Crc karen translation

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vDRb.xGJzd
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United Nations
Convention on
the Rights
of the Child

bDrk>pXzSd.u&X
w>tX.vDRtDvDRb.xGJzd
o.tcGJ;t,m
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United Nations
Convention on
the Rights
of the Child

© Convention on the Rights of the Child (English), United Nations 1989

© Convention on the Rights of the Child (Karen), Black on White Publications 2006

© What is the Convention on the Rights of the Child? (English, Karen and drawings)
Black on White Publications 2006

© Foreword (English and Karen) Jaap Doek

ISBN: 974-685-079-2

Translation team: Christ Stone (Saw Ler Taw), Saw Henery Khu, Hsar Khi Lar,
Saw George, Saw Andy

Artist: Htoo Doh

Cover picture: Karen child 1988, Christ Church, Bangkok,
English-speaking Congregation archives

Published by: Black on White Publications
Room 3084, Siam Court
130 Sukhumvit 4
Bangkok 10110 Thailand

Tel. (+66) 02 656 2926
info@knowingchildren.org
www.knowingchildren.org/blackonwhite/

Design: Jiratham Ngamsuk, Keen Publishing (Thailand) Co., Ltd

Production: Keen Publishing (Thailand) Co., Ltd
22nd floor, Ocean Tower II
75/42 Sukhumvit 19
Bangkok 10110 Thailand

Black on White Publications , is the publications division of Knowing Children.

Save the Children Sweden, Southeast Asia and the Pacific Regional Office
supported the production of this translation

2

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o&.'d.pd=Jaap Doek
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uFHReH.b.

3

Foreword
The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, which was
adopted by the General Assembly in 1989, is the most comprehensive of
all international human rights legal instruments. The civil, political,
economic, social and cultural rights it contains apply to all children,
everywhere, all the time. Almost all governments in the world have now
agreed to apply these rights within their domestic laws and to report
regularly to the Committee on the Rights of the Child about progress in
implementation.

Under Article 42, governments are obliged to be active in making the
principles and provisions of the Convention widely known by all children
and adults. In 2005 a Karen boy in a refugee camp on the Thai/Myanmar
Border requested a visitor to the orphanage in which he lives to find him
a copy of the Convention in his own language. As no Karen translation
then existed, Knowing Children took on the responsibility of translating,
printing and overseeing the distribution of the official text, prefaced by a
children-friendly explanation with pictures drawn by a Karen artist.

I congratulate the translators and artist on the result, and thank Knowing
Children for undertaking this important work. Particular thanks go to the
boy who first requested to be able to read about his own human rights.
I hope that many such translations will soon make this information
available in the mother tongues of many more children and adults from
minority and ethnic groups.

Professor Jaap Doek
Chair
Committee on the Rights of the Child
Geneva

4

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What is the Convention on the Rights of the Child?

The Convention is part of the international human rights laws. It was agreed
in1989 by countries that belong to the United Nations. This law describes
the rights of all children, including every child who lives in any Asian country.

5

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What are rights?

All human beings have the same rights, to live in peace and security, to
have their needs for shelter, food and health met, and to be involved in
decisions made about their lives.

6

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trd>ty>rh>*hR, td.xJw*Rrh>*hR

Who is a child?

A child is a human being who has not yet reached his or her 18th birthday.
All children have equal rights to live and to develop into adults
Boys and girls
Children of different religions
Children of different cultures
Poor children and rich children
Children with disabilities
Child refugees, whether they are
with their parents or alone.

7

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Who is responsible?

Governments must make sure that all children receive the rights written
in the Convention. They usually do this by supporting parents to provide
the rights. This may include making sure children are not separated from
their parents, or it may mean providing special care for children who have
no parents.

8

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What rights are described in the Convention?

9

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All children should have a name and nationality.

10

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Children should be brought up in loving homes, by their parents.
Parents must take care of children, and not hurt them.

Governments must help parents to provide a home and proper care for
their children.

11

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If children are separated from their parents they should be helped to find
them again.

12

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If their parents cannot care for them, the government of the country in
which they live must make sure children are properly cared for.
Governments should check regularly on their welfare.

13

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Children should be provided with health care, including clean water
and sanitation –

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as well as clinics, doctors and medicine.

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Children should be provided with education.
This includes good schools, good teaching, non violent discipline
and information, including about their own language and culture.

16

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Children should have leisure to play, to practice sports and creative activities.

17

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Children must be protected from any harm to their bodies or minds.
Children must be protected from war.
They must not be soldiers.
They should be protected when adults fight.
They must not be tortured.

18

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Children must be protected from working too hard, or when they are
too young.

19

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Children must be protected from using drugs.

20

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Children must not be bought and sold (trafficked).

21

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If children are caught breaking the law they must have special treatment
including:
respect for their age
equal and fair justice
access to education
communication with their parents.

22

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Children have the right to give their opinions when decisions are made that
affect them.

They have the right to express their opinions freely and be taken seriously.

23

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t0Joh.wz.uymzsgxD.tw>xH.oh.wz.uoht*D>M.vDRI
Children have the right to form groups so that their opinions can be heard.

24

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Under parental guidance, children are free to chose their religion and form
their own ideas.

25

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qlngt*D>M.vDRI
Children who have been hurt in body or mind have the right to special
care, so that they can recover and get on with their lives.

26

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All these rights should be enjoyed by all children, everywhere, all the time.
There are no exceptions.

27

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29

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w>,m(Universal Declaration of Human Rights)oh.wz.tylR'D;xHuD>bDrk>
tw>tX.vDRtDvDRb.C;ySR[D.cd.zdtcGJ;t,m(International Covenants
on Human Rights)tylRbDrk>pXzSd.u&Xbd;b.&RvDR0J'.'D;tX.vDRtD
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40

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41

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74

Convention on the Rights of the Child
Convention on the Rights of the Child
Adopted and opened for signature, ratification and accession by
General Assembly resolution 44/25 of 20 November 1989
Entry into force 2 September 1990, in accordance with article 49
Preamble
The States Parties to the present Convention,
Considering that, in accordance with the principles proclaimed
in the Charter of the United Nations, recognition of the inherent dignity
and of the equal and inalienable rights of all members of the human
family is the foundation of freedom, justice and peace in the world,
Bearing in mind that the peoples of the United Nations have, in
the Charter, reaffirmed their faith in fundamental human rights and in the
dignity and worth of the human person, and have determined to promote
social progress and better standards of life in larger freedom,
Recognizing that the United Nations has, in the Universal
Declaration of Human Rights and in the International Covenants on
Human Rights, proclaimed and agreed that everyone is entitled to all the
rights and freedoms set forth therein, without distinction of any kind, such
as race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or
social origin, property, birth or other status,
Recalling that, in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the
United Nations has proclaimed that childhood is entitled to special care
and assistance,
Convinced that the family, as the fundamental group of society
and the natural environment for the growth and well-being of all its
members and particularly children, should be afforded the necessary
protection and assistance so that it can fully assume its responsibilities
within the community,
Recognizing that the child, for the full and harmonious
development of his or her personality, should grow up in a family
environment, in an atmosphere of happiness, love and understanding,

75

Considering that the child should be fully prepared to live an
individual life in society, and brought up in the spirit of the ideals
proclaimed in the Charter of the United Nations, and in particular in the
spirit of peace, dignity, tolerance, freedom, equality and solidarity,
Bearing in mind that the need to extend particular care to the
child has been stated in the Geneva Declaration of the Rights of the Child
of 1924 and in the Declaration of the Rights of the Child adopted by the
General Assembly on 20 November 1959 and recognized in the Universal
Declaration of Human Rights, in the International Covenant on Civil and
Political Rights (in particular in articles 23 and 24), in the International
Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (in particular in article
10) and in the statutes and relevant instruments of specialized agencies
and international organizations concerned with the welfare of children,
Bearing in mind that, as indicated in the Declaration of the
Rights of the Child, “the child, by reason of his physical and mental
immaturity, needs special safeguards and care, including appropriate legal
protection, before as well as after birth”
,
Recalling the provisions of the Declaration on Social and Legal
Principles relating to the Protection and Welfare of Children, with Special
Reference to Foster Placement and Adoption Nationally and
Internationally; the United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for the
Administration of Juvenile Justice (The Beijing Rules); and the Declaration
on the Protection of Women and Children in Emergency and Armed
Conflict,
Recognizing that, in all countries in the world, there are children
living in exceptionally difficult conditions, and that such children need
special consideration,

Taking due account of the importance of the traditions and
cultural values of each people for the protection and harmonious
development of the child,

Recognizing the importance of international co-operation for
improving the living conditions of children in every country, in particular
in the developing countries,
Have agreed as follows:

76

PART I
Article 1
For the purposes of the present Convention, a child means every
human being below the age of eighteen years unless under the law appli-
cable to the child, majority is attained earlier.
Article 2
1. States Parties shall respect and ensure the rights set forth in
the present Convention to each child within their jurisdiction without
discrimination of any kind, irrespective of the child’s or his or her parent’s or
legal guardian’s race,colour,sex,language,religion,political or other opinion,
national, ethnic or social origin, property, disability, birth or other status.
2. States Parties shall take all appropriate measures to ensure that
the child is protected against all forms of discrimination or punishment on
the basis of the status, activities, expressed opinions, or beliefs of the
child’s parents, legal guardians, or family members.
Article 3
1. In all actions concerning children, whether undertaken by public
or private social welfare institutions, courts of law, administrative authorities
or legislative bodies, the best interests of the child shall be a primary
consideration.
2. States Parties undertake to ensure the child such protection
and care as is necessary for his or her well-being, taking into account the
rights and duties of his or her parents, legal guardians, or other in
dividuals legally responsible for him or her, and, to this end, shall take all
appropriate legislative and administrative measures.
3. States Parties shall ensure that the institutions, services and
facilities responsible for the care or protection of children shall conform
with the standards established by competent authorities, particularly in
the areas of safety, health, in the number and suitability of their staff, as
well as competent supervision.
Article 4
States Parties shall undertake all appropriate legislative,
administrative, and other measures for the implementation of the rights
recognized in the present Convention. With regard to economic, social

77

and cultural rights, States Parties shall undertake such measures to the
maximum extent of their available resources and, where needed, within
the framework of international co-operation.
Article 5
States Parties shall respect the responsibilities, rights and duties
of parents or, where applicable, the members of the extended family or
community as provided for by local custom, legal guardians or other
persons legally responsible for the child, to provide, in a manner
consistent with the evolving capacities of the child, appropriate direction
and guidance in the exercise by the child of the rights recognized in the
present Convention.
Article 6
1. States Parties recognize that every child has the inherent right
to life.
2. States Parties shall ensure to the maximum extent possible the
survival and development of the child.
Article 7
1. The child shall be registered immediately after birth and shall
have the right from birth to a name, the right to acquire a nationality and.
as far as possible, the right to know and be cared for by his or her parents.
2. States Parties shall ensure the implementation of these rights in
accordance with their national law and their obligations under the
relevant international instruments in this field, in particular where the
child would otherwise be stateless.
Article 8
1. States Parties undertake to respect the right of the child to
preserve his or her identity, including nationality, name and family
relations as recognized by law without unlawful interference.
2.Where a child is illegally deprived of some or all of the elements
of his or her identity, States Parties shall provide appropriate assistance
and protection, with a view to re-establishing speedily his or her identity.

78

Article 9
1. States Parties shall ensure that a child shall not be separated
from his or her parents against their will, except when competent authorities
subject to judicial review determine, in accordance with applicable law
and procedures, that such separation is necessary for the best interests of
the child. Such determination may be necessary in a particular case such
as one involving abuse or neglect of the child by the parents, or one where
the parents are living separately and a decision must be made as to the
child’s place of residence.
2. In any proceedings pursuant to paragraph 1 of the present
article, all interested parties shall be given an opportunity to participate in
the proceedings and make their views known.
3. States Parties shall respect the right of the child who is separated
from one or both parents to maintain personal relations and direct
contact with both parents on a regular basis, except if it is contrary to the
child’s best interests.
4. Where such separation results from any action initiated by a
State Party, such as the detention, imprisonment, exile, deportation or
death (including death arising from any cause while the person is in the
custody of the State) of one or both parents or of the child, that State Party
shall, upon request, provide the parents, the child or, if appropriate, another
member of the family with the essential information concerning the
whereabouts of the absent member(s) of the family unless the provision
of the information would be detrimental to the well-being of the child.
States Parties shall further ensure that the submission of such a request
shall of itself entail no adverse consequences for the person(s) concerned.
Article 10
1. In accordance with the obligation of States Parties under article
9, paragraph 1, applications by a child or his or her parents to enter or
leave a State Party for the purpose of family reunification shall be dealt
with by States Parties in a positive, humane and expeditious manner.
States Parties shall further ensure that the submission of such a request
shall entail no adverse consequences for the applicants and for the
members of their family.
2. A child whose parents reside in different States shall have the
right to maintain on a regular basis, save in exceptional circumstances
personal relations and direct contacts with both parents.Towards that end

79

and in accordance with the obligation of States Parties under article 9,
paragraph 1, States Parties shall respect the right of the child and his or
her parents to leave any country, including their own, and to enter their
own country. The right to leave any country shall be subject only to such
restrictions as are prescribed by law and which are necessary to protect
the national security, public order (ordre public), public health or morals or
the rights and freedoms of others and are consistent with the other rights
recognized in the present Convention.
Article 11
1. States Parties shall take measures to combat the illicit transfer
and non-return of children abroad.
2. To this end, States Parties shall promote the conclusion of
bilateral or multilateral agreements or accession to existing agreements.
Article 12
1. States Parties shall assure to the child who is capable of
forming his or her own views the right to express those views freely in all
matters affecting the child, the views of the child being given due weight
in accordance with the age and maturity of the child.
2. For this purpose, the child shall in particular be provided the
opportunity to be heard in any judicial and administrative proceedings
affecting the child, either directly, or through a representative or an
appropriate body, in a manner consistent with the procedural rules of
national law.
Article 13
1. The child shall have the right to freedom of expression; this
right shall include freedom to seek, receive and impart information and
ideas of all kinds, regardless of frontiers, either orally, in writing or in print,
in the form of art, or through any other media of the child's choice.
2. The exercise of this right may be subject to certain restrictions,
but these shall only be such as are provided by law and are necessary:
(a) For respect of the rights or reputations of others; or
(b) For the protection of national security or of public order (ordre
public), or of public health or morals.

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Article 14
1. States Parties shall respect the right of the child to freedom of
thought, conscience and religion.
2. States Parties shall respect the rights and duties of the parents
and, when applicable, legal guardians, to provide direction to the child in
the exercise of his or her right in a manner consistent with the evolving
capacities of the child.
3. Freedom to manifest one's religion or beliefs may be subject
only to such limitations as are prescribed by law and are necessary to
protect public safety, order, health or morals, or the fundamental rights
and freedoms of others.
Article 15
1. States Parties recognize the rights of the child to freedom of
association and to freedom of peaceful assembly.
2. No restrictions may be placed on the exercise of these rights
other than those imposed in conformity with the law and which are
necessary in a democratic society in the interests of national security or
public safety, public order (ordre public), the protection of public health or
morals or the protection of the rights and freedoms of others.
Article 16
1. No child shall be subjected to arbitrary or unlawful interference
with his or her privacy, family, home or correspondence, nor to unlawful
attacks on his or her honour and reputation.
2.The child has the right to the protection of the law against such
interference or attacks.
Article 17
States Parties recognize the important function performed by the
mass media and shall ensure that the child has access to information and
material from a diversity of national and international sources, especially
those aimed at the promotion of his or her social, spiritual and moral
well-being and physical and mental health.To this end, States Parties shall:
(a) Encourage the mass media to disseminate information and
material of social and cultural benefit to the child and in accordance with
the spirit of article 29;

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