Deadly-force in self-defense: Legality checklist
1 Didn’t initiate altercation or contribute to bringing it about? 
2 Reasonable to fear imminent danger of death or serious bodily harm? 
3 Evidence of fearing imminent danger? 
4 Shot intentionally? 
5 Didn't kill intentionally? 
6 Only defense against physical injury or death? 
7 No prior ill will, premeditation, or intent to confront? 
8 No alternative but to use deadly force? 
9 No alternative to avoid? 
10 No opportunity (or requirement) to safely retreat? 
11 Castle doctrine (home) involved? 
12 Compliant with state law for deadly force? 
"A situation of immediate danger of death or great bodily harm to oneself or other innocent persons."
Considerations: The "deadly dozen" above. Or 5 elements for justified use of force:
Acronym “PIRAI”: Proportionality, Innocence, Reasonableness, Avoidance, and Imminence.
Or Massad Ayoob's AOJ Triad: Assailant: Ability/Opportunity/Jeopardy. Self: Mantle of Innocence.
Sean Maloney's 6 exceptions: Initial Aggressor, Provocation, Escalation, Committing Felony or
Unlawful Act, Mutual Combat, Reengagements and Pursuit. And hire a great lawyer!
Copyright 2023: William J. Bahr, author "Strategic Advantage: Winning in War, Business, and Life"

Deadly Force Checklist 2.pdf

  • 1.
    Deadly-force in self-defense:Legality checklist 1 Didn’t initiate altercation or contribute to bringing it about?  2 Reasonable to fear imminent danger of death or serious bodily harm?  3 Evidence of fearing imminent danger?  4 Shot intentionally?  5 Didn't kill intentionally?  6 Only defense against physical injury or death?  7 No prior ill will, premeditation, or intent to confront?  8 No alternative but to use deadly force?  9 No alternative to avoid?  10 No opportunity (or requirement) to safely retreat?  11 Castle doctrine (home) involved?  12 Compliant with state law for deadly force?  "A situation of immediate danger of death or great bodily harm to oneself or other innocent persons." Considerations: The "deadly dozen" above. Or 5 elements for justified use of force: Acronym “PIRAI”: Proportionality, Innocence, Reasonableness, Avoidance, and Imminence. Or Massad Ayoob's AOJ Triad: Assailant: Ability/Opportunity/Jeopardy. Self: Mantle of Innocence. Sean Maloney's 6 exceptions: Initial Aggressor, Provocation, Escalation, Committing Felony or Unlawful Act, Mutual Combat, Reengagements and Pursuit. And hire a great lawyer! Copyright 2023: William J. Bahr, author "Strategic Advantage: Winning in War, Business, and Life"