Acquired from www.Google.com

1. Double headed eagle stupa
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sirkap#Double-Headed_Eagle_Stupa
a Double-headed eagle is seated from which the name of the Stupa has
been derived. This motive is rather odd, to say the least, as it is
originally Babylonian. It seems to have spread to Scythia, and
introduced in the Punjabby the Saka rulers.
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IT HAD MANY ANCIENT USES
Let us venture still further back into antiquity and view the
double-headed eagle upon the royal arms of King
Sigismund of the Roman-Germanempire, in 1335, upon
the coinage of Malek el Salah in 1217, and upon a Moorish
drachma under the, Orthogide of Kaifaacar, Edm Mahmud,
of the same date. Indeed the Turkiman princes used it all
through the twelfth century, but it proudly floated upon
Byzantine banners as early as the year 1100 and we know not how long before.
In Germany we find the double-headed eagle used as the seal of the Count of
Wurzburg in 1202; it was the coat of arms of Henricus de Rodein 1276; while
Philip of Saxony bore it upon his shield in 1278. It was also the seal of the Bishop
of Cologne, who no doubtadopted it from the city arms.

2. As the arms of towns and cities in England, this emblem appears upon the official
seals of Salisbury, Perth, (Perthshire), Airedale and Lamark. In Holland and France
there are also numerous instances of its use.
As the badge of royal orders we find the two-headed bird upon the emblems of the
Austrian Order of the Iron Crown; in Russia upon the emblems of the Order of St.
Andrew, founded by Peter the Great in 1689; in Poland upon the emblem of the
Order of Military Merit, (founded May 24, 1792). As late as 1883, the King of
Serbia adopted it as the emblem of the Order of the Double-Headed Eagle,
commemorative of the restoration of the Serbian kingdom.
The Russian Order of St. Andrew uses the breast of the eagle upon which to
display the X cross with St Andrew, crucified upon it. Each eagle head is crowned
and crossed swordsrest upon the crowns with a larger crown above them. The
Polish Order of Military Merit has a white eagle displayed upon a Maltese cross
which rests upon the breast of a double-headed eagle, each of whose heads is
crowned.
But the double-headed eagle is not European in origin for its use depends upon the
contact of Europe with Asia Minor, and indeed with trade or warfare with the
Turks.
The Turkish name for this conspicuous emblem is HAMCA, and by this name they
call it when they see it carved upon the walls of ancient castles, upon time worn
coins or emblazoned upon frayed silken banners in ancient palaces.
Travellers in Asia Minor, indeed, are surprised by the frequency of the double-
headed eagle sculptures upon the castles of the Seljukian Turks, and upon the more
ancient monuments of the Hittites, whose civilization was at its height when the
Hebrews were wild tribesmen upon the Arabian plains. Among the Hittite ruins in
Cappadociathere are several of these notable ruins, an example being described by
Perrot and Chipiez, who write:

3. “Sculpture, whereby the peculiarities which permit Pterian monuments to be
classed in one distinct group, yields richer material to the student. Many are the
characteristic details which distinguish it; but none, we venture to say, can vie with
the double-headed eagle at Iasill Kaia, a type which we feel justified in ranging
among those properto Cappadocia, since it was unknown to Assyria, Egypt or
Phoenicia. Its position is always a conspicuous one, – about a great sanctuary, the
principal doorway of a palace, a castle wall, etc., rendering the suggestion that the
Pterians used the symbol as a coat of arms plausible if not certain.
It has been further urged that the city was symbolized by it, that the palace called
by the Greeks Pteris (Pteron, wing) was the literal translation it bore with the
Aborigines, that in a comprehensive sense it came to symbolize the whole district,
the country of wings, i. e., numerous eagles, double-headed eagles with wings
outstretched.”
The great city of Pteria, as Herodotus calls this unique dwelling place, was
destroyed by Croesus. The ruins and walls of this city, now known as Boghaz
Keui, (meaning Valley Village or Village in the Pass) have been examined with
particular interest by archaeologists, but principally by Perrot and Guillaume.
At the entrance of a palace these investigators found numerous rock sculptures,
mostly picturing the processions ofcertain royal or priestly personages. Egyptian
and Assyrian art motives predominate, but pure Hittite art is shown in the sculpture
of the double headed eagle, upon whose displayed wings two priestly figures stand.
At Eyuk, a similar eagle with two heads facing opposite directions clutches a large
hare with either foot. J. Garstang in his notable work, The Land of the Hittites,
mentions there bicephalous eagles and gives two plates illustrating the rock
carvings upon which they appear.