Dec 2106- ONCOLOGY CARTOONS
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This document appears to be a newsletter or e-book with summaries of oncology research articles and case studies from March 2024 to mid-April 2024. It includes summaries on topics like radiotherapy dosing in head and neck cancer, genetic factors in breast cancer treatment, algorithms for surveillance of colorectal polyps, emerging tracers in neuro-oncology, target delineation workflows for various cancer sites, radiation therapy options for pituitary adenoma, comparisons of APBI guidelines for breast cancer, and associations between Chlamydia psittaci and orbital MALT lymphoma. The document also notes that April is National Oral Cancer Awareness Month.
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1. The document discusses target delineation and radiation therapy workflow for anal cancer, including definitions of gross tumor volume (GTV) and clinical target volumes (CTVs) based on anatomical locations.
2. It provides guidelines for determining margins around the GTV and nearby anatomical structures to create the CTVs for the primary tumor (CTVp), involved nodes (CTVn), and elective nodal regions (CTVnLR) to cover possible microscopic disease.
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This document appears to be a newsletter or e-book with summaries of oncology research articles and case studies from March 2024 to mid-April 2024. It includes summaries on topics like radiotherapy dosing in head and neck cancer, genetic factors in breast cancer treatment, algorithms for surveillance of colorectal polyps, emerging tracers in neuro-oncology, target delineation workflows for various cancer sites, radiation therapy options for pituitary adenoma, comparisons of APBI guidelines for breast cancer, and associations between Chlamydia psittaci and orbital MALT lymphoma. The document also notes that April is National Oral Cancer Awareness Month.
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1. The document discusses target delineation and radiation therapy workflow for anal cancer, including definitions of gross tumor volume (GTV) and clinical target volumes (CTVs) based on anatomical locations.
2. It provides guidelines for determining margins around the GTV and nearby anatomical structures to create the CTVs for the primary tumor (CTVp), involved nodes (CTVn), and elective nodal regions (CTVnLR) to cover possible microscopic disease.
3. Treatment planning volumes (PTVs) are created by adding margins to the CTVs, with the PTV-HR receiving the full prescription dose and the PTV-LR receiving a lower dose.
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Oncology cartoons by Dr Kanhu Charan Patro
This document provides guidance on target volume delineation for vulval cancer from the Royal College of Radiologists. It outlines the clinical target volume (CTV) for different disease sites, including the vulva, mons pubis, vagina, anorectum, urethra and pelvic nodes. Contouring workflows and organ-at-risk constraints are also discussed. Recommendations are given for radiation dose and treatment of resectable and unresectable head and neck cancer. The final item notes that smoking increases the risk of kidney cancer.
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Molecular Profile of Endometrial cancer.
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1. Radiotherapy plays a crucial role in the treatment of head and neck cancers, both as a primary treatment and in combination with surgery. It is used for cancers of the nasopharynx, larynx, hypopharynx, and as postoperative treatment for most oral cancers.
2. Advances in radiotherapy technology such as IMRT have allowed for better tumor targeting while minimizing doses to surrounding healthy tissues, reducing treatment toxicities. Imaging techniques such as PET-CT provide improved visualization of tumors and affected lymph nodes, helping determine accurate target volumes.
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Here are the key points about the hepatitis B vaccine and liver cancer:
- Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection can lead to chronic hepatitis B and significantly increase the risk of developing liver cancer later in life.
- The hepatitis B vaccine is effective at preventing HBV infection and therefore helps prevent liver cancers caused by the virus. It was the first vaccine referred to as an "anti-cancer" vaccine by the FDA.
- Around 25% of people with chronic HBV infection may develop liver cancer according to the CDC. Getting vaccinated helps avoid this risk.
- The hepatitis B vaccine is available and affordable in India, ranging from around 45 rupees per pediatric dose to 250 rupees for the
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1) Dr. KanhuCharanPatro is a radiation oncologist who specializes in stereotactic radiation oncology for treating cancers like urinary bladder cancer.
2) The document discusses trimodal therapy (TMT) versus radical cystectomy (surgery to remove the bladder) for treating urinary bladder cancer, citing evidence from studies that TMT may provide comparable survival outcomes to cystectomy with fewer side effects and better quality of life.
3) A meta-analysis of over 50,000 patients found that TMT had non-inferior overall survival rates to cystectomy at over 10 years and may be a reasonable alternative for patients who cannot undergo or do not want surgery.
ROSE CASE CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIA SBRT
1) Stereotactic arrhythmia radioablation (STAR) is a non-invasive technique using SBRT to treat refractory ventricular tachycardia (VT).
2) The first human case was reported in 2015 where a single fraction of 33Gy targeted to the scar substrate significantly reduced the VT burden.
3) Target delineation involves multimodality cardiac imaging including CT, MRI, nuclear imaging and electroanatomical mapping to identify and track the scar substrate through the cardiac cycle.
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This document discusses contrast clearance analysis (CCA) for differentiating tumor recurrence from radiation necrosis in brain tumors. CCA analyzes contrast enhancement on MRI scans obtained minutes and hours after contrast administration. Tumor tissue shows effective contrast clearance over time and appears blue on CCA, while necrotic tissue accumulates contrast and appears red. CCA has shown high diagnostic accuracy for this differentiation compared to standard MRI. The document provides examples of CCA images for different types of brain lesions, demonstrating the visualization of tumor versus reactive tissue.
SRS SBRT WORKFLOW.pptx
This document discusses the management of diffuse gliomas and outlines the workflow for stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT). It covers topics such as target delineation, motion management, dose prescription, plan evaluation, quality assurance, and the importance of education. Strict immobilization and minimizing errors are emphasized for SRS and SBRT. Various motion management systems and techniques for different tumor sites are presented. Metrics for evaluating plan quality like coverage, conformity, homogeneity and dose to organs-at-risk are defined. The document stresses the need to balance optimal target coverage while restricting dose to nearby organs.
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RADIATION PROCEDURE ADVICE FOR PATIENTS
Radiation is a simple procedure that requires patient cooperation. It typically involves mask preparation, CT planning scans, and 15 minute daily sessions for 4-7 weeks. Diet, hydration, avoiding smoke/alcohol, and meeting with doctors weekly are important. Common side effects like skin darkening are usually temporary, while complications like pneumonia are very rare. Follow-up visits assess tumor response and determine any additional treatment.
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1. The document discusses various topics related to oncology including bladder cancer treatment with GC vs MVAC, use of tumor treating fields for glioblastoma, omitting radiotherapy after breast-conserving surgery for luminal variants, sources used in brachytherapy, and dose/volume outcomes for organs after radiation therapy.
2. It also provides information on response criteria for bone metastases, what oncologists want in lung cancer imaging, effects of alterations in radiotherapy scheduling, dose fractionation for oligometastatic diseases, and CTV definition for stage 1 non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
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This document provides guidance on target volume delineation for vulval cancer from the Royal College of Radiologists. It outlines the clinical target volume (CTV) for different disease sites, including the vulva, mons pubis, vagina, anorectum, urethra and pelvic nodes. Contouring workflows and organ-at-risk constraints are also discussed. Recommendations are given for radiation dose and treatment of resectable and unresectable head and neck cancer. The final item notes that smoking increases the risk of kidney cancer.
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This document discusses cervical cancer awareness month in January and provides 3 recommendations: 1) Be loyal to your partner to reduce risk of HPV infection, 2) Maintain genital hygiene, 3) Get vaccinated against HPV to prevent cervical cancer, and 4) Get screened regularly to detect cervical cancer early.
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This document discusses types of data in statistics. It defines qualitative and quantitative data, and describes different types of quantitative data like discrete, continuous, ordinal, and nominal. Examples of love and fight data are provided to illustrate these concepts. The document concludes with a short poem about not fighting in marriage.
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This document discusses stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for the treatment of cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). It begins by explaining what an AVM is and the risks they pose if untreated, such as bleeding in the brain. It then covers treatment options for AVMs and why SRS is often preferred for certain cases, such as when the AVM is in an eloquent or deep brain area. The document provides details on patient selection, imaging and planning for SRS, anticipated outcomes, and risks of treatment complications. It emphasizes the importance of multidisciplinary discussion and informed consent when determining if SRS is appropriate for a patient's individual AVM.
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1) SBRT is an effective treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT). In a study of 70 HCC patients with PVTT treated with SBRT, median survival was 10 months and 6-month and 12-month survival rates were 67.3% and 40% respectively.
2) Patients who received SBRT combined with transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) had significantly longer survival compared to those who did not receive TACE after SBRT.
3) SBRT is a promising bridging therapy prior to liver transplantation or hepatectomy by downstaging PVTT to make these curative procedures possible.
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1. Radiotherapy plays a crucial role in the treatment of head and neck cancers, both as a primary treatment and in combination with surgery. It is used for cancers of the nasopharynx, larynx, hypopharynx, and as postoperative treatment for most oral cancers.
2. Advances in radiotherapy technology such as IMRT have allowed for better tumor targeting while minimizing doses to surrounding healthy tissues, reducing treatment toxicities. Imaging techniques such as PET-CT provide improved visualization of tumors and affected lymph nodes, helping determine accurate target volumes.
3. Organ preservation approaches using radiotherapy and chemotherapy are increasingly used to treat head and neck cancers, avoiding disfiguring surgeries while achieving high
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Here are the key points about the hepatitis B vaccine and liver cancer:
- Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection can lead to chronic hepatitis B and significantly increase the risk of developing liver cancer later in life.
- The hepatitis B vaccine is effective at preventing HBV infection and therefore helps prevent liver cancers caused by the virus. It was the first vaccine referred to as an "anti-cancer" vaccine by the FDA.
- Around 25% of people with chronic HBV infection may develop liver cancer according to the CDC. Getting vaccinated helps avoid this risk.
- The hepatitis B vaccine is available and affordable in India, ranging from around 45 rupees per pediatric dose to 250 rupees for the
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1) Dr. KanhuCharanPatro is a radiation oncologist who specializes in stereotactic radiation oncology for treating cancers like urinary bladder cancer.
2) The document discusses trimodal therapy (TMT) versus radical cystectomy (surgery to remove the bladder) for treating urinary bladder cancer, citing evidence from studies that TMT may provide comparable survival outcomes to cystectomy with fewer side effects and better quality of life.
3) A meta-analysis of over 50,000 patients found that TMT had non-inferior overall survival rates to cystectomy at over 10 years and may be a reasonable alternative for patients who cannot undergo or do not want surgery.
ROSE CASE CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIA SBRT
1) Stereotactic arrhythmia radioablation (STAR) is a non-invasive technique using SBRT to treat refractory ventricular tachycardia (VT).
2) The first human case was reported in 2015 where a single fraction of 33Gy targeted to the scar substrate significantly reduced the VT burden.
3) Target delineation involves multimodality cardiac imaging including CT, MRI, nuclear imaging and electroanatomical mapping to identify and track the scar substrate through the cardiac cycle.
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This document discusses contrast clearance analysis (CCA) for differentiating tumor recurrence from radiation necrosis in brain tumors. CCA analyzes contrast enhancement on MRI scans obtained minutes and hours after contrast administration. Tumor tissue shows effective contrast clearance over time and appears blue on CCA, while necrotic tissue accumulates contrast and appears red. CCA has shown high diagnostic accuracy for this differentiation compared to standard MRI. The document provides examples of CCA images for different types of brain lesions, demonstrating the visualization of tumor versus reactive tissue.
SRS SBRT WORKFLOW.pptx
This document discusses the management of diffuse gliomas and outlines the workflow for stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT). It covers topics such as target delineation, motion management, dose prescription, plan evaluation, quality assurance, and the importance of education. Strict immobilization and minimizing errors are emphasized for SRS and SBRT. Various motion management systems and techniques for different tumor sites are presented. Metrics for evaluating plan quality like coverage, conformity, homogeneity and dose to organs-at-risk are defined. The document stresses the need to balance optimal target coverage while restricting dose to nearby organs.
CARING OF BEDRIDDEN PATIENTS
This document provides guidance for caretakers of neurological or bedridden patients. It outlines 29 topics related to caring for patients with neurological disorders, with 3 sentences or less summarizing each topic. The document aims to assist not only the author's patients but any caretakers in navigating common challenges. It is intended to be accessible to help as many people as possible care for neurological patients.
RADIATION PROCEDURE ADVICE FOR PATIENTS
Radiation is a simple procedure that requires patient cooperation. It typically involves mask preparation, CT planning scans, and 15 minute daily sessions for 4-7 weeks. Diet, hydration, avoiding smoke/alcohol, and meeting with doctors weekly are important. Common side effects like skin darkening are usually temporary, while complications like pneumonia are very rare. Follow-up visits assess tumor response and determine any additional treatment.
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This document provides a daily schedule and summaries of topics related to oncology for the month of September and October 2023. Each day covers a different topic such as stereotaxy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, staging of cancers, bone marrow transplantation, pain management, breaking bad news protocols, paraneoplastic syndromes, and more. References and resources are provided for additional information on each topic.
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1. The document discusses various topics related to oncology including bladder cancer treatment with GC vs MVAC, use of tumor treating fields for glioblastoma, omitting radiotherapy after breast-conserving surgery for luminal variants, sources used in brachytherapy, and dose/volume outcomes for organs after radiation therapy.
2. It also provides information on response criteria for bone metastases, what oncologists want in lung cancer imaging, effects of alterations in radiotherapy scheduling, dose fractionation for oligometastatic diseases, and CTV definition for stage 1 non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
3. Further, it discusses main RCTs that have influenced rectal cancer management, RCT of radi
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