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Diffusion of Innovation
The document outlines the diffusion of innovation process, highlighting how innovations are communicated within a social system over time. It describes the characteristics of innovation, the stages of the innovation-decision process, and the psychological aspects involved in each stage, such as knowledge, persuasion, decision, implementation, and confirmation. Additionally, it discusses the potential for individuals to change their initial adoption decisions based on conflicting information.
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Diffusion of Innovation
- 1. Definition : Diffusionof Innovation Diffusion is the process by which an innovation is communicated through certain channels over time among the members of social system Charmi Popat (03) SVKM’s NMIMS SPP SPTM (School of Pharmacy & Technology Management) 2/3/2014
- 2. Characteristics of Innovation Relativeadvantage Compatibility Complexity Trialability Observability 2/3/2014
- 3. The innovation -decision process It is a process that occurs over time & consists of series of actions Knowledge Persuasion Decision Implementatio n Confirmation 2/3/2014
- 4. Knowledge It occurs whenan individual is exposed to innovation’s existence & gains some understanding of how it functions What comes 1st needs or awareness? Mental activity – knowing Chicken-or-egg problem 2/3/2014
- 5. Persuasion It occurs whenan individual forms a favorable or unfavorable attitude towards the innovation Psychological involvement of the individual Affective (feeling) Example: New molecule in the market 2/3/2014
- 6. Decision It occurs whenan individual engages in activities that lead to a choice to adopt or reject the innovation Example: Pre filled syringes Decision Adoption Rejection Active Rejection Passive Rejection 2/3/2014
- 7. Implementation It occurs whenan individual puts an innovation to use Behavioral change Write the Rx Require technical assistance 2/3/2014
- 8. Confirmation It occurs whenan individual seeks reinforcement of an innovation – decision already made, but he or she may reverse this previous decision if exposed to conflicting messages about the innovation Dissonance Confirmation Replacement Discontinuance Disenchantment 2/3/2014
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Editor's Notes
- #3 Treating Asthma on the CheapFor people who suffer from asthma, most treatment involves an “MDI” or “metered dose inhaler.”I won’t get into all the specifics here, but many people don’t use inhalers correctly which, in turn, significantly decreases the effectiveness of the inhaler. Putting the inhaler in your mouth and actuating it causes a substantial proportion of the medicine to be sprayed either on your tongue, on the roof of your mouth, or on the back of your throat. Ideally, patients should hold the inhaler 2 inches (2-3 finger breadths) in front of their mouth, open their mouth, actuate the inhaler, and then inhale deeply – with their mouth still open. Looks dorky, but that is what gets the most medications into your lungs. Often patients have difficulty coordinating the actions.Here is a link describing proper MDI use.Enter the spacer device. The spacer is a hollow chamber that fits on the end of a metered dose inhaler. The dose of medicine is sprayed into the chamber where it forms a mist. The patient then inhales the medicine from the other end of the inhaler so the particles get deeper into the lungs.Here’s a link about use of spacer devices. Use of a spacer device can increase the amount of medication delivered to the lungs by 300%.While a spacer device can make you better, they’re expensive. You can get them fromCanada for $65. In the US, they’re more like $80 to $100. If you lose them or they crack, you’re out another $100 to replace them.So a patient came to the ED and was having trouble controlling her asthma. I recommended a spacer device to help her – in addition to adding steroids to her regimen. She told me that other doctors had recommended a spacer, but that money was tight and she couldn’t afford one.