHAPTER – 7 CURING तराई
Concrete strength depends on the growth of crystals within the concrete matrix. These crystals grow
from a reaction between cement and water, known as hydration. If there isn't enough water, the
crystals can't grow and the concrete doesn't develop the strength it should. If there is enough water,
the crystals grow out like tiny rock-hard fingers wrapping around the sand and gravel in the mix and
intertwining with one another.
Thus, curing is not just maintaining satisfactory moisture on the concrete surface but giving the
concrete what it needs to gain strength properly.
कं क्रीट की मज़बूती कं क्रीट मैट्टिक्स के भीतर ट्क्रस्टल के ट्िकास पर ट्िभभर करती है। ये ट्क्रस्टल सीमेंट और पािी के बीच
एक प्रट्तट्क्रया से बढ़ते हैं, ट्िसे हाइड्रेशन कहते हैं। यट्ि पयाभप्त पािी िहींहै, तो ट्क्रस्टल ट्िकट्सत िहींहोंगे और कं क्रीट
को पयाभप्त मज़बूती िहींट्मल पायेगी। यट्ि पयाभप्त पािी है, तो ट्क्रस्टल इस तरह से ट्िकट्सत होंगे िैसे छोटी सख्त उँगट्लयों
द्वारा ट्मक्स में बिरी और रोड़ी को चारों तरफ से लपेटा गया हों और िे एक िू सरे के साथ िुड़े हुए हों।
इस प्रकार, तराई न के वल कं क्रीट की सतह पर संतोषजनक नमी बनाए रखने की प्रक्रक्रया है, बल्कि कं क्रीट को वह
ज़रूरी चीज़ देने की प्रक्रक्रया है क्रजससे वह उक्रचत मज़बूती पा सके ।
Another important aspect is temperature—the concrete can't be too cold or too hot. As fresh
concrete gets cooler, the hydration reaction slows down. Below about 50 F, hydration slows down
a lot; below about 40 F, it virtually stops.
अन्य महत्वपूर्भ पहलू है तापमान - कं क्रीट बहुत ठं डा या बहुत गमभ िहीं हो सकता। िैसे ही तािा कं क्रीट ठं डा होता है,
हाइडिेशि की प्रट्तट्क्रया धीमी हो िाती है। लगभग 50 F के िीचे, हाइडिेशि बहुत धीमा हो िाता है; और लगभग 40 F के
िीचे, यह ट्बलकु ल रुक िाता है।
Curing should be continued for minimum of 10 days for OPC and 14 days for Blended cement.
OPC के ट्लए कम से कम 10 ट्िि और ब्लेंडेड सीमेंट के ट्लए 14 ट्िि तक लगातार तराई करें।
3. CURING | 2
A. MATERIALS मटीररयल्स
WATER पािी
i. Quality of water used: Water used for
curing should not have any chemicals,
suspended muddy particles or organic
growth like algae, weeds, etc. Water which
is used for bathing can be used.
काम आने वाले पानी की गुणवत्ता: तराई के ट्लए
काम आिे िाले पािी में ट्कसी भी तरह के के ट्मकल्स,
ट्िलंट्बत कर िी गयी ट्मट्टी के कर् या काबभट्िक
उपि िैसे काई, िंगली घास आट्ि िहींहोिे चाट्हए।
िहािे के काम आिे िाले पािी को इस्तेमाल ट्कया िा
सकता है।
ii. Maximum permissible limits of solids
when tested in accordance with IS 3025
shall be as shown in table. (Image 2)
IS 3025 के अिुसार पािी में ठोस पिाथभ की
अट्धकतम अनुमत सीमा िाििे के ट्लए इस टेबल
में िेखें। (क्रचत्र 2)
iii. Water used for curing could be collected
through channels and reused for curing
purpose.
(Image 3)
तराई के ट्लए काम आये पािी को िालों के ज़ररये
इकट्ठा ट्कया िा सकता है और क्रिर से तराई के
क्रलए इस्तेमाल ट्कया िा सकता है। (क्रचत्र 3)
Image 1: Water for Curing
Image 3: Reuse of water, collected through
channels
Image 2: Permissible limits of Solids in Water
4. CURING | 3
B. CURING EQUIPMENTS तराई के उपकरण
1. Water sprinkling pipes
पािी का ट्छड़काि करिे के ट्लए पाइप्स
2. Water Pump
पािी का पंप
C. CURING PROCEDURE AND IMPORTANT POINTS तराई की प्रक्रक्रया और ज़रूरी बातें
1. Curing should start within 8-10 hours of
concrete completion i.e. when surface
is hard enough for a person to walk over
it without damaging the concrete.
(Image 4 & 5)
कं क्रीट के पूरे होने के 8-10 घंटों में तराई शुरू
कर िेिी चाट्हए, यािी, िब सतह इतिी मज़बूत
हो िाये की कोई आिमी कं क्रीट को ट्बिा
िुकसाि पहुचाये उस पर चल सके । (क्रचत्र 4 और
5)
Wall
Floor
Image 4 & 5: Concrete completion on wall and floor
5. CURING | 4
2. Curing of Excavated Area (Image 6)
खुदी हुई ज़मीन की तराई (क्रचत्र 6)
i. Pour water in soil with tanker, as it
consumes less time and help better
compaction.
क्रमट्टी में पानी टैंकर की मिि से डालें, ट्िससे
समय बचे और कम्पैक्शि बेहतर हो।
ii. Remember to maintain moisture
content of soil (12% -14%) during
compaction, by controlling water
quantity.
कम्पैक्शि के िौराि पािी की मात्रा ट्ियंट्त्रत
रखें ट्िससे क्रमट्टी में नमी 12%-14% बिी
रहे।
3. Curing Of Column Footings (Image 7 &
8)
कॉलम िु क्रटंग की तराई (क्रचत्र 7 और 8)
Always keep the concrete surface moist
and do not allow it to dry even for
shorter duration. Cure for at least 15
days.
कं क्रीट की सतह को हमेशा िम रखें और थोड़े
समय के ट्लए भी उसे सूखिे िा िें। 15 क्रदन तक
तराई करें।
Gunny bags should be used to avoid
wastage of water.
पािी को व्यथभ होिे से बचिे के ट्लए गन्नी बैग्स
इस्तेमाल करें।
Image 6: Curing of Excavated area
Image 7: Incorrect way of curing
Image 8: Correct way of curing, using gunny bags
6. CURING | 5
4. Curing of Plinth Beam
ल्कलंथ बीम की तराई
Wrap gunny bags around the plinth
beam and spray water at regular
intervals for at least 15 days. (Image 9)
तराई करिे के ट्लए गन्नी बैग्स को प्लंथ बीम के
चारों ओर लपेट िें और उस पर ट्ियट्मत अंतराल
में कम से कम 15 ट्िि तक पानी ड्ालें। (क्रचत्र
9)
5. Curing Of Column
कॉलम की तराई
Curing of column is done by hanging the
gunny bags around columns and
sprinkling water at regular intervals for
at least 15 days. (Image 10)
कॉलम की तराई करिे के ट्लए गन्नी बैग्स को
कॉलम के चारोंओर डाल िें और उस पर ट्ियट्मत
अंतराल में कम से कम 15 ट्िि तक पानी ड्ालें।
(क्रचत्र 10)
6. Curing Of Brickwork
क्रचनाई की तराई
Curing is essential before and after
plastering. Prefer sprinkling water from
above the wall to avoid wastage of
water. (Image 11 & 12)
लास्टर करिे से पहले और बाि में तराई करिा
ज़रूरी है। पािी को व्यथभ होिे से बचािे के ट्लए
पािी का ट्छड़काि िीिार के ऊपर की तरफ से
करें। (क्रचत्र 11 और 12)
Before plastering: Start within 12
hours. Duration depends on the quality
Image 9: Curing of Plinth Beam
Image 10: Curing of Column
Image 11: Incorrect way of curing of brickwork
7. CURING | 6
of mortar used. Cement sand mortar
should be cured for at least 7 days.
लास्टर से पहले: 12 घंटों के अंिर शुरू करें।
अिट्ध मोटाभर की गुर्ित्ता पर ट्िभभर करती है।
सीमेंट बिरी मोटाभर की कम से कम 7 ट्िि तक
तराई करें।
After plastering: Start curing within 24
hours of the final coat of plaster. Cure
the wall for 7 days and keep the cement
moist for total 15 days.
लास्टर के बाद: लास्टर के आप्खरी कोट के 24
घंटों में तराई शुरू कर िें। िीिार की 7 ट्िि तक
तराई करें और सीमेंट को 15 ट्िि तक िम रखें।
7. Curing Of Slab/Roof
स्लैब/छत की तराई
Earth or sand dykes (क्यारी) around the
perimeter of concrete surface should be
made for curing.
Cure it for at least 7 days. (Image 13)
तराई करिे के ट्लए हर कं क्रीट सतह के घेरे के
आस-पास क्यारी बिाएं और उस क्यारी में 7 ट्िि
तक पािी िाल कर रखें। (क्रचत्र 13)
8. Irregular/discontinuous curing results in
cracking of concrete. (Image 14)
अट्ियट्मत तराई से कं क्रीट में िरारें पड़ सकती
हैं। (क्रचत्र 14)
Image 12: Correct way of curing of brickwork
Image 13: Curing of Slab/Roof
Image 14: Cracks due to irregular curing