Interesting Cryptocurrency business ideas for 2019
2018 is the year, the world has woke up all eyes wide to Cryptocurrencies and Blockchain. All of the sudden there is a huge rush among Entrepreneurs, Investors, Startups towards starting an innovative Cryptocurrency Business.
Blockchain: usos y perspectivas / usages et perspectives /practices and perspectives
17 Mayo. Paris.
Technological innovation formalized in the 2000s, blockchain
has become an essential tool over the years. Glorified
spreadsheet or ultimate form of democracy? The reality
probably lies somewhere in the middle.
Blockchain technologies are still at an early stage but already,
use cases flourish including in education and science.
Moreover, the moment is well chosen : after a long period
of testing, 2019 promises to be the year of production for
many projects.
Launch your own nft marketplace like foundationAmniAugustine
Our post-marketing services include content marketing, social media marketing, forum marketing, influencer marketing, etc. the most function of our post-marketing services is to extend your market visibility among investors.
Understand Cross-Chain Swap Aggregator XY Finance in 5 minsassociate14
XY Finance has built an efficient and user-friendly cross-chain swap for DeFi & Metaverse and single-token liquidity provision service through X Swap and Y Pool.
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Hot new defi trends to stay an eye fixed on in 2022AmniAugustine
Technological advancements have appropriated the planet, and therefore the year 2022 has witnessed advances that might have otherwise taken years to progress. The pandemic may have taken a toll on our everyday lifestyle, but it's definitely fueled tech and innovation. a bit like the pandemic has given a push to technological advancements, digital currency trading is not any exception.
Interesting Cryptocurrency business ideas for 2019
2018 is the year, the world has woke up all eyes wide to Cryptocurrencies and Blockchain. All of the sudden there is a huge rush among Entrepreneurs, Investors, Startups towards starting an innovative Cryptocurrency Business.
Blockchain: usos y perspectivas / usages et perspectives /practices and perspectives
17 Mayo. Paris.
Technological innovation formalized in the 2000s, blockchain
has become an essential tool over the years. Glorified
spreadsheet or ultimate form of democracy? The reality
probably lies somewhere in the middle.
Blockchain technologies are still at an early stage but already,
use cases flourish including in education and science.
Moreover, the moment is well chosen : after a long period
of testing, 2019 promises to be the year of production for
many projects.
Launch your own nft marketplace like foundationAmniAugustine
Our post-marketing services include content marketing, social media marketing, forum marketing, influencer marketing, etc. the most function of our post-marketing services is to extend your market visibility among investors.
Understand Cross-Chain Swap Aggregator XY Finance in 5 minsassociate14
XY Finance has built an efficient and user-friendly cross-chain swap for DeFi & Metaverse and single-token liquidity provision service through X Swap and Y Pool.
Non Fungible Token Development Solution,
NFT Collectables Developer,
Best NFT Development Company,
Top NFT development Company,
nft software development,
NFT ART Tokenization,
NFT Gaming platform,
NFT Lending development company,
How to create an NFT,
Where to Create an NFT,
Why Create an NFT,
NFT for Fantasy Sports,
NFT for Real Estate,
DeFi Lending/Borrowing Platform Development Services,
DeFi lending platform development,
DeFi borrowing platform development,
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Hot new defi trends to stay an eye fixed on in 2022AmniAugustine
Technological advancements have appropriated the planet, and therefore the year 2022 has witnessed advances that might have otherwise taken years to progress. The pandemic may have taken a toll on our everyday lifestyle, but it's definitely fueled tech and innovation. a bit like the pandemic has given a push to technological advancements, digital currency trading is not any exception.
Metaverse is a digital or virtual world that will use technologies such as VR, AR, blockchain to create a unique experience for the users. On the other hand, NFTs or non-fungible tokens are a form of token that is unique in nature. These tokens are different from one another, indivisible and immutable. NFTs help represent ownership of digital assets and physical assets in the blockchain.
NFTs are a huge part of the Metaverse. Metaverse will need to have digital assets, and NFTs are perfect for representing any type of digital assets. Users can buy and sell their assets on the marketplace in the form of an NFT. Here, we will discuss the role of NFTs within the Metaverse and how various sectors within the Metaverse can use NFT for their benefits.
101 Blockchains is an educational platform where you will get access to in-depth and updated information regarding blockchain technology. As blockchain technology is a huge part of the Metaverse, we are offering an array of courses that will help you understand how Metaverse works.
The following courses will help you ->
Metaverse Fundamentals
https://academy.101blockchains.com/courses/metaverse-fundamentals
NFT Fundamentals Course
https://academy.101blockchains.com/courses/nft-fundamentals
Introduction to DeFi Course
https://academy.101blockchains.com/courses/defi-course
Tokenization Fundamentals
https://academy.101blockchains.com/courses/tokenization-fundamentals
Learn more about the certification courses from here ->
Certified Enterprise Blockchain Professional (CEBP) course
https://academy.101blockchains.com/courses/blockchain-expert-certification
Certified Enterprise Blockchain Architect (CEBA) course
https://academy.101blockchains.com/courses/certified-enterprise-blockchain-architect
Certified Blockchain Security Expert (CBSE) course
https://academy.101blockchains.com/courses/certified-blockchain-security-expert
Learn more from our guide ->
https://101blockchains.com/nfts-and-metaverse/
The benefits of an STO over an ICO are too great to ignore, and investors simply will no longer accept tokens that offer no security at all. We will see a large increase in security token offers and the ICO will disappear in the background.
Chorus One provides infrastructure services for Proof-of-Stake networks. We enable token holders to securely earn interest on their cryptoassets and to shape the evolution of the decentralized networks they are invested in.
This report is the by-product of an in-depth analysis that Chorus One carried out in the process of evaluating whether to run a validator node on the Loom Network. This process included interviews with key team members and research on all publicly available information on the Loom Network. It covers important aspects such as the Loom Network's value proposition, technology, strategy, token economics, and potential risk factors. The report dives deep into the opportunity of crypto and gaming, which is Loom's focus market. The goal of this report is to provide the reader with an encompassing view of the Loom Network, how Loom fits into the gaming and blockchain ecosystem, and the staking opportunity associated with the LOOM token.
How can a decentralized exchange prevent hacking AmniAugustine
Technological advancements have appropriated the planet, and therefore the year 2022 has witnessed advances that might have otherwise taken years to progress. The pandemic may have taken a toll on our everyday lifestyle, but it's definitely fueled tech and innovation. a bit like the pandemic has given a push to technological advancements, digital currency trading is not any exception.
Countries where bitcoin legal and illegalPulsehyip
The country that says YES & NO to Bitcoin is listed below and shown it in infographics. Take a look
https://www.pulsehyip.com/countries-where-bitcoin-is-legal-and-illegal
A Comprehensive Guide on Tokenization - 101BlockchainsJackSmith435850
Tokenization is the process of replacing sensitive data with unique identification symbols that retain all the essential information about the data. Learn about how the asset tokenization works in this presentation.
Equity Token Offering(ETO) Services | ETO Development CompanyScarlet Emilye
Equity Token Offering(ETO) Services is offered by the best ETO development company to raise your funds. Everything you need to know before launch your ETO.
Doing this one thing will make you a millionaire in 2021 with nft metaverse AmniAugustine
Our post-marketing services include content marketing, social media marketing, forum marketing, influencer marketing, etc. the most function of our post-marketing services is to extend your market visibility among investors.
Why NFTs has overtaken Defoe As the hottest trend in blockchainBlockchain Council
If you, too, are willing to make a mark for yourself in the field of Blockchain technology, then this is the time to enroll in the Blockchain certification program offered by Blockchain Council today.
"While blockchain is immensely popular and sometimes even overrated, this technology still faces some issues due to the immature and inexperienced user community. Without saying, this sets the stage for numerous scam schemes. Our aim is to make the cryptocurrency fraud list of the 5 most common risk factors of blockchain projects. We strive to ensure the security of your crypto interaction by raising your awareness of swindler strategies and market volatility.
This topic will be interested for those who look at:
- cryptocurrency scam risk factors
- cryptocurrency scam
- cryptocurrency fraud
- cryptocurrency fraud list
- is cryptocurrency fraud
This is addopted presentation. To review the longread, visit https://axisbits.com/blog/Cryptocurrency-Scam-Risk-Factors"
NFTs - Common Use Cases and Legal Considerations (Japan)Joerg Schmidt
The presentation outlines common use cases for NFTs, including digital art, collectibles, blockchain games, and IP management. Legal and regulatory considerations can be found on the last few slides.
Non-Fungible Tokens are used in conjunction with ETL (Extract, Transform, Load) to represent various forms of data that are not only easy to retrieve but also safe to store. NFTs have enormous potential, from decreasing superfluous paperwork in many industries to provide a platform for creatives such as digital artists and musicians.
Ethereum is a decentralised blockchain-based cryptocurrency with its own native currency, Ether (ETH), as well as a unique programming language known as Solidity. Ethereum, which was created in 2015 by a small group of crypto pioneers, has risen to become the world's second most popular cryptocurrency, trailing only Bitcoin. Ethereum was created by a team that included Joe Lubin and Vitalik Buterin, who is currently the Ethereum CEO and the world's youngest crypto millionaire at the age of 27.
Crypto tokens are digital assets created on an established blockchain network. Crypto tokens, unlike traditional currencies, are decentralized, which means they are not controlled by any central authority or government and may be exchanged globally without the use of middlemen. The underlying technology for most crypto tokens is blockchain, which is a distributed ledger technology that records all network transactions.
How is a Crypto Token different from Crypto Coin.pdfTusharVerma933268
Cryptocurrency tokens and coins are two different forms of digital assets, both having distinct characteristics with varied associated usages. Both are valuable tools in the increasingly popular cryptocurrency industry but serve very different purposes.
Metaverse is a digital or virtual world that will use technologies such as VR, AR, blockchain to create a unique experience for the users. On the other hand, NFTs or non-fungible tokens are a form of token that is unique in nature. These tokens are different from one another, indivisible and immutable. NFTs help represent ownership of digital assets and physical assets in the blockchain.
NFTs are a huge part of the Metaverse. Metaverse will need to have digital assets, and NFTs are perfect for representing any type of digital assets. Users can buy and sell their assets on the marketplace in the form of an NFT. Here, we will discuss the role of NFTs within the Metaverse and how various sectors within the Metaverse can use NFT for their benefits.
101 Blockchains is an educational platform where you will get access to in-depth and updated information regarding blockchain technology. As blockchain technology is a huge part of the Metaverse, we are offering an array of courses that will help you understand how Metaverse works.
The following courses will help you ->
Metaverse Fundamentals
https://academy.101blockchains.com/courses/metaverse-fundamentals
NFT Fundamentals Course
https://academy.101blockchains.com/courses/nft-fundamentals
Introduction to DeFi Course
https://academy.101blockchains.com/courses/defi-course
Tokenization Fundamentals
https://academy.101blockchains.com/courses/tokenization-fundamentals
Learn more about the certification courses from here ->
Certified Enterprise Blockchain Professional (CEBP) course
https://academy.101blockchains.com/courses/blockchain-expert-certification
Certified Enterprise Blockchain Architect (CEBA) course
https://academy.101blockchains.com/courses/certified-enterprise-blockchain-architect
Certified Blockchain Security Expert (CBSE) course
https://academy.101blockchains.com/courses/certified-blockchain-security-expert
Learn more from our guide ->
https://101blockchains.com/nfts-and-metaverse/
The benefits of an STO over an ICO are too great to ignore, and investors simply will no longer accept tokens that offer no security at all. We will see a large increase in security token offers and the ICO will disappear in the background.
Chorus One provides infrastructure services for Proof-of-Stake networks. We enable token holders to securely earn interest on their cryptoassets and to shape the evolution of the decentralized networks they are invested in.
This report is the by-product of an in-depth analysis that Chorus One carried out in the process of evaluating whether to run a validator node on the Loom Network. This process included interviews with key team members and research on all publicly available information on the Loom Network. It covers important aspects such as the Loom Network's value proposition, technology, strategy, token economics, and potential risk factors. The report dives deep into the opportunity of crypto and gaming, which is Loom's focus market. The goal of this report is to provide the reader with an encompassing view of the Loom Network, how Loom fits into the gaming and blockchain ecosystem, and the staking opportunity associated with the LOOM token.
How can a decentralized exchange prevent hacking AmniAugustine
Technological advancements have appropriated the planet, and therefore the year 2022 has witnessed advances that might have otherwise taken years to progress. The pandemic may have taken a toll on our everyday lifestyle, but it's definitely fueled tech and innovation. a bit like the pandemic has given a push to technological advancements, digital currency trading is not any exception.
Countries where bitcoin legal and illegalPulsehyip
The country that says YES & NO to Bitcoin is listed below and shown it in infographics. Take a look
https://www.pulsehyip.com/countries-where-bitcoin-is-legal-and-illegal
A Comprehensive Guide on Tokenization - 101BlockchainsJackSmith435850
Tokenization is the process of replacing sensitive data with unique identification symbols that retain all the essential information about the data. Learn about how the asset tokenization works in this presentation.
Equity Token Offering(ETO) Services | ETO Development CompanyScarlet Emilye
Equity Token Offering(ETO) Services is offered by the best ETO development company to raise your funds. Everything you need to know before launch your ETO.
Doing this one thing will make you a millionaire in 2021 with nft metaverse AmniAugustine
Our post-marketing services include content marketing, social media marketing, forum marketing, influencer marketing, etc. the most function of our post-marketing services is to extend your market visibility among investors.
Why NFTs has overtaken Defoe As the hottest trend in blockchainBlockchain Council
If you, too, are willing to make a mark for yourself in the field of Blockchain technology, then this is the time to enroll in the Blockchain certification program offered by Blockchain Council today.
"While blockchain is immensely popular and sometimes even overrated, this technology still faces some issues due to the immature and inexperienced user community. Without saying, this sets the stage for numerous scam schemes. Our aim is to make the cryptocurrency fraud list of the 5 most common risk factors of blockchain projects. We strive to ensure the security of your crypto interaction by raising your awareness of swindler strategies and market volatility.
This topic will be interested for those who look at:
- cryptocurrency scam risk factors
- cryptocurrency scam
- cryptocurrency fraud
- cryptocurrency fraud list
- is cryptocurrency fraud
This is addopted presentation. To review the longread, visit https://axisbits.com/blog/Cryptocurrency-Scam-Risk-Factors"
NFTs - Common Use Cases and Legal Considerations (Japan)Joerg Schmidt
The presentation outlines common use cases for NFTs, including digital art, collectibles, blockchain games, and IP management. Legal and regulatory considerations can be found on the last few slides.
Non-Fungible Tokens are used in conjunction with ETL (Extract, Transform, Load) to represent various forms of data that are not only easy to retrieve but also safe to store. NFTs have enormous potential, from decreasing superfluous paperwork in many industries to provide a platform for creatives such as digital artists and musicians.
Ethereum is a decentralised blockchain-based cryptocurrency with its own native currency, Ether (ETH), as well as a unique programming language known as Solidity. Ethereum, which was created in 2015 by a small group of crypto pioneers, has risen to become the world's second most popular cryptocurrency, trailing only Bitcoin. Ethereum was created by a team that included Joe Lubin and Vitalik Buterin, who is currently the Ethereum CEO and the world's youngest crypto millionaire at the age of 27.
Crypto tokens are digital assets created on an established blockchain network. Crypto tokens, unlike traditional currencies, are decentralized, which means they are not controlled by any central authority or government and may be exchanged globally without the use of middlemen. The underlying technology for most crypto tokens is blockchain, which is a distributed ledger technology that records all network transactions.
How is a Crypto Token different from Crypto Coin.pdfTusharVerma933268
Cryptocurrency tokens and coins are two different forms of digital assets, both having distinct characteristics with varied associated usages. Both are valuable tools in the increasingly popular cryptocurrency industry but serve very different purposes.
How is a Crypto Token different from Crypto Coin?MeghaSaran1
Cryptocurrency tokens and coins are two different forms of digital assets, both having distinct characteristics with varied associated usages. Both are valuable tools in the increasingly popular cryptocurrency industry but serve very different purposes.
What is a crypto token?
A token is a digital representation of value, be it an asset or utility. Although many tokens are based on the Ethereum blockchain, they may also reside on other platforms. They can represent anything from raw materials to currencies to loyalty points and more.
Tokens are used for a variety of purposes such as access control, rewards, or voting in a decentralized system. Tokens are generally created by projects that wish to raise money through token sales, or Initial Coin Offerings (ICOs).
I performed a 3-hour educational session at Etopía, Zaragoza, for artists enrolled in the ARTeCHÓ international program. I shared important internal details about smart contracts, the ERC-721 standard, and how to link market and NFT contracts.
What are NFTs?
Non-fungible tokens (NFTs) are unique digital assets that are verified on a blockchain network. This means that NFTs cannot be replicated or replaced, and they can be used to represent ownership of digital items such as artwork, music, videos, and other types of digital content.
How do NFTs work?
NFTs are created by minting them on a blockchain. Minting is the process of creating a new token and adding it to the blockchain. Once an NFT is minted, it cannot be changed or deleted.
To mint an NFT, you will need to create a digital wallet and connect it to a blockchain marketplace. Once you have connected your wallet, you can upload your digital file and create an NFT listing.
When someone purchases your NFT, the transaction will be recorded on the blockchain and the NFT will be transferred to their wallet. The new owner of the NFT will now have full ownership of the digital asset.
What are the benefits of NFTs?
Ownership: NFTs provide a way to prove ownership of digital assets. This is important because digital assets can be easily copied and distributed without the owner's permission.
Monetization: NFTs can be used to monetize digital content. For example, artists can sell their artwork as NFTs, and musicians can sell their music as NFTs.
Community: NFTs can be used to build communities around digital assets. For example, a group of fans could purchase an NFT from their favorite artist, and this would give them access to exclusive content or experiences.
Examples of NFTs
Artwork: One of the most popular uses of NFTs is to represent ownership of digital artwork. Some famous artists have sold their artwork as NFTs for millions of dollars.
Music: NFTs can also be used to represent ownership of digital music. Some musicians have sold their music as NFTs, and this has allowed them to bypass traditional record labels and connect directly with their fans.
Videos: NFTs can also be used to represent ownership of digital videos. For example, some video game companies have sold in-game items as NFTs.
Collectibles: NFTs can also be used to represent ownership of digital collectibles. For example, some sports leagues have sold trading cards as NFTs.
Conclusion
NFTs are a new and emerging technology with the potential to revolutionize the way we own and interact with digital assets. NFTs are still in their early stages of development, but they have the potential to change the way we create, consume, and invest in digital content.
Additional Information
The slides also included information on the following topics:
The different types of NFTs
How to create and sell NFTs
The different blockchain platforms that support NFTs
The environmental impact of NFTs
The future of NFTs
Is there a token for that? Tokens demystified.Jan Brejcha
This presentation aims at providing a brief introduction to crypto tokens, how they can be beneficial for the users, and why they can disrupt current industries. Various examples will be discussed.
Crypto tokens are a special kind of signs representing objects and/or functions living in the underlying blockchain, and can be generated by smart contracts.
Tokens enable the viability of open source protocols, and dApps (decentralized applications), which was previously unattainable.
Current regulatory frameworks try to mitigate frauds in ICOs, while helping establish tokens as a new asset class.
Understanding blockchain v1.0 manish gupta (7 min read)ManishGuptaJi
Understanding blockchain space, where it is and where it is heading towards...Journey from 1st Gen Bitcoin to 2nd Gen smart contracts to now more scalable, interoperable and faster blockchains with better governance model around them...
How does cryptocurrency work, and which of the crypto is the best_.pptxBlockchainX
At BlockchainX tech, we help startups, medium-sized enterprises, and large-sized businesses by providing end-to-end blockchain development services such as token creation, token sale distribution, landing page design, whitepaper writing, and smart contract creation. As your business idea is unique your cryptocurrency launch process will also be one of a kind. Our blockchain experts help you analyze your concept to make sure that your idea is effective enough to motivate people for funding. Our experience so far in ICO and blockchain development is unmatched and it allows us to provide stable cryptocurrency solutions that are tailor-made to match your business requirements. Raise your Initial Coin Offering with minimal steps and get professional guidance from our team of blockchain and cryptocurrency experts.
My presentation on future scenarious of decentralised finance created in 2018/2019, I have presented it more than 20 events, confernces all over the Europe.
Top 20 Cryptocurrencies Worth Checking Out In 2022.pdfCharles Sylvester
I'll Show You How to Make Huge Money with Totally Automated Crypto Trading Robots.
It Is a Completely Passive Money Making Method.
It is no problem if you are an absolute beginner (without any skill or experience). You will be able to understand it all and put it into practice, since everything is introduced in great detail!
What Is The Difference Between A Cryptocurrency Coin And A Token (1).pdfKezex (KZX)
A cryptocurrency coin is a digital asset native to its own blockchain, such as Bitcoin on the Bitcoin blockchain or Ether on the Ethereum blockchain. Coins are typically used as a medium of exchange, store of value, or unit of account. A token, on the other hand, is a digital asset created on an existing blockchain, often through smart contracts, such as ERC-20 tokens on Ethereum. Tokens can represent various assets or utilities, including access to decentralized applications, voting rights, or participation in tokenized ecosystems.
Role of Tokens in the Crypto Exchange Ecosystem.pdfSoluLab1231
In today’s cryptocurrency market, tokens play a pivotal role in shaping the future of digital finance. As we navigate through the complexities of the crypto exchange ecosystem, understanding the significance of tokens becomes paramount. These digital assets, representing a myriad of functionalities and values, have become the linchpin of modern financial innovation.
Tokens in crypto exchange are not mere digital currencies; they are versatile instruments that fuel the engine of decentralized finance (DeFi), decentralized applications (DApps), and transformative blockchain projects. In this blog, we embark on a journey to unravel the multifaceted role that tokens play in the crypto exchange landscape. From their creation and diverse types to their intricate economics and real-world applications, we will explore the intricate tapestry of tokenomics.
Ethereum (ETH) Coin What Is It And How Does It Work.pdfNews Flews
Ethereum is a cryptocurrency that offers ether tokens, which are similar to bitcoins that you get as part of the Bitcoin network.
“I understand that bitcoin is like a pocket calculator; it’s designed to do one thing, and it works really well, but you can’t do anything else with it,” says Olly Leech, editor at Coindesk, a cryptocurrency news outlet.
So Buterin created Ethereum, a blockchain network with an associated cryptocurrency called ether (ETH), with the potential to do so much more.
While you can buy and trade Ethereum as an investment like Bitcoin, developers of software platforms can also use it to create new applications, often adjacent to cryptocurrency or otherwise designed to make buying, selling, and using cryptocurrency a smoother process.
Like the ones on your phone, these apps can be anything from lending apps to payment platforms.
“Think of Ethereum like a smartphone,” says Leech. Developers can build apps on smartphones, similar to how apps are built on Ethereum.
While mobile apps have a more universal app potential these days, Ethereum apps are geared more towards crypto users.
Using the example of a lending app, a developer can build the app, which other crypto users can use to lend and borrow.
“All of this is supported by the idea of smart contracts,” he says. Leech says the smart contract is software that runs completely independently on the Ethereum blockchain. All of these smart contracts perform all the functions that some third party would normally have to take care of.
For example, people can complete direct transactions over the network.
Peer-to-peer lending is gaining popularity on Ethereum at the moment, Leach says.
A lending application developed on the Ethereum network allows users to lend money to each other without involving a bank.
The smart contracts that power these applications are basically just algorithms designed to perform a specific function when certain conditions are met.
In the case of a peer-to-peer loan, the contract begins to result in lending money when the collateral is placed in the correct wallet or account.
Potential benefits of using a smart contract over a traditional lender include faster execution, no human error or bias, and lower fees.
Ethereum trading features
Trading Ethereum and Ethereum Classic with AvaTrade can be beneficial in a way that cryptocurrency exchanges cannot.
Selling short, or short selling, “sell high, buy low,” is a “short” selling identification that allows traders to trade and profit when the markets go down and then take profits when they bounce back. In other words, short selling is motivated by the belief that the price index will fall, allowing buybacks at a lower price to turn a profit.
High leverage, high leverage, is a loan from the brokerage firm to the trader. This allows you to open much larger deals with the lowest investment amount. It can magnify your potential profits, and at the same time it can magnify your losses.
Automated trading,
Ethereum 101.: A beginner's Guide to the Future of FinanceGio Ferrandino
The information provided in this ebook, "Ethereum 101: A Beginner's Guide to the Future of Finance," is intended for educational purposes only. While every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the content, cryptocurrency and blockchain technology are rapidly evolving fields, and the information contained herein may become outdated over time.
Readers are advised to conduct their own research and seek professional financial and legal advice before making any investment or financial decisions related to Ethereum or other cryptocurrencies. The author and publisher of this ebook disclaim any liability for the use or interpretation of the information provided, and readers are solely responsible for their own actions and choices.
Please note that cryptocurrency investments carry inherent risks, and past performance is not indicative of future results. It is essential to exercise caution and diligence when engaging in cryptocurrency-related activities.
By Gio Ferrandino
Similar to Digital Assets: Tokens & Coins - Lecture for TUM Blockchain Program (Technical University of Munich) (20)
Multi-cluster Kubernetes Networking- Patterns, Projects and GuidelinesSanjeev Rampal
Talk presented at Kubernetes Community Day, New York, May 2024.
Technical summary of Multi-Cluster Kubernetes Networking architectures with focus on 4 key topics.
1) Key patterns for Multi-cluster architectures
2) Architectural comparison of several OSS/ CNCF projects to address these patterns
3) Evolution trends for the APIs of these projects
4) Some design recommendations & guidelines for adopting/ deploying these solutions.
1.Wireless Communication System_Wireless communication is a broad term that i...JeyaPerumal1
Wireless communication involves the transmission of information over a distance without the help of wires, cables or any other forms of electrical conductors.
Wireless communication is a broad term that incorporates all procedures and forms of connecting and communicating between two or more devices using a wireless signal through wireless communication technologies and devices.
Features of Wireless Communication
The evolution of wireless technology has brought many advancements with its effective features.
The transmitted distance can be anywhere between a few meters (for example, a television's remote control) and thousands of kilometers (for example, radio communication).
Wireless communication can be used for cellular telephony, wireless access to the internet, wireless home networking, and so on.
# Internet Security: Safeguarding Your Digital World
In the contemporary digital age, the internet is a cornerstone of our daily lives. It connects us to vast amounts of information, provides platforms for communication, enables commerce, and offers endless entertainment. However, with these conveniences come significant security challenges. Internet security is essential to protect our digital identities, sensitive data, and overall online experience. This comprehensive guide explores the multifaceted world of internet security, providing insights into its importance, common threats, and effective strategies to safeguard your digital world.
## Understanding Internet Security
Internet security encompasses the measures and protocols used to protect information, devices, and networks from unauthorized access, attacks, and damage. It involves a wide range of practices designed to safeguard data confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Effective internet security is crucial for individuals, businesses, and governments alike, as cyber threats continue to evolve in complexity and scale.
### Key Components of Internet Security
1. **Confidentiality**: Ensuring that information is accessible only to those authorized to access it.
2. **Integrity**: Protecting information from being altered or tampered with by unauthorized parties.
3. **Availability**: Ensuring that authorized users have reliable access to information and resources when needed.
## Common Internet Security Threats
Cyber threats are numerous and constantly evolving. Understanding these threats is the first step in protecting against them. Some of the most common internet security threats include:
### Malware
Malware, or malicious software, is designed to harm, exploit, or otherwise compromise a device, network, or service. Common types of malware include:
- **Viruses**: Programs that attach themselves to legitimate software and replicate, spreading to other programs and files.
- **Worms**: Standalone malware that replicates itself to spread to other computers.
- **Trojan Horses**: Malicious software disguised as legitimate software.
- **Ransomware**: Malware that encrypts a user's files and demands a ransom for the decryption key.
- **Spyware**: Software that secretly monitors and collects user information.
### Phishing
Phishing is a social engineering attack that aims to steal sensitive information such as usernames, passwords, and credit card details. Attackers often masquerade as trusted entities in email or other communication channels, tricking victims into providing their information.
### Man-in-the-Middle (MitM) Attacks
MitM attacks occur when an attacker intercepts and potentially alters communication between two parties without their knowledge. This can lead to the unauthorized acquisition of sensitive information.
### Denial-of-Service (DoS) and Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS) Attacks
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4. 1. Definition for a Token/Coin
2. Classification Systems for Tokens
3. Token Design and Incentive Schemes
4. Token Sales: Initial Coin Offerings (ICOs)
5. Decentralized Finance (DeFi)
6. Wallets: Storage Solutions for Digital Assets
Digital Assets: Tokens & Coins
4Florian Huber
5. Does every Blockchain need a Token?
5Source: Shermin Vosmgir, Token Economy, 2019
Permissionless Blockchains Permissioned Blockchains
(“Enterprise Blockchains",
“Consortia Blockchains”)
Examples Bitcoin, Ethereum, Stellar,
Monero, Litecoin
R3 (Banking), EWF (Energy Web
Foundation), B3i (Insurance)
Token Necessary, as an incentive
mechanism.
Not Necessary, but possible.
Access everyone “invite only-member club”
Network Participants Don’t know each other, no trust Know each other, trust
Incentive mechanism Solely economic: PoW, PoS Legal Contracts, reputation
Speed Slow High
Comparable to “the Internet” Intranets, AOL, CompuServe
6. The concept of a token or a coin is nothing new, examples:
• Sea Shells
• Gold Coins
• Casino Chips
• Vouchers
• Frequent Flyer Miles
• QR-Codes
(Good translation into German would be “Wertmarke”)
Definition of a Token/Coin
6
7. A token is a piece of data which …
• grants an access right
and/or
• represents an asset (the value of something)
… which is collectively governed on a blockchain using smart contracts.
A token is not a digital file send from one device the other.
Definition of a Token/Coin (in the context of blockchain)
7
Source: Shermin Voshmgir, Token Economy, 2019
8. We’ve talked about Tokens, but what about Coins?!
A Coin is a token which acts like money (e.g. bitcoin, Monero, zCash)
We are using “Token” is as an umbrella term.
8Source: Shermin Voshmgir, Token Economy, 2019
Tokens
Money Tokens
“Coins”
(Cryptocurrencies)
All other
Tokens
9. Old World: Tokens needed a centralized issuer (e.g. nation states, banks,
corporations).
New World: The issuing/management of tokens is now happening on an
open, public infrastructure (e.g Bitcoin Blockchain, Ethereum Blockchain).
Old World/New World
9
10. In this new world Tokens enable easy granting of access rights and the
easy creation of assets (representing economic value, like money, shares,
real estate, art, …).
„Tokens are to the Web3 what websites were to the Web1!"
Tokens are the killer app of the Web3 era!
10
Old World/New World
12. Old World: Traditional Top Down Approach
New World: Token economies will enable Decentralized Autonomous
Organizations (DAOs)
è Blockchain/Tokens will path the way a new type of value creation.
Value Creation: How does Society create value?
12
13. 13
Market cap Ethereum: $38 bn
(launched in 2014)
vs.
Market cap BMW: $40 bn
(launched in 1916)
Source: Shermin Voshmgir, Token Economy, 2019
14. Legal structure of( a token
Utility Tokens
Description: It’s best to think of a
Utility Token as a pre-paid
voucher for a non-existing services
Characteristics:
• Closely tied to the functionality
of the issuing network or
application
• Internal network/app currency
but not necessarily attempting to
be a currency
• Grants owners the right to
actively contribute to the system
vs. passive investor role
• Avoids security-like features
Security Tokens Currency Tokens
Description: A token that behaves
like a security (“Wertpapier”)
Characteristics:
• Represent the value of the
underlying off-chain asset
• Showcases security-like
features, e.g. voting on
decisions regarding the issuing
entity, dividends, or profit shares
• Holders are regarded as owners
• Little or insufficient utility
Description: A token that acts like
money (“Coins”, “Cryptocurrencies”)
Characteristics:
• Acts as a store of value and
medium of exchange
• Not emitted by a central
authority against which owners
have claims
• Examples: Bitcoin, Litecoin,
Cardano
Token Classification
15. Das Grundprinzip ist, Informationen bestmöglich zu transportieren. Dazu muss vor allem die Schrift
einheitlich und für alle im Raum lesbar sein.
Schriftart: Arial
Schriftgrößen: 25 | 18 | 14 | 11
Zeilenabstand: 1,15mm
Die Einstellungen sind in den Textfeldern und Textfeldvorlagen dieses ppt-Masters als Standard eingestellt.
Bei Diagrammen und Tabellen muss die Schriftgröße ggf. angepasst werden. Für Auszeichnungen im
Fließtext kann auch fett markiert werden. Bei großer Distanz bzw. kleinem Präsentationsmedium kann der
Schriftgrad notfalls proportional erhöht werden.
Schrift
15Dr. rer. nat. Erika Mustermann (TUM) | kann beliebig erweitert werden | Infos mit Strich trennen
Tokens
Currency
Tokens
16. Fungible Tokens <> Non-fungible Tokens (NFTs)
16
Fungible Non-fungible
interchangeable unique
each individual token (or
fraction of a token) is
equivalent to the next
non-fungible tokens are
not mutually
interchangeable due to
their individual
specification
examples: Bitcoin, Ether, Litecoin,
Tether, EOS, Filecoin,
Ocean, etc… (> 99% of
tokens are fungible)
Crypto Art, Crypto
Collectibles, Crypto
Gaming
17. Fungible Tokens <> Non-fungible Tokens (NFTs)
17
Use Case: Digital collectible
cards of past and present
famous soccer players (NFTs
based on Ethereum).
18. coinmarketcap.com (7,200+ tokens listed)
18
coinmarktcap.com shows
all publicly trade tokens
(listed on exchanges).
But there are many more
private tokens!
19. Thanks to open, permissionless blockchains, creating a token has become
cheap and easy.
But getting the design of the token right is a challenge!
• Purpose of the token (access right, representation of an asset, or both?)
• Properties of the token (fungible, non-fungible (NFTs) / native tokens, 2nd layer tokens)
• How to connect the blockchain to the physical worlds (“Oracles”)
• Governance Rules / Consensus Mechanism: PoW, PoS, …
• Incentive System: block mining rewards, transaction fees, token price, punishments
Token Engineering / Token Design
19
20. What is Token Engineering / Token Design?
20Source: https://medium.com/prysmeconomics/the-prysm-group-house-a-framework-for-the-new-economics-of-blockchain-a96edf0fc41a
Token Engineering is about creating mini-economies written in code.
Users come to them to engage in mutually beneficial interactions with others,
and they rely on the platform’s contracts, marketplaces, currencies, and rules
of decision-making/governance to help them do so.
21. New Blockchain projects/startup are often financed by the initial sale of tokens in the form of ICOs,
STOs and IEOs (“Crowdfunding 2.0”):
• ICO = Initial Coin Offering (Sale of Utility Tokens)
• STO = Security Token Offering (Sale of Security Tokens)
IEO = Initial Exchange Offering: a token sale (ICO/STO) which is conducted on a crypto exchange.
Token Sales: ICOs/STO/IEOs
21
22. $ raised form token sales in $bn from 2017 to 2020
22Source: CoinSchedule
“ICO bubble of 2017/2018”
26. • DeFi is also called: “open finance” or “programmable finance”.
• DeFi is the most important use case of blockchain technology.
• DeFi is financial software built on blockchain (mostly on the Ethereum blockchain). It’s decentralized as
you don’t need intermediaries like banks, brokers or clearing houses to transfer value from A to B.
• The key innovation of DeFi is the automation of backend processes of financial transactions by using
smart contracts. “Don’t trust the people, trust the software” / “Don’t trust, verify”.
• DeFi eliminates the need for intermediaries (”trust brokers”).
What is Decentralized Finance (DeFi)?
26
27. DeFi startups are working on the new building blocks of a new financial system which – step by step – will
replace the existing legacy financial system (time frame: 10 to 20 years).
Examples for DeFi applications:
• Exchances (DEX): Uniswap, Curve, Balancer, Bancor
• Stable Coins: Tether (USDT), DAI, USDC, Facebook Libra
• Credit Markets (lending, borrowing): Compound, Maker, Celsius, Centrifuge
What is Decentralized Finance (DeFi)?
27
28. 28Dr. rer. nat. Erika Mustermann (TUM) | kann beliebig erweitert werden | Infos mit Strich trennen
31. Definition: A physical device or software which stores the public/private
keys and can be used to track ownership and to spent/receive tokens.
A blockchain wallet simply acts as a secure key storage, and a
communication tool with the blockchain. It does not contain any tokens.
The tokens are collectively managed on the ledger of the blockchain.
Wallets: Storage Solutions for Digital Assets
31
33. There are different types of wallets which have specific advantages and disadvantages.
• Desktop Wallets
• Web/Online Wallets
• Mobile Wallets
• Hardware Wallets
• Paper Wallets
• Brain Wallets
Types of Wallets
33
34. Storage Solutions for Tokens (non-custodial)
34
Wallet Type Description Risk Example
Desktop Offline Storage:
Download/Installation on
Laptop/PC
Software Updates, Hardware Damages, Keyloggers,
Viruses
Exodus, Armory, Bitcoin Core,
Multibit
Online/Web Access via Web browser or
browser extension
Third Party Control, Malware, Keyloggers, Viruses MetaMask, blockchain.info, MyEther
Wallet,
Or on centralized exchanges:
Coinbase, Bittrex, Kraken, Bitstamp
Mobile Mobile App: Storage on phone
hardware or in cloud
Third Party Control, Phone Theft Bread BRD, Mycelium, TrustWallet,
Eclaire, MetaMask mobile
Hardware Offline storage on hardware
device
Loss of hardware, loss of PIN Ledger, Trezor
Paper Physical printout of public and
private keys
Paper Loss BitAddress.org, Bitcoin Armory
Brain Memorized Seed Phrase (24
words) or private key
Memory Loss, Demencia
35. There is a saying in the crypto world: “not your keys — not your coins!” and this is essentially true, because
when you keep your coins on the exchange, practically it means that the coins are stored in the exchange's
wallet, a wallet (and private keys) which is within the exchange's control.
Exchanges can get hacked, examples:
• 2020: KuCoin ($150m)
• 2019: Binance (7,000 BTC)
• 2019: Coinmama (450,000k user emails/passwords)
• 2019: Cryptopia (19,390 ETH)
• 2019: HitBTC (unknown)
• 2018: QuadrigaCX (26,350 BTC)
• 2018: PureBit ($30,000,000/13,000 ETH)
• 2018: MapleChange (913 BTC)
• 2018: Zaif (5,966 BTC)
„Not your keys, not your coins“
35Source: CoinDesk
40. • To connect blockchains with the physical world (e.g. price of
commodities, temperature, flight delays, weather conditions) is a big
challenge.
• An oracle is an agent that finds and verifies real world occurrences and
submits this information to a blockchain to be used by smart contracts.
• This agent can be software, hardware (IoT), or human.
Blockchain Oracles
40Source: https://blockchainhub.net/blockchain-oracles/
41. • The main challenge with oracles is that people need to trust these outside sources of information,
whether they come from a website or a sensor.
• Since oracles are third-party services that are not part of the blockchain consensus mechanism, they are
not subject to the underlying security mechanisms that this public infrastructure provides. One could
replicate “man-in-the-middle attacks” standing between contracts and oracles.
• The robustness assurance of this “second layer” is of utmost importance. Different trusted computing
techniques can be used as a way of solving these issues.
• Oracles are the bottleneck for smart contract security. If oracle security is not adequately provided, it will
be a show stopper for widespread smart contract implementation.
Oracles are the biggest challenge in Token Design
41Source: https://blockchainhub.net/blockchain-oracles/