Cypress Development (TSX.V: CYP) (OTCQB: CYDVF) is a Canadian advanced stage lithium company, focused on developing its 100%-owned Clayton Valley Lithium Project in Nevada, USA. Work completed by Cypress led to the discovery of a world-class resource of lithium-bearing claystone adjacent to the Albemarle Silver Peak mine, North America's only lithium brine operation. The results of a positive Pre-Feasibility Study for the Clayton Valley Lithium Project were announced by Cypress Development in June 2020.
2. 2
Cautionary Statement
CYPRESS DEVELOPMENT CORP
TECHNICAL INFORMATION
Scientific and technical information in this presentation about the
Cayton Valley Lithium Project was reviewed and approved by William
Willoughby, PhD, PE, Cypress Development Corp.’s President, CEO
and Director and a qualified person under National Instrument 43-
101 Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects (NI 43-101). More
detailed information about the Clayton Valley Lithium Project,
including a description of key assumptions, parameters, methods
and risks, is presented in the NI 43-101 technical report of Cypress
Development Corp. dated effective August 5, 2020 – amended
March 15, 2021, titled “NI 43-101 Technical Report Prefeasibility
Study Clayton Valley Lithium Project Esmeralda County, Nevada”,
available on SEDAR.
The Mineral Resource and Mineral Reserve estimates contained in
this presentation were prepared in accordance with the requirements
of securities laws in effect in Canada, including NI 43-101, which
governs Canadian securities law disclosure requirements for mineral
properties. NI 43-101 differs significantly from the requirements of
the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) that
are applicable to domestic United States reporting companies. Any
mineral reserves and mineral resources reported by the Company
herein may not be comparable with information made public by
United States companies subject to the SEC’s reporting and
disclosure requirements.
ADDITIONAL REFERENCE MATERIALS
This presentation should be read in conjunction with Cypress
Development Corp.’s (Company) news releases, latest Management
Discussion and Analysis and Financial Statements for the six
months ended June 30, 2021, Technical Reports, Annual Information
Form and Management Information Circular, for full details of the
information referenced throughout this presentation. These
documents are available on the Company’s website at
www.cypressdevelopment.com or on SEDAR.
FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS
This document contains forward looking statements and information
within the meaning of applicable Canadian and United States
securities legislation and readers should read the cautionary notes
contained on the slide titled “Forward Looking Statements &
Disclaimer” in the Appendix of this document.
3. 3
Highlights
CYPRESS DEVELOPMENT CORP
✓ Large lithium clay deposit in Nevada
✓ Strategically located between Reno and Las Vegas
✓
✓ Preliminary Economic Assessment - October 2018
✓ Pre-Feasibility Study - March 2021
✓ 40+ year life of mine
✓ Multi-million tonne LCE Resources & Reserves
✓ Water Rights Agreement
✓ Pilot Plant - lithium extraction from clay has commenced
✓ Feasibility Study
✓ Project permitting ongoing
Extracting Lithium From Clay
Large Resource
Advanced Stage Project
Near-Term Catalysts
4. 4
Project History
CYPRESS DEVELOPMENT CORP
2016
2018
2020
2017
2019
✓ Cypress acquires mining claims
✓ Drilling and metallurgical tests
✓ Success with sulfuric acid extraction
✓ Extension drilling
✓ Preliminary Economic Assessment
✓ In-fill drilling
✓ Metallurgical testing
✓ Prefeasibility Study
✓ Additional resources added
✓ Success with chloride leaching
2021 ✓ Pre-Feasibility Study amended
✓ BOT Deal financing $19.55M
✓ Pilot Plant site leased (Amargosa Valley)
✓ Admin site leased & upgraded (Tonopah Airport)
✓ Pilot Plant equipment purchased & assembled
✓ Definitive Water Rights Agreement Finalized US$3.0M
✓ Direct Lithium Extraction (DLE) license purchase with
CHEMIONEX INC. (1M shares)
✓ Commenced pilot plant testing
5. 5
CYPRESS DEVELOPMENT CORP
Issued & Outstanding 131.6 M
Warrants 12.3 M
Options 7.3 M
Fully Diluted 151.2 M
Market Capitalization ~$ 295 M
Cash Position* ~$ 19.8 M
TSXV 52 Week High – Low
OTC 52 Week High – Low
$2.61 – $0.54
US$2.13 – $0.42
TSXV: CYP
OTC: CYDVF
Updated on November 30th, 2021
* As at September 30th, 2021
6. Board of Directors
CYPRESS DEVELOPMENT CORP
Cassandra Joseph, Esq.
CHAIR
20+ years legal experience in mining and metals,
environmental and corporate law
William Willoughby, PhD, PE
PRESIDENT, CEO & DIRECTOR
45+ years of experience in all aspects of natural
resources development, production and financing
Bryan Disher
DIRECTOR
37+ years of experience in corporate finance, retired
partner from PwC Canada, CPA, CA
Don Myers
DIRECTOR
35+ years experience in management and investor
relations for resource and technology companies
Ken Owen M.Sc
DIRECTOR
40+ years experience in mining management
including De Beers, Anglo American and SRK
James G. Pettit
DIRECTOR
30+ years experience in corporate finance,
executive management & compliance
6
7. Management
CYPRESS DEVELOPMENT CORP
7
William Willoughby, PhD, PE
PRESIDENT, CEO & DIRECTOR
41+ years of experience in all aspects of natural
resources development, production and financing
Abraham (Braam) Jonker, CPA, CA
CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER
30+ years experience in natural resources and
accomplished financial leader in the mining
industry
Daniel Kalmbach, CPG
MANAGER, GEOLOGY
22+ years experience in natural resources geology
and environmental project management
Adam Knight, PE
PROJECT MANAGER
26+ years experience in management and
operations of mining corporations
Spiros Cacos, MA
VICE PRESIDENT, INVESTOR REALTIONS
20+ years experience in investor relations, ranging
from exploration and development to production
8. 8
Lithium: US “Critical Mineral”
CYPRESS DEVELOPMENT CORP
✓ US Government designated Lithium as a “Critical Mineral”
of strategic importance in December 2017. (Executive
Order 13817 – A Federal Strategy to Ensure, Secure and
Reliable Supplies of Critical Minerals)
✓ “Critical Mineral” designation favours domestic sources of
Lithium across the supply chain
✓ Section 3 of the policy calls for identification of new
sources of the minerals, increasing exploration mining and
processing and streamlining permitting
9. Lithium-ion Battery Demand by End Use Sector
9
CYPRESS DEVELOPMENT CORP
This chart outlines the key drivers of demand for lithium-ion batteries over the forecast period. The major
growth area is EVs, followed by stationary (grid) applications. In our base case scenario we expect
demand will be 135,000 MWH in 2018, reaching 760,000 MWH by 2025, and 4M MWH by 2035.
SOURCE: BENCHMARK MINERAL INTELLIGENCE – CYPRESS DEVELOPMENT CORP – AUGUST 2018
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031 2032 2033 2034 2035
Stationary
Other
Electric Vehicles
EV Downside
EV Upside
10. * Adjoining Cypress
Nevada Lithium Projects
CYPRESS DEVELOPMENT CORP
Host COMPANY PROJECT PROJECT STATUS
Brine Albemarle * Silver Peak Operation Producing
Schlumberger/ Pure Energy * Clayton Valley PEA, Pilot Plant, Permitted
Clay / Claystone Ioneer Rhyolite Ridge Feasibility, Pilot Plant
Lithium Americas Thacker Pass PFS, POO, Pilot Plant
Cypress Development Clayton Valley PFS, Pilot Plant
Iconic Bonnie Claire PEA
American Lithium
Noram Lithium *
Enertopia *
Spearmint *
Tonopah
Zeus
Clayton Valley
McGee
Resource Estimate
10
11. 11
Project Location
CYPRESS DEVELOPMENT CORP
Clayton Valley
Lithium Project
Amargosa Valley Pilot
Plant
Project
✓ 100% owned
✓ 3% NSR
✓ Option to buy-down to 1% for $2M
Administration Site
✓ At Tonopah Airport Industrial Park
✓ Office, outbuildings & containment area
Pilot Plant
✓ Near U.S. Highway 95
✓ Private property with permitting in place
✓ Fully staffed facility
12. 12
Pre-Feasibility Study Results *
CYPRESS DEVELOPMENT CORP
25.8%
Internal Rate of Return (IRR)
$1.03 billion
Net Present Value (NPV 8%)
4.4 years
Payback Period
15,000 tpd for 40 years
Operating Rate
$493 million over 2 years
Capital Cost Estimate
83%
Net Lithium Recovery
$9,500/tonne
Base Case Price for Lithium Carbonate
27,400 tonnes
Average Production Lithium Carbonate
$3,387/tonne
Operating Cost for Lithium
After-Tax Cash Flow Analysis ($US)
* Effective Date August 5, 2020
Amended March 15, 2021
13. 13
Deposit Features
CYPRESS DEVELOPMENT CORP
✓ Extensive flat-lying deposit
✓ Lithium in illite and montmorillonite clays to
depth of at least 150m below surface
✓ Minimal gravel overburden
✓ Soft clay, requires no drilling & blasting
✓ Leachable clay, low acid consumption
✓ Potential by-products, including REEs
14. 14
Resources
CYPRESS DEVELOPMENT CORP
INDICATED
Tonnes (Million) Li ppm Tonnes LCE (million)
1,304 905 6.3
Reserves PROBABLE RESERVE
Tonnes (Million) Li ppm Tonnes LCE (Million)
213 1,129 1.28
Note: See footnotes on determination of Resources and Reserves in the Appendix and the Prefeasibility Study; effective date August 5, 2020 - amended March 15, 2021.
15. 15
PFS Design Assumptions
CYPRESS DEVELOPMENT CORP
✓ Operating rate of 15,000 tpd
✓ 5.5 million tpy mill feed @ 1100 ppm Li
✓ 40-year mine life
✓ < 0.3 : 1 strip ratio (O/B to feed)
✓ Conveyor from pit to leach plant
✓ 2,500 tpd sulfuric acid plant on site
✓ Agitated tank leaching followed by DLE recovery
of Lithium
✓ Production of Lithium Hydroxide on-site
✓ Production estimate of 27,400 tonnes LCE
TAILINGS
PIT
Waste
PLANT
Low
grade
16. 16
Processing Options
CYPRESS DEVELOPMENT CORP
Mining
Feed
Preparation
Leaching Filtration
Lithium
Recovery
Lithium
Product
Tailings
Acid
Plant
Process
Water
Return to
Process Water
Mining
Feed
Preparation
Leaching Filtration
Lithium
Recovery
Lithium
Product
Tailings
Acid
Plant
Process
Water
Return to
Process Water
Sulfuric Acid (H2SO4)
Sulfur
(trucked to site)
Electric Power
(No Co-Gen)
Hydrochloric Acid (HCl)
Co-Gen Power NaCl
(brine)
Easier Filtration = Better Washing of Tailings
Higher Slurry Density = Less Process Water Required
Sulfuric Acid Plant Minimizes External Power
Note: PFS Base Case
HCl
H2SO4
NaOH
✓ Greener Alternative
17. 17
Pilot Plant Configuration
CYPRESS DEVELOPMENT CORP
Sample Feed
Leach Tank
Thickener
Tailings Thickeners
Belt Filter
Primary & Secondary
Impurity Removal
Lionex
Lithium
Recovery
Tertiary
Impurity Removal
Tank
Tank
Tank
Tank
Tailings
Bag
Tank
18. 18
Pilot Plant Objectives
CYPRESS DEVELOPMENT CORP
PLANT AREA OBJECTIVE
Overall ✓ Optimize lithium extraction
Leaching ✓ Feed size, time and conditions
Tailings ✓ Washing, moisture content
Solution Treatment ✓ PIR/SIR/TIR performance
Lionex Process ✓ Efficiency, optimize costs
LiOH Product ✓ Quality of product
ClorAlkali ✓ Purity of solution
19. 19
Pilot Plant
CYPRESS DEVELOPMENT CORP
Amargosa Valley Site
✓ Permitted for operation
✓ Existing facility
✓ Management and operators in place
21. 21
Environmental & Social Governance
CYPRESS DEVELOPMENT CORP
✓ Initial baseline studies completed
✓ Project design considers minimizing environmental impact
✓ Opportunities for renewable energy to be also considered
✓ Focus on effective water and land management
✓ Commitment to working with local communities for a safe and
sustainable operation
✓ Additional ESG consultant/advisor being selected
22. 22
Summary
CYPRESS DEVELOPMENT CORP
✓ Advanced stage
✓ Large lithium claystone deposit
✓ Favourable location, mining & processing
✓ Water Rights Agreement in place
The Project
✓ Strong treasury - $19.8M
✓ Additional $6.9M from warrants exercised from
Oct 1 – Nov 29th
✓ Experienced management
The Company
Pilot Plant Program
✓ Construction completed
✓ Testing underway
Low-Cost Processing
✓ Leachable Clay, Low Acid Consumption
✓ Potential By-products, Including REEs
23. 23
Upcoming Catalysts
CYPRESS DEVELOPMENT CORP
WATER RIGHTS PURCHASE
Definitive Agreement Finalised
Executed by all parties
Conditions for Closing
Transfer to Cypress
PILOT PLANT
Pilot Plant Complete
Extraction testing of lithium-bearing claystone has commenced
Results Q1 2022
FEASIBILITY STUDY
2022
PERMITTING
Ongoing
25. Current Lithium Supply and Breakdown by End-Use
248,583
122,068
126,515
Battery
Demand
Other
Demand
25
CYPRESS DEVELOPMENT CORP
Lithium
Carbonate
(54%)
Lithium
Hydroxide
(46%)
NCA (14%)
NCM (29%)
LCO (30%)
Other
LTO (1%)
LFP (22%)
LMNO
LMO (3%)
Stationary grid
storage (3%)
Electric
Vehicles (61%)
Other (36%)
Metallurgy (9%)
Lubricant &
Grease (17%)
Class &
Ceramics (37%)
Medical (5%)
Air Treatment (7%)
Other (25%)
Total
Lithium
Demand
in
2018
(LCE
tonnes)
SOURCE: BENCHMARK MINERAL INTELLIGENCE – CYPRESS DEVELOPMENT CORP – AUGUST 2018
28. Lithium Capacity Forecast to 2035
28
CYPRESS DEVELOPMENT CORP |
SOURCE: BENCHMARK MINERAL INTELLIGENCE – CYPRESS DEVELOPMENT CORP – AUGUST 2018
0.20
0.70
0.10
0.80
0.00
0.30
0.40
0.50
0.90
0.60
1.00
2030 2035
2029
2019
2015
Million LCE tonnes
2016 2017 2018 2020 2021 2022 2023 2034
2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2031 2032 2033
Operational supply
Highly Probable additonal tonnes
Possible additonal tonnes
Probable additonal tonnes
29. Lithium Demand-Supply Balance, 2015-2035
29
CYPRESS DEVELOPMENT CORP
SOURCE: BENCHMARK MINERAL INTELLIGENCE – CYPRESS DEVELOPMENT CORP – AUGUST 2018
0.0
4.0
5.0
2030 2035
2029
2019
2015
Million LCE tonnes
2016 2017 2018 2020 2021 2022 2023 2034
2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2031 2032 2033
For the supply forecast we have divided the forecast into three main phases, which reflect
the development of the market over time, these are:
Phase 1, 2015-2018:
In this phase the supply-demand balance is very tight, with demand growing faster than
new capacity expansions. New supply is largely from development of brownfield sites at
operating producers
Demand - Upside
Demand - Base
Possible additonal tonnes
Demand - Downside
Unplanned necessary capacity - Base Case
Probable additonal tonnes
Operational supply
Highly Probable additonal tonnes
Phase 2, 2019-2025:
Phase two sees new supply start to come online from greenfield projects, as well as
expansions at existing producers. The market moves into a period of relative
oversupply by the end of the period
Phase 3, 2026-2035:
Towards the latter part of the forecast period there is a marked requirement for further
as yet announced lithium capacity to come on-stream to meet rising demand. We
expect that prices will remain in a range needed to stimulate this new investment, given
that geological constraints are not an issue.
3.0
2.0
1.0
30. 30
Lithium Deposit Types
CYPRESS DEVELOPMENT CORP
Sedimentary Brine Hardrock
Mine Product
Lithium Carbonate
(Li2CO3)
Lithium Carbonate
(Li2CO3)
Spodumene Concentrate
(6% Li2O)
Typical Grade 1,000-3,000 ppm Li 500-1,000 ppm Li 4,500-7,000 ppm Li
Production Steps
Mining
Acid Leaching
Evaporation
Crystallization
Pumping of Brine
Evaporation
Crystallization
Mining
Crushing and Grinding
Roasting
Acid Leaching
Evaporation/Crystallization
Estimated Cash Costs
($/tonne Li2CO3 )
$3,387
*Cypress PFS
$2,500 – 4,000 ** +$6,000 **
** Industry and company reports
31. 31
Sedimentary Hosted Lithium Projects
CYPRESS DEVELOPMENT CORP |
Project
Clayton Valley
(TSXV:CYP)
Operating Cost
~$3,400 / tonne
LCE
Development
Stage
PFS
Market Cap (C$) 127 MM
Project
Thacker Pass
(TSX:LAC)
Operating Cost
~$2,600 / tonne
LCE
Development
Stage
PFS
Market Cap (C$)
2,393 MM
*Argentina + Nevada Assets
*Majority of MC due to Brine
Project
Rhyolite Ridge
(ASX:INR)
Operating Cost
~$2500 / tonne
LCE
Development
Stage
FS
Market Cap (C$) 754 MM
Project
Sonora
(AIM:BCN)
Operating Cost
~$3,400 / tonne
LCE
Development
Stage
FS
Market Cap (C$) 252 MM
2393
754
252
127
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
Lithium Americas
(TSX:LAC)
Ioneer Ltd (ASX:INR) Bacanora Lithium
(AIM:BCN)
Cypress Development
(TSXV:CYP)
Market Capitalization (CAD)
32. 32
Capital Cost
Estimate
CYPRESS DEVELOPMENT CORP |
Area $ x 1,000
Facilities 5,891
Mine 34,768
Plant 306,855
Infrastructure 25,907
Owners Costs 24,992
Contingency & Working Capital 94,704
Total Capital Cost 493,115
Area $ x 1000
Feed Preparation 10,731
Leaching 14,358
Filtration 32,211
Tailings Handling 3,589
Li Recovery 44,930
Acid Plant 102,585
Construction Directs 56,858
Total Direct 265,262
Indirect 41,593
Total Plant 306,855