More Related Content Similar to Diagnosis of Pregnancy (20) Diagnosis of Pregnancy4. Calculated from first day of last menstrual period
Called as menstrual age / GA
Fertilization age – 266 days
Ovulation – 266 days
8. PA - Uterus not palpable
Jaequemier’s sign / Chadwick's sign
Bluish colouration of vagina – local vascular
congestion
Nonirritating mucoid discharge
vascularity
11. Immunological tests for diagnosis of preg
Principle
Detection of hCG antigen in maternal urine & serum
Various kits available
13. Gravindex test – slide test
Put one drop of urine on the slide
If one line present - not pregnant
If two lines present - pregnant
15. Selection of time
8 to 11 days after conception
i:e within a wk after missing of period
Not reliable after 12 wks
17. Uses of preg tests
To confirm intra uterine pregnancy
To diagnose ectopic pregnancy
To monitor or follow up molar pregnancy & chorio
carcinoma
18. Test accuracy
98.6 to 99%
Non preg level – 1 mIU / ml
Limitations – Accuracy affected, due to
Haemoglobin, Albumin, LH, Immunological diseases
20. USG
Intra uterine gest sac + Yolk sac - 5th
wk
Foetal pole, cardiac activity – 6 wks
Embryonic movements – 7 wks
GA – 7 & 12 wks
23. Secondary areola – 20 wks
Montgomery tubercles over secondary areola
Colostrum – thick & yellowish – 16 wks
Linear pigmented line – linea nigra & striae - 20 wks
26. Fundal height – increased progressively
Just palpable – 14 wks
Between symphisis & umbilicus – 16 wks
At umbilicus – 24 wks
28. Xiphi sternum – 36 wks
3 fingers above – umbilicus – 28 wks
6 fingers above – umbilicus – 32 wks
31. Fetal Heart Sounds
Auscultation of FHS – 18 to 20 wks
120 – 160 beats per min / over – 140
Uterine soufflé
Systolic murmur synchronous with maternal pulse
due increased blood flow through dilated uterine
vessels
33. Funic or foetal soufflé
Rush of blood through umbilical arteries – soft,
blowing murmur synchronous with foetal heart
sounds
35. For GA
BPD / HC / AC / FL
MRI : To rule out anomalies
X- ray – foetal skeleton – 16th
wk
37. Lightening at 38 wks – Shelving sign
Falling forward of ut
Engagement of presenting part
Liquor
38. Foetal movements / FH Sounds present
Foetal parts
FHS not heard – IUD / obesity / polyhydramnios
Sonography