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Comparative Politics and
    Government
 Convener: Dr. Brendan O’Duffy
           Arts 2.19A
 Office Hours Mon, Tues 12-1:00

Course Lecturers: Dr. Rainbow
Murray, Dr. Catherine Needham,
    Prof. Mark Pennington
Why study CPG?
• Comparison is primary method of
  social/political sciences
• Political Institutions Matter for:
  Activists
  Pacifists
  Scientists
  Citizens/Subjects (‘Passivists’)
  Employers …
Ontology and Epistemology
• New Institutionalism(s)
  – Structuralist
  – Culturalist
  – Rational Choice
• Methodologies
  – Nation-state as a unit of comparison
  – Specific institutions (e.g. Legislatures)
  – Mass political behaviour (e.g. voting)
Comparative Foci
• Systems and Environments
• Structures and Functions
  – Representative institutions
  – Executives
  – Judiciary
  – Bureaucracy
• Performance, outcome and evaluation
Diachronic Comparison




                  QuickTime™ and a
                    decompressor
          are needed to see this picture.
Diachronic Comparison




                   QuickTime™ and a
                     decompressor
           are needed to see this picture.
The State as ‘Organised Crime’ (Tilly)

            State Spending: Federal v. Unitary govts, 1996

70

60

50
                                                                                           Govt spending % of GDP
40

30                                                                                         Govt. Employment %
                                                                                           GDP
20

10

 0
                                                                              UK
                                                       Italy                       Spain
       Austria Canada Japan
           Belgium Germany               France Ireland
                                             Greece           Norway Sweden
                                                                  Portugal
 Australia
                        Switzerland                   Netherlands
                           United States
QuickTime™ and a
                      decompressor
            are needed to see this picture.




GDP per
capita
OECD
countries
1975-2005

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Cpg intro lecture

  • 1. Comparative Politics and Government Convener: Dr. Brendan O’Duffy Arts 2.19A Office Hours Mon, Tues 12-1:00 Course Lecturers: Dr. Rainbow Murray, Dr. Catherine Needham, Prof. Mark Pennington
  • 2. Why study CPG? • Comparison is primary method of social/political sciences • Political Institutions Matter for: Activists Pacifists Scientists Citizens/Subjects (‘Passivists’) Employers …
  • 3. Ontology and Epistemology • New Institutionalism(s) – Structuralist – Culturalist – Rational Choice • Methodologies – Nation-state as a unit of comparison – Specific institutions (e.g. Legislatures) – Mass political behaviour (e.g. voting)
  • 4. Comparative Foci • Systems and Environments • Structures and Functions – Representative institutions – Executives – Judiciary – Bureaucracy • Performance, outcome and evaluation
  • 5. Diachronic Comparison QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture.
  • 6. Diachronic Comparison QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture.
  • 7. The State as ‘Organised Crime’ (Tilly) State Spending: Federal v. Unitary govts, 1996 70 60 50 Govt spending % of GDP 40 30 Govt. Employment % GDP 20 10 0 UK Italy Spain Austria Canada Japan Belgium Germany France Ireland Greece Norway Sweden Portugal Australia Switzerland Netherlands United States
  • 8. QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. GDP per capita OECD countries 1975-2005

Editor's Notes

  1. Lack of experimental control.
  2. Old institutionalism = description; new institutionalism seeks explanation (causation, dynamics) Steinmo: Institutions are sets of rules, which are either informal, as in the case of cultural norms, or formal, as in the case of legal/constitutional rules.