Data structures organize data in a specialized format for efficient organization, processing, storage, and retrieval of information. They include primitive data types like integers, floats, characters, and booleans that occupy fixed memory sizes, as well as non-primitive types like arrays that can store sequential collections of elements of the same type. Common data structures are arrays, sparse matrices with mostly zero elements, and stacks which follow last-in first-out ordering for operations like push to insert and pop to remove top elements.

2. Data structures are a specific way of organizing
data in a specialized format on a computer so that
the information can be organized, processed,
stored, and retrieved quickly and effectively. They
are a means of handling information, rendering
the data for easy use.

3. create a program:
header file
main function
block of statement between a curly braces
semicolon at end of the each statement in a block
# include<stdio.h>
printf();
scanf();
getc();
putc();

4. #include<conio.h>
clrscr();
getch();
textcolor();
#include<math.h>
#include<string.h>

5. SYNTAX FOR PROGRAM:
# include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
int main()
{
.................. ;
................... ;
............... ;
return;
}

7. PRIMITIVE DATA TYPE:
int = this ia a data type which is used to represent a numbers in a
programming.It occupies 2 or 4 bytes in a memory location.
float = this is a data type which is used to represent a decimal
values . It occupies bytes 4 in a memory location.
char = this ia a data type which is used to represent a alphabets in
a programming.It occupies 1 byte in a memory location.
boolean =this expression is a logical statement that is either TRUE or
FALSE. It occupies 2 bytes in a memory location.

8. NON PRIMITIVE DATA TYPE:
Arrays a kind of data structure that can store a fixed-size
sequential collection of elements of the same type.
ARRAY:
data type arrayName [ arraySize ];
SYNTAX:

10. // Program to take 5 values from the user and store them in an array
// Print the elements stored in the array
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int values[5];
printf("Enter 5 integers: ");
// taking input and storing it in an array
for(int i = 0; i < 5; ++i) {
scanf("%d", &values[i]);
}
printf("Displaying integers: ");
// printing elements of an array
for(int i = 0; i < 5; ++i) {
printf("%dn", values[i]);
}
return 0;
}

11. Enter 5 integers: 1
-3
34
0
3
Displaying integers: 1
-3
34
0
3
OUTPUT:

12. sparse matrices:
This ia an array which consists more zero element than non
zero value.
ex:
0 8 0 0
9 0 0 0
0 0 7 0

13. Stack is a linear data structure that follows a particular order in
which the operations are performed. The order may be
LIFO(Last In First Out)
stack:

14. stack operations:
push() = insert the element at top
pop() = pick up the element at the top
peek() =to know the value of element which entered last
top() = to know the ind value