A handy concise online guide to help you with documentation of biodiversity in your school, college, office or a home backyard in a most cost-effective way.
Natural resources conservation and human wildlife conflictramkumarlodhi3
The document discusses natural resource conservation and human-wildlife conflict management. It notes that increasing human population and consumption are putting unsustainable pressure on natural resources like land and water. This is causing environmental degradation and climate change. It also leads to human-wildlife conflicts as animals and people compete for limited resources. The document emphasizes that effective management of natural resources through integrated conservation efforts is important for conflict prevention and sustainable development. It provides details on India's crocodile conservation program and the threats faced by crocodile habitats in India due to increasing human activities and development. It highlights the need for integrated conservation actions involving species protection, habitat management and addressing human needs to effectively mitigate human-crocodile conflicts.
This document provides an overview of biodiversity in India, including:
- India is considered a megadiversity nation with over 75,000 animal species and 45,000 plant species.
- Biodiversity exists at genetic, species, and ecosystem levels and provides consumptive, productive, social, ethical, and aesthetic value.
- India contains 10 distinct biogeographic zones with high biodiversity.
- Many species are endangered or endemic to certain regions in India, including the Indian wild ass, Kashmir stag, and Golden Langur.
This document summarizes key points about biodiversity conservation and protection of the environment. It defines biodiversity as the genetic variety within and between species, as well as different ecosystems. The importance of biodiversity is explained, including providing stability, genetic reserves, resources like medicine, food and materials, and aesthetic and scientific value. Threats to biodiversity such as extinction from environmental changes and loss of tropical forests are discussed. The document highlights endangered and threatened species, as well as examples of individuals making a difference through conservation efforts.
This document discusses how biodiversity provides benefits to ecosystems and all living creatures. It is important to maintain biodiversity as it provides food, water, and shelter. The research measured biodiversity in 5 locations around a college campus undergoing construction to see how disturbance affects biodiversity. The results showed locations further from a stream had less biodiversity, while the campus site had more biodiversity due to diverse habitats and transition areas. Preserving biodiversity through conservation of species and habitats is important for balanced ecosystems.
This document is a certificate certifying that a student named Talat Pravan completed a school project on biodiversity under the supervision of Mrs. Siprya Verma during the 2017-2018 academic year. The student thanks Mrs. Verma and the principal for the opportunity to do the project. The project contains sections on the value of biodiversity, types of biodiversity including genetic and species diversity, and factors affecting biodiversity.
This document defines biodiversity and discusses its types, values, distribution, and importance for balancing nature. It outlines threats like habitat loss and overexploitation, as well as conservation efforts. Key points include that biodiversity encompasses genetic, species, and ecosystem diversity, and provides values like consumption, production, social/cultural, and ecosystem services. Most biodiversity is in tropical regions. Anthropogenic threats endanger many species, but conventions aim to promote conservation.
Natural resources conservation and human wildlife conflictramkumarlodhi3
The document discusses natural resource conservation and human-wildlife conflict management. It notes that increasing human population and consumption are putting unsustainable pressure on natural resources like land and water. This is causing environmental degradation and climate change. It also leads to human-wildlife conflicts as animals and people compete for limited resources. The document emphasizes that effective management of natural resources through integrated conservation efforts is important for conflict prevention and sustainable development. It provides details on India's crocodile conservation program and the threats faced by crocodile habitats in India due to increasing human activities and development. It highlights the need for integrated conservation actions involving species protection, habitat management and addressing human needs to effectively mitigate human-crocodile conflicts.
This document provides an overview of biodiversity in India, including:
- India is considered a megadiversity nation with over 75,000 animal species and 45,000 plant species.
- Biodiversity exists at genetic, species, and ecosystem levels and provides consumptive, productive, social, ethical, and aesthetic value.
- India contains 10 distinct biogeographic zones with high biodiversity.
- Many species are endangered or endemic to certain regions in India, including the Indian wild ass, Kashmir stag, and Golden Langur.
This document summarizes key points about biodiversity conservation and protection of the environment. It defines biodiversity as the genetic variety within and between species, as well as different ecosystems. The importance of biodiversity is explained, including providing stability, genetic reserves, resources like medicine, food and materials, and aesthetic and scientific value. Threats to biodiversity such as extinction from environmental changes and loss of tropical forests are discussed. The document highlights endangered and threatened species, as well as examples of individuals making a difference through conservation efforts.
This document discusses how biodiversity provides benefits to ecosystems and all living creatures. It is important to maintain biodiversity as it provides food, water, and shelter. The research measured biodiversity in 5 locations around a college campus undergoing construction to see how disturbance affects biodiversity. The results showed locations further from a stream had less biodiversity, while the campus site had more biodiversity due to diverse habitats and transition areas. Preserving biodiversity through conservation of species and habitats is important for balanced ecosystems.
This document is a certificate certifying that a student named Talat Pravan completed a school project on biodiversity under the supervision of Mrs. Siprya Verma during the 2017-2018 academic year. The student thanks Mrs. Verma and the principal for the opportunity to do the project. The project contains sections on the value of biodiversity, types of biodiversity including genetic and species diversity, and factors affecting biodiversity.
This document defines biodiversity and discusses its types, values, distribution, and importance for balancing nature. It outlines threats like habitat loss and overexploitation, as well as conservation efforts. Key points include that biodiversity encompasses genetic, species, and ecosystem diversity, and provides values like consumption, production, social/cultural, and ecosystem services. Most biodiversity is in tropical regions. Anthropogenic threats endanger many species, but conventions aim to promote conservation.
This document provides an introduction to the Andhra Pradesh Biodiversity Field Guide published by the Andhra Pradesh State Biodiversity Board and World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF). It was created to help identify and document biodiversity in Andhra Pradesh, which contains over 2,800 plant and 5,757 animal species across diverse ecosystems like forests, grasslands, wetlands and agricultural areas. The guide is intended to raise awareness about biodiversity conservation and assist in preparing People's Biodiversity Registers at the local level as mandated by India's Biological Diversity Act of 2002.
This document discusses biodiversity conservation. It begins by defining biodiversity as the variety of living organisms on Earth, including ecosystems and genetic diversity within species. Biodiversity is important for maintaining ecological balance. The document then discusses biodiversity conservation methods, including in-situ conservation of protecting species within their natural habitats through national parks, wildlife sanctuaries, biosphere reserves, and sacred groves. Ex-situ conservation protects species outside their natural habitats in botanical gardens, zoological parks, and gene banks. The goal of conservation efforts is to protect biodiversity for future generations.
This document discusses biodiversity conservation. It begins by defining biodiversity as the variety of living organisms on Earth, including ecosystems and genetic diversity within species. Maintaining biodiversity is important for ecological balance. The document then discusses threats to biodiversity from human activity and the need for conservation. It outlines two main approaches: in-situ conservation of species within their natural habitats, including through national parks and wildlife sanctuaries; and ex-situ conservation of species outside their natural habitats, including through zoos, botanical gardens, and gene banks. The goal is to educate about biodiversity and promote its conservation.
Biodiversity refers to the variety of life on Earth, including plants, animals and microorganisms. The document discusses biodiversity at the global, national and local levels. It also outlines several threats to biodiversity such as habitat destruction, pollution, invasive species, overexploitation, and poaching. Conservation efforts aim to protect biodiversity through both in-situ and ex-situ methods.
This document is an introduction to a textbook on biodiversity for 8th standard students. It discusses key topics like the definition of biodiversity, the different levels of biodiversity including genetic, species and ecosystem diversity. It also addresses the importance of biodiversity, the major threats to biodiversity like habitat loss and overexploitation, and methods for biodiversity conservation including both in-situ and ex-situ approaches. The textbook aims to help students learn about biodiversity in an interactive way through illustrations, activities and assessments.
This document discusses the conservation of biodiversity. It begins by defining biodiversity as the variety of life on Earth, including plants, animals, fungi and microorganisms. It then describes the different levels of biodiversity from genetic to species to ecological diversity. The importance of biodiversity is discussed, noting that diverse ecosystems tend to be more stable and productive. Methods of conservation are also outlined, including in-situ conservation of natural habitats and ex-situ conservation of endangered species in controlled environments like zoos and botanical gardens. The global and individual approaches to conserving biodiversity are also summarized.
The document discusses biodiversity, its documentation, and India's efforts to conserve biodiversity through the Biological Diversity Act of 2002. It was established that biodiversity first needs repeatable documentation protocols. India formed the National Biodiversity Authority and state biodiversity boards to implement the Act through People's Biodiversity Registers that document local communities' traditional knowledge with their involvement. Proper documentation of biological resources and traditional knowledge is essential to respecting and safeguarding India's biodiversity.
This document is an introduction to a digital textbook on basic science for 8th standard. It discusses biodiversity at different levels, including genetic, species and ecosystem diversity. It explains that biodiversity is highest in tropical regions. It also outlines some of the main causes of biodiversity loss, like habitat loss, climate change, overexploitation and invasive species. The textbook will cover lessons on biodiversity, its importance, reasons for depletion, and methods of conservation. In-situ conservation methods discussed include biosphere reserves, national parks, wildlife sanctuaries and sacred groves. The document aims to make science learning an enjoyable experience for students.
This document discusses biodiversity and its conservation. It defines biodiversity as the variety of life on Earth, including diversity at the genetic, species, and ecosystem levels. It notes that scientists have identified over 1.4 million species so far, but many more remain unknown. Biodiversity provides many benefits to humans, such as food, medicine, and ecosystem services. However, biodiversity is threatened by habitat loss, pollution, overexploitation, and other human impacts. The document discusses strategies for conserving biodiversity, including protecting habitats through systems of protected areas (in situ conservation) and off-site conservation methods like seed banks and zoos (ex situ conservation).
This document discusses biodiversity and its conservation. It defines biodiversity as the variety of life, including genetic diversity within and between species and ecosystems. It notes that biodiversity provides many benefits but is being lost due to human impacts like habitat destruction and climate change. Conservation efforts aim to protect biodiversity through both in-situ and ex-situ methods, with in-situ involving protected areas and ex-situ including zoos and seed banks. International agreements like the Convention on Biological Diversity also support biodiversity conservation. However, conservation faces challenges in balancing human livelihoods and development with protecting biodiversity for the future.
This document provides an overview of a course on biodiversity conservation. The course aims to provide students with knowledge of basic biodiversity concepts and for students to be able to identify biodiversity resources and challenges, describe ecological functions, and design conservation solutions. The document outlines the expected learning outcomes, course content including definitions and descriptions of biodiversity, threats to biodiversity, and conservation methods. It also lists the instructional materials, assessment methods and recommended reference materials for the course.
India has high biodiversity due to its varied climate and habitats. It is home to 10% of the world's species, including 7.31% of global fauna, despite having only 2.4% of the world's land area. To protect this biodiversity, India has established a network of 668 protected areas covering over 1.61 million square kilometers, or 4.9% of India's total area. These protected areas include 102 national parks, 515 wildlife sanctuaries, 47 conservation reserves, and 4 community reserves.
This document discusses arguments for preserving biodiversity. It notes that biodiversity provides direct values like food sources and natural products, as well as many indirect values. These indirect values include ecosystem productivity, scientific/educational value, biological control, genetic resources, environmental monitoring, recreation, human health, human rights, intrinsic value, and facilitating future conservation efforts. The document also discusses international conventions and protected area design. It evaluates approaches to conservation at the species, area, and ecosystem levels and considers debates around reserve size and design.
The document discusses scaling up biodiversity management for resilience and sustainability. It notes M.S. Swaminathan's pioneering contributions in areas like the green revolution and farmers' rights. International law on biodiversity and genetic resources needs further development to build resilience and sustainability through exploration and discovery. Research and education in agro-ecology technology also needs enhancing to achieve biotech-led solutions in applied genetics and plant breeding.
This document discusses biodiversity and conservation. It defines biodiversity as the variability among living organisms, including diversity within and between species and ecosystems. It notes key goals of the Convention on Biological Diversity including conservation, sustainable use, and equitable benefit-sharing. It then discusses factors influencing biodiversity, threats like habitat loss and climate change, and the ecological, economic, and scientific roles of biodiversity. The document provides information on biodiversity in India and conservation efforts there like the Biological Diversity Act. It summarizes India's rich biodiversity and threats facing it.
This document discusses ex-situ conservation. Ex-situ conservation involves protecting endangered species outside of their natural habitats, such as in zoos, botanical gardens, seed banks, and captive breeding programs. The document provides examples of ex-situ conservation, including seed banks and gene banks. It also discusses the California condor captive breeding program as a case study of a successful ex-situ conservation effort that helped save the species from extinction.
Biodiversity refers to the variety of living organisms on Earth. It exists at genetic, species, and ecosystem levels and took millions of years to accumulate. Species diversity stabilizes ecosystems and increases productivity, as shown in long-term experiments. Loss of species is likened to removing rivets from an airplane, eventually compromising its integrity. Biodiversity conservation has narrow economic, broad ecosystem, and ethical justifications and occurs in situ through protected areas and ex situ through zoos and seed banks. International conventions like the Convention on Biological Diversity promote global cooperation on these efforts.
The document discusses biodiversity, including its definition, types (species, ecosystem, genetic), distribution around the world, importance for balance of nature, benefits, threats, conservation efforts, status in India, and international conventions. It notes that biodiversity provides food, fuel, medicine and more, regulates climate and supports ecosystems, but is threatened by habitat loss and other human impacts. Conservation requires protecting habitats and species, restoring ecosystems, environmental education, and international cooperation.
The document discusses Dr. Saurabh Kumar, the Head of the Department of Botany at Khandelwal College of Management Science & Technology in Bareilly. It covers various topics related to natural resource conservation like in situ conservation methods, national parks, wildlife sanctuaries, biosphere reserves, wetlands, mangroves, and ex situ conservation. It defines these terms and provides examples of important national parks, biosphere reserves, and wetlands in India. It also discusses the importance of conserving biodiversity hotspots and threatened species.
This document provides an introduction to the Andhra Pradesh Biodiversity Field Guide published by the Andhra Pradesh State Biodiversity Board and World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF). It was created to help identify and document biodiversity in Andhra Pradesh, which contains over 2,800 plant and 5,757 animal species across diverse ecosystems like forests, grasslands, wetlands and agricultural areas. The guide is intended to raise awareness about biodiversity conservation and assist in preparing People's Biodiversity Registers at the local level as mandated by India's Biological Diversity Act of 2002.
This document discusses biodiversity conservation. It begins by defining biodiversity as the variety of living organisms on Earth, including ecosystems and genetic diversity within species. Biodiversity is important for maintaining ecological balance. The document then discusses biodiversity conservation methods, including in-situ conservation of protecting species within their natural habitats through national parks, wildlife sanctuaries, biosphere reserves, and sacred groves. Ex-situ conservation protects species outside their natural habitats in botanical gardens, zoological parks, and gene banks. The goal of conservation efforts is to protect biodiversity for future generations.
This document discusses biodiversity conservation. It begins by defining biodiversity as the variety of living organisms on Earth, including ecosystems and genetic diversity within species. Maintaining biodiversity is important for ecological balance. The document then discusses threats to biodiversity from human activity and the need for conservation. It outlines two main approaches: in-situ conservation of species within their natural habitats, including through national parks and wildlife sanctuaries; and ex-situ conservation of species outside their natural habitats, including through zoos, botanical gardens, and gene banks. The goal is to educate about biodiversity and promote its conservation.
Biodiversity refers to the variety of life on Earth, including plants, animals and microorganisms. The document discusses biodiversity at the global, national and local levels. It also outlines several threats to biodiversity such as habitat destruction, pollution, invasive species, overexploitation, and poaching. Conservation efforts aim to protect biodiversity through both in-situ and ex-situ methods.
This document is an introduction to a textbook on biodiversity for 8th standard students. It discusses key topics like the definition of biodiversity, the different levels of biodiversity including genetic, species and ecosystem diversity. It also addresses the importance of biodiversity, the major threats to biodiversity like habitat loss and overexploitation, and methods for biodiversity conservation including both in-situ and ex-situ approaches. The textbook aims to help students learn about biodiversity in an interactive way through illustrations, activities and assessments.
This document discusses the conservation of biodiversity. It begins by defining biodiversity as the variety of life on Earth, including plants, animals, fungi and microorganisms. It then describes the different levels of biodiversity from genetic to species to ecological diversity. The importance of biodiversity is discussed, noting that diverse ecosystems tend to be more stable and productive. Methods of conservation are also outlined, including in-situ conservation of natural habitats and ex-situ conservation of endangered species in controlled environments like zoos and botanical gardens. The global and individual approaches to conserving biodiversity are also summarized.
The document discusses biodiversity, its documentation, and India's efforts to conserve biodiversity through the Biological Diversity Act of 2002. It was established that biodiversity first needs repeatable documentation protocols. India formed the National Biodiversity Authority and state biodiversity boards to implement the Act through People's Biodiversity Registers that document local communities' traditional knowledge with their involvement. Proper documentation of biological resources and traditional knowledge is essential to respecting and safeguarding India's biodiversity.
This document is an introduction to a digital textbook on basic science for 8th standard. It discusses biodiversity at different levels, including genetic, species and ecosystem diversity. It explains that biodiversity is highest in tropical regions. It also outlines some of the main causes of biodiversity loss, like habitat loss, climate change, overexploitation and invasive species. The textbook will cover lessons on biodiversity, its importance, reasons for depletion, and methods of conservation. In-situ conservation methods discussed include biosphere reserves, national parks, wildlife sanctuaries and sacred groves. The document aims to make science learning an enjoyable experience for students.
This document discusses biodiversity and its conservation. It defines biodiversity as the variety of life on Earth, including diversity at the genetic, species, and ecosystem levels. It notes that scientists have identified over 1.4 million species so far, but many more remain unknown. Biodiversity provides many benefits to humans, such as food, medicine, and ecosystem services. However, biodiversity is threatened by habitat loss, pollution, overexploitation, and other human impacts. The document discusses strategies for conserving biodiversity, including protecting habitats through systems of protected areas (in situ conservation) and off-site conservation methods like seed banks and zoos (ex situ conservation).
This document discusses biodiversity and its conservation. It defines biodiversity as the variety of life, including genetic diversity within and between species and ecosystems. It notes that biodiversity provides many benefits but is being lost due to human impacts like habitat destruction and climate change. Conservation efforts aim to protect biodiversity through both in-situ and ex-situ methods, with in-situ involving protected areas and ex-situ including zoos and seed banks. International agreements like the Convention on Biological Diversity also support biodiversity conservation. However, conservation faces challenges in balancing human livelihoods and development with protecting biodiversity for the future.
This document provides an overview of a course on biodiversity conservation. The course aims to provide students with knowledge of basic biodiversity concepts and for students to be able to identify biodiversity resources and challenges, describe ecological functions, and design conservation solutions. The document outlines the expected learning outcomes, course content including definitions and descriptions of biodiversity, threats to biodiversity, and conservation methods. It also lists the instructional materials, assessment methods and recommended reference materials for the course.
India has high biodiversity due to its varied climate and habitats. It is home to 10% of the world's species, including 7.31% of global fauna, despite having only 2.4% of the world's land area. To protect this biodiversity, India has established a network of 668 protected areas covering over 1.61 million square kilometers, or 4.9% of India's total area. These protected areas include 102 national parks, 515 wildlife sanctuaries, 47 conservation reserves, and 4 community reserves.
This document discusses arguments for preserving biodiversity. It notes that biodiversity provides direct values like food sources and natural products, as well as many indirect values. These indirect values include ecosystem productivity, scientific/educational value, biological control, genetic resources, environmental monitoring, recreation, human health, human rights, intrinsic value, and facilitating future conservation efforts. The document also discusses international conventions and protected area design. It evaluates approaches to conservation at the species, area, and ecosystem levels and considers debates around reserve size and design.
The document discusses scaling up biodiversity management for resilience and sustainability. It notes M.S. Swaminathan's pioneering contributions in areas like the green revolution and farmers' rights. International law on biodiversity and genetic resources needs further development to build resilience and sustainability through exploration and discovery. Research and education in agro-ecology technology also needs enhancing to achieve biotech-led solutions in applied genetics and plant breeding.
This document discusses biodiversity and conservation. It defines biodiversity as the variability among living organisms, including diversity within and between species and ecosystems. It notes key goals of the Convention on Biological Diversity including conservation, sustainable use, and equitable benefit-sharing. It then discusses factors influencing biodiversity, threats like habitat loss and climate change, and the ecological, economic, and scientific roles of biodiversity. The document provides information on biodiversity in India and conservation efforts there like the Biological Diversity Act. It summarizes India's rich biodiversity and threats facing it.
This document discusses ex-situ conservation. Ex-situ conservation involves protecting endangered species outside of their natural habitats, such as in zoos, botanical gardens, seed banks, and captive breeding programs. The document provides examples of ex-situ conservation, including seed banks and gene banks. It also discusses the California condor captive breeding program as a case study of a successful ex-situ conservation effort that helped save the species from extinction.
Biodiversity refers to the variety of living organisms on Earth. It exists at genetic, species, and ecosystem levels and took millions of years to accumulate. Species diversity stabilizes ecosystems and increases productivity, as shown in long-term experiments. Loss of species is likened to removing rivets from an airplane, eventually compromising its integrity. Biodiversity conservation has narrow economic, broad ecosystem, and ethical justifications and occurs in situ through protected areas and ex situ through zoos and seed banks. International conventions like the Convention on Biological Diversity promote global cooperation on these efforts.
The document discusses biodiversity, including its definition, types (species, ecosystem, genetic), distribution around the world, importance for balance of nature, benefits, threats, conservation efforts, status in India, and international conventions. It notes that biodiversity provides food, fuel, medicine and more, regulates climate and supports ecosystems, but is threatened by habitat loss and other human impacts. Conservation requires protecting habitats and species, restoring ecosystems, environmental education, and international cooperation.
The document discusses Dr. Saurabh Kumar, the Head of the Department of Botany at Khandelwal College of Management Science & Technology in Bareilly. It covers various topics related to natural resource conservation like in situ conservation methods, national parks, wildlife sanctuaries, biosphere reserves, wetlands, mangroves, and ex situ conservation. It defines these terms and provides examples of important national parks, biosphere reserves, and wetlands in India. It also discusses the importance of conserving biodiversity hotspots and threatened species.
Optimizing Post Remediation Groundwater Performance with Enhanced Microbiolog...Joshua Orris
Results of geophysics and pneumatic injection pilot tests during 2003 – 2007 yielded significant positive results for injection delivery design and contaminant mass treatment, resulting in permanent shut-down of an existing groundwater Pump & Treat system.
Accessible source areas were subsequently removed (2011) by soil excavation and treated with the placement of Emulsified Vegetable Oil EVO and zero-valent iron ZVI to accelerate treatment of impacted groundwater in overburden and weathered fractured bedrock. Post pilot test and post remediation groundwater monitoring has included analyses of CVOCs, organic fatty acids, dissolved gases and QuantArray® -Chlor to quantify key microorganisms (e.g., Dehalococcoides, Dehalobacter, etc.) and functional genes (e.g., vinyl chloride reductase, methane monooxygenase, etc.) to assess potential for reductive dechlorination and aerobic cometabolism of CVOCs.
In 2022, the first commercial application of MetaArray™ was performed at the site. MetaArray™ utilizes statistical analysis, such as principal component analysis and multivariate analysis to provide evidence that reductive dechlorination is active or even that it is slowing. This creates actionable data allowing users to save money by making important site management decisions earlier.
The results of the MetaArray™ analysis’ support vector machine (SVM) identified groundwater monitoring wells with a 80% confidence that were characterized as either Limited for Reductive Decholorination or had a High Reductive Reduction Dechlorination potential. The results of MetaArray™ will be used to further optimize the site’s post remediation monitoring program for monitored natural attenuation.
Evolving Lifecycles with High Resolution Site Characterization (HRSC) and 3-D...Joshua Orris
The incorporation of a 3DCSM and completion of HRSC provided a tool for enhanced, data-driven, decisions to support a change in remediation closure strategies. Currently, an approved pilot study has been obtained to shut-down the remediation systems (ISCO, P&T) and conduct a hydraulic study under non-pumping conditions. A separate micro-biological bench scale treatability study was competed that yielded positive results for an emerging innovative technology. As a result, a field pilot study has commenced with results expected in nine-twelve months. With the results of the hydraulic study, field pilot studies and an updated risk assessment leading site monitoring optimization cost lifecycle savings upwards of $15MM towards an alternatively evolved best available technology remediation closure strategy.
Improving the viability of probiotics by encapsulation methods for developmen...Open Access Research Paper
The popularity of functional foods among scientists and common people has been increasing day by day. Awareness and modernization make the consumer think better regarding food and nutrition. Now a day’s individual knows very well about the relation between food consumption and disease prevalence. Humans have a diversity of microbes in the gut that together form the gut microflora. Probiotics are the health-promoting live microbial cells improve host health through gut and brain connection and fighting against harmful bacteria. Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus are the two bacterial genera which are considered to be probiotic. These good bacteria are facing challenges of viability. There are so many factors such as sensitivity to heat, pH, acidity, osmotic effect, mechanical shear, chemical components, freezing and storage time as well which affects the viability of probiotics in the dairy food matrix as well as in the gut. Multiple efforts have been done in the past and ongoing in present for these beneficial microbial population stability until their destination in the gut. One of a useful technique known as microencapsulation makes the probiotic effective in the diversified conditions and maintain these microbe’s community to the optimum level for achieving targeted benefits. Dairy products are found to be an ideal vehicle for probiotic incorporation. It has been seen that the encapsulated microbial cells show higher viability than the free cells in different processing and storage conditions as well as against bile salts in the gut. They make the food functional when incorporated, without affecting the product sensory characteristics.
Kinetic studies on malachite green dye adsorption from aqueous solutions by A...Open Access Research Paper
Water polluted by dyestuffs compounds is a global threat to health and the environment; accordingly, we prepared a green novel sorbent chemical and Physical system from an algae, chitosan and chitosan nanoparticle and impregnated with algae with chitosan nanocomposite for the sorption of Malachite green dye from water. The algae with chitosan nanocomposite by a simple method and used as a recyclable and effective adsorbent for the removal of malachite green dye from aqueous solutions. Algae, chitosan, chitosan nanoparticle and algae with chitosan nanocomposite were characterized using different physicochemical methods. The functional groups and chemical compounds found in algae, chitosan, chitosan algae, chitosan nanoparticle, and chitosan nanoparticle with algae were identified using FTIR, SEM, and TGADTA/DTG techniques. The optimal adsorption conditions, different dosages, pH and Temperature the amount of algae with chitosan nanocomposite were determined. At optimized conditions and the batch equilibrium studies more than 99% of the dye was removed. The adsorption process data matched well kinetics showed that the reaction order for dye varied with pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order. Furthermore, the maximum adsorption capacity of the algae with chitosan nanocomposite toward malachite green dye reached as high as 15.5mg/g, respectively. Finally, multiple times reusing of algae with chitosan nanocomposite and removing dye from a real wastewater has made it a promising and attractive option for further practical applications.
1. What’s in my backyard?
Documenting the biodiversity
A handy learning resource for biodiversity assessment
DR. MITRAJIT DEB
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
THE ASSAM ROYAL GLOBAL UNIVERSITY
BETKUCHI, GHY- 35
2. It is that range of biodiversity that
we must care for - the whole thing
- rather than just one or two stars.
– Sir David Attenborough
4. Studying backyard Biodiversity
• One of the best and economical ways to study
biodiversity
• Leads to increase in general appreciation of
biodiversity and empathy in children, youths
and adults
• Understanding of native plants and animals
• Knowledge of medicinal plants
5.
6. Why document backyard biodiversity?
• Wildlife wealth
• Data to save our green spaces
• Identification of native species
• Better knowledge of urban ecosystem
8. Biodiversity in my background: Guwahati
Birds
Reptilia
Amphibia
Mammalia
Butterfly
Aracnida
Coloeptera
Odonata
Other
invertebrates
9. DATA FROM A QUICK BACKYARD
BIODIVERSITY (10mins)
Place: Padmapur, Tripura
Date: 31st October 2019
Floral species: G. pentaphylla
Fauna species: 6 butterfly, 1 Lycanidae
caterpillar, 1 woodspider
10. What do you need?
• A mobile phone or a camera
• Field Guides
• Freely available online resources (e.g-
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/)
Yes, yes, that’s it. With so less, you can make the
most out of your backyard in your home,
institution or office.