Diversity and Inclusion

1. NORIEL V. MONTANO
EDC110
Current Trends and Issues
DIVERSITY
&
INCLUSION

2. ADDRESSING
DIVERSITY IN
EDUCATIONAL
SETTING

4. What is Diversity?
“Diversity means different things to different people.”
According to Merriam Webster, it is simply the condition
of having or being composed of differing elements.
The term is generally defined as “race, ethnicity, class,
gender, sexual orientation, age, religion, and disability
differences among people”. (White, 2004)

5. What is Diversity?
According to UNESCO (2017), Diversity
corresponds to people’s differences which may
relate to their race, ethnicity, gender, sexual
orientation, language, culture, religion, mental
and physical ability, class, and immigration status.

6. According to Moreu, Isenberg and Brauer (2021),
diversity interventions increasingly focus on changing
behaviors rather than mental constructs such as bias or
attitudes.
As Educational Managers, how do we address Diversity?

7. *focus on the target audience
*try to get people to adopt the target behaviors
*address in the intervention the barriers and benefits
As Educational Managers, how do we address Diversity?

8. Here are some crucial factors and tactics to address diversity:
Foster a Culture of Inclusivity
Diverse Staff and Faculty
Integration of Curriculum
Inclusive Policies
Student Support and Engagement
Community Engagement
Gathering and Analyzing Data
Continuous Education & Training

9. Foster a Culture of Inclusivity
• Encourage a culture that recognizes and
honors diversity
• Make certain that every employee is dedicated
to fostering an inclusive workplace.
• Encourage knowledge and comprehension of
other people's cultures, origins, and
viewpoints.

11. Diverse Staff and Faculty
• Hire and keep a diverse workforce of
teachers and personnel.
• Offer chances for professional development
that tackle inclusive teaching methods and
cultural competency.
• Promote diversity in positions of leadership
to better represent the student body.

12. Integration of Curriculum
“Program directors emphasized the
need for flexibility because of
variations in size, composition, and
resources of graduate public policy
and administration programs.”
(Wyatt-Nichol & Antwi-Boasiako,
2008)

13. Integration of Curriculum
• Incorporate a variety of viewpoints into the
curriculum.
• Make sure all teaching aids and materials are
responsive to and appropriate to various
cultural contexts.
• Urge educators to use a variety of case
studies and examples in their teaching.

14. Inclusive Policies
• Create and put into effect policies that
support giving all pupils equal chances.
• In the event of prejudice or discrimination,
take immediate, decisive action.
• Create support networks to aid students
from marginalized communities.

15. Inclusive Policies
Republic Act (RA) 11650
• The Republic Act (RA) 11650 mandates all
public schools nationwide to identify
learners with special needs and provide
them with free basic and quality
education23. The law also provides that no
learner shall be denied admission based on
their disability3. All cities and municipalities
are required to have at least one Inclusive
Learning Resource Center (ILRC)2.

16. Inclusive Policies
• 1987 Philippine Constitution and
the Indigenous
• Peoples Rights Act (IPRA) of
1997
• National Indigenous Peoples (IP)
Education Policy Framework,

17. Multigrade Education Program Special Education Program
Indigenous People’s Education Program Flexible Learning Options
-Alternative Learning Systems
-ALS-Education Skills and Training
Madrasah Education Program

18. Student Support and
Engagement
“Engaged students take pride not
only in earning the formal indicators
of success (e.g., grades), but in
understanding the material and
incorporating it into their lives.”
(Wilson, Summers & Wright, 2011)

19. Student Support and
Engagement
• Offer tools and services to enhance the
academic success of students from a variety
of backgrounds.
• Establish mentoring programs that pair
students with mentors who have comparable
experiences or backgrounds.
• Support student-run projects that advance
inclusivity and diversity.

20. Community Engagement
• Work together with community members,
parents, and guardians to recognize and
meet a range of needs.
• Form alliances with neighborhood groups
that assist marginalized populations.
• Plan celebrations of diversity and include
the larger community through events and
activities.

21. Gathering and Analyzing Data
• To find discrepancies, gather and examine
data on attendance, disciplinary actions, and
student achievement.
• Utilize data to guide decisions and, if needed,
carry out focused interventions.
• Evaluate the effects of diversity programs on
the classroom as a whole on a regular basis.

22. Continuous Education & Training
• Continually train teachers and staff on
inclusion, diversity, and cultural
competency.
• Keep up with the latest findings and
recommended procedures for handling
diversity in educational environments.
• Motivate the school community to adopt an
attitude of perpetual learning.

23. Examine the curriculum and diversity policies currently
implemented in the institution. Evaluate how well these
programs incorporate diverse perspectives, cultures, and
experiences.
a. Multigrade Education Program,
b. Special Education Program,
c. Alternative Learning System Program,
d. Indigenous People Education Program, and;
e. Madrasah Education Program
ACTIVITY

24. “7 Ways to Support Diversity in the Classroom [With Examples]” https://www.prodigygame.com accessed on February 3, 2024
“Inclusive Education in the Philippines” accessed from https://www.teacherph.com/inclusive-education-philippines/ on February 9, 2024
Moreu G, Isenberg N and Brauer M (2021) How to Promote Diversity and Inclusion in Educational Settings: Behavior Change, Climate Surveys,
and Effective Pro-Diversity Initiatives. Front. Educ. 6:668250. doi: 10.3389/feduc.2021.668250
Nieto, S. (2013). Diversity, Globalization, and Education: What Do They Mean for Teachers and Teacher Educators?. Kappa Delta Pi Record. 49.
105-107. 10.1080/00228958.2013.819183.
Tzovara, A. et.al., (2021) Embracing diversity and inclusivity in an academic setting: Insights from the Organization for Human Brain Mapping,
NeuroImage, Volume 229,
2021, 117742, ISSN 1053-8119, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.117742.
UNESCO (2017), A guide for ensuring inclusion and equity in education, United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural
Organization, https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000248254
White, S. (2004) Multicultural MPA Curriculum:Are We Preparing Culturally Competent Public Administrators?, Journal of Public Affairs Education,
10:2, 111-123, DOI: 10.1080/15236803.2004.12001352
Wilson, D.M., Summers, L. and Wright, J. (2020), "Faculty support and student engagement in undergraduate engineering", Journal of Research
in Innovative Teaching & Learning, Vol. 13 No. 1, pp. 83-101. https://doi.org/10.1108/JRIT-02-2020-0011
Wyatt-Nichol, H. & Antwi-Boasiako, K. (2008) Diversity across the Curriculum: Perceptions and Practices, Journal of Public Affairs Education,
14:1, 79-90, DOI: 10.1080/15236803.2008.12001511
REFERENCES

25. EQUITY
AND
SOCIAL
JUSTICE

26. Let’s observe and analyze this picture:

28. What
is
Equity?
According to
Cambridge Dictionary, this
refers to the situation in
which everyone is treated
fairly according to their
needs and no group of
people is given special
treatment.

29. What
is
Equity?
Equity in education refers
to the principle of fairness and
justice in providing equal
opportunities and resources to
all students, regardless of their
backgrounds, abilities, or
circumstances, to ensure they
reach their full potential

30. What
is
Equity?
Equity in education refers
to the principle of fairness and
justice in providing equal
opportunities and resources to
all students, regardless of their
backgrounds, abilities, or
circumstances, to ensure they
reach their full potential

31. What is Equity in Education?
A classroom that prioritizes
equity above equality ensures that
every student receives the necessary
assistance and guidance to maximize
their learning outcomes.

32. What is Equity in Education?
Zone of Proximal Development or
“the difference between what a
learner can do without help and what
he or she can do with help” should be
the aim for every student.

33.  Some students will have
different expectations on
an assignment, such as
only writing three
paragraphs instead of
five.
 Some students will have
extra time to complete an
assignment or other
accommodations designed
to meet their educational
needs.
 Some students will have
resource teachers or aides
that provide additional
support in the classroom
or in a pullout
environment.
 Some students will have
resources provided at a
different reading level or
in a different language.

34. What
is
Social
Justice?
According to
Cambridge Dictionary, this
refers to the the idea that all
people should have the
same rights and
opportunities and that a
country's wealth and
resources should benefit
everyone in that country

35. What
is
Social
Justice?
This is fairness as it
manifests in society. That
includes fairness in
healthcare, employment,
housing, and more. In a
socially-just society, human
rights are respected and
discrimination is not allowed
to flourish.

36. What
is
Social
Justice?
the fair distribution of
opportunities and privileges
as they apply to individuals
within a society. It
encompasses more areas
such as the environment,
race, gender, and education.

37. What is Social Justice in Education?
Social justice in education takes two
forms.
-The first form is social justice in
action and the level of equality within the
actual education system.

38. What is Social Justice in Education?
Social justice in education takes two
forms.
-The second form of social justice in
education is how social justice is taught
within the school system.

39. KEY ASPECTS OF EQUITY
AND SOCIAL JUSTICE IN
EDUCATION
Access to
Quality
Education
Culturally
Responsive
Teaching
Anti-Bias
Education
Equitable
School
Policies
Inclusive
Curriculum

40. Access to Quality Education
1987 Philippine Constitution, Article
Section 1, which states that the state
shall protect and promote the right
of all the citizens to quality education
at all levels and shall take
appropriate steps to make such
education accessible to all.

41. Inclusive Curriculum

42. Culturally Responsive Teaching
-a student-centered approach
to education which is based
on the idea that every
student brings unique
cultural strengths to the
classroom.

43. Anti-Bias Education
• eradicating prejudice and the use
of restorative justice techniques
both support the development of
a socially fair learning
environment.

44. Anti-Bias Education
According to Derman-Sparks &
Edwards (2021), the four core
goals of Anti-Bias Education are:
1. Identity
2. Diversity
3. Justice
4. Activism

45. Equitable School Policies
a collection of rules and
guidelines intended to
guarantee justice and
fairness in the educational
system, encouraging equal
chances and results for every
student.

46. Equitable School Policies
• Admissions
• resource allocation
• curriculum creation
• teacher preparation
• disciplinary processes,
and
• support services

47. Equitable School Policies
• Targeted interventions to
meet the unique needs of
underrepresented groups
and foster an inclusive,
respectful, and socially fair
school community may be
part of these policies

48. Assess the effectiveness of professional development
programs provided to you in the institution you belong towards
promoting equity and social justice in education. Recommend
additional approaches and/or policies in advocating an
equitable and just educational institution.
ACTIVITY

49. “A Practical Guide to Equity in Education | Positive Action” https://www.positiveaction.net/blog/equity-in-education accessed on February 9,
2024
Benadusi, L. (2002). Equity and Education. In: Hutmacher, W., Cochrane, D., Bottani, N. (eds) In Pursuit of Equity in Education. Springer,
Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-47579-0_2
“Culturally Responsive Teaching Strategies: Importance, Benefits & Tips” https://soeonline.american.edu/blog/culturally-responsive-teaching/
accessed on February 8, 2024
Derman-Sparks, L. & Edwards, J. (2021) Teaching About Identity, Racism, and Fairness, American Educator, v44 n4 p35-40
Florian, L., & Rouse, M. (2009) The inclusive practice project in Scotland: teacher education for inclusive education, 25(4), 594–601
“ Gov't provides access to free, quality college education” https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1042168 accessed on February 9, 2024
PC (1987), Article XIV, Section 1
Walster, E. and Walster, G.W. (1975), Equity and Social Justice. Journal of Social Issues, 31: 21-43. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-
4560.1975.tb00001.x
REFERENCES

50. NORIEL V. MONTANO
EDC110
Current Trends and Issues
DIVERSITY
&
INCLUSION
Thank you!