1. The document describes the development of a biosensor using the nematode odorant receptor ODR-10 and bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) to detect the volatile ligand diacetyl at femtomolar levels.
2. ODR-10 was engineered to express the BRET donor Renilla luciferase and acceptor GFP, and was shown to respond specifically and sensitively to diacetyl down to 10-19 M concentration in a yeast expression system.
3. This biosensor design demonstrates over three orders of magnitude greater sensitivity than previous designs and retains the native receptor's selectivity, representing a potential new class of electronic nose with applications in fields like explosive detection and food quality control.
Morphometric Analysis of Markandeya River Sub Basin (MRSB), Belgaum District,...IJERD Editor
This document discusses a study that used remote sensing and GIS techniques to analyze the morphometric parameters of the Markandeya River Sub-Basin located in Belgaum district, Karnataka, India. The study categorized the basin into 4 mini-watersheds and analyzed various linear and shape parameters including stream order, bifurcation ratio, drainage density, circularity ratio, and form factor. Key findings were that the watershed has a sub-dendritic to dendritic drainage pattern with weak structural control. The form factor values indicate moderately high peak flows for shorter durations. Based on the compound parameter values calculated, Watershed 1 was found to have the highest priority for soil conservation measures due to its high erosion potential.
The document provides information about global water distribution and sources. It states that 71% of the Earth's surface is covered in water, most of which is salt water in oceans. Only 2.8% of the Earth's water is fresh water. The main sources of fresh water globally are groundwater stored underground, ice caps and glaciers, rivers, and lakes. Many countries currently face water shortages due to limited access to fresh water sources.
Unit 12 responses to the rising demand for landcritter33
This document discusses various responses to the rising demand for land, including increasing land supply through land reclamation, conservation, and maximizing usage. Land reclamation involves creating new land from sea areas using landfill methods, which Singapore and Dubai have done successfully. Conservation designates protected nature reserves and government policies restrict land usage. Maximizing land use involves mixed development, high-density buildings, terracing, soil-less farming, and irrigation in agriculture. While such responses have temporarily increased land availability, reclamation cannot be done indefinitely.
- The document discusses whether administering high-dose antimicrobial chemotherapy prevents the evolution of antibiotic resistance.
- It presents two opposing hypotheses - the "Hit Hard" hypothesis that higher doses eliminate bacteria more quickly, limiting resistance, versus the hypothesis that higher doses indirectly select for resistant strains by removing competition.
- Through mathematical modeling, it finds the risk of highly resistant strains emerging is highest at intermediate doses and lowest at either the maximum safe dose or minimum effective dose. The optimal strategy depends on specific infection parameters.
This document provides an overview of enzyme-based biosensors. It discusses the history and components of biosensors, including the biological recognition element and transducer. Common types of biosensors are described based on their method of detection such as calorimetric, optical, and potentiometric. Examples like glucose meters and pregnancy tests are explained. Glucose meters work by measuring the hydrogen peroxide produced from the reaction of glucose and glucose oxidase using an electrode. Overall, the document provides a high-level introduction to the principles, components, applications and examples of enzyme-based biosensors.
1. The document describes the development of a biosensor using the nematode odorant receptor ODR-10 and bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) to detect the volatile ligand diacetyl at femtomolar levels.
2. ODR-10 was engineered to express the BRET donor Renilla luciferase and acceptor GFP, and was shown to respond specifically and sensitively to diacetyl down to 10-19 M concentration in a yeast expression system.
3. This biosensor design demonstrates over three orders of magnitude greater sensitivity than previous designs and retains the native receptor's selectivity, representing a potential new class of electronic nose with applications in fields like explosive detection and food quality control.
Morphometric Analysis of Markandeya River Sub Basin (MRSB), Belgaum District,...IJERD Editor
This document discusses a study that used remote sensing and GIS techniques to analyze the morphometric parameters of the Markandeya River Sub-Basin located in Belgaum district, Karnataka, India. The study categorized the basin into 4 mini-watersheds and analyzed various linear and shape parameters including stream order, bifurcation ratio, drainage density, circularity ratio, and form factor. Key findings were that the watershed has a sub-dendritic to dendritic drainage pattern with weak structural control. The form factor values indicate moderately high peak flows for shorter durations. Based on the compound parameter values calculated, Watershed 1 was found to have the highest priority for soil conservation measures due to its high erosion potential.
The document provides information about global water distribution and sources. It states that 71% of the Earth's surface is covered in water, most of which is salt water in oceans. Only 2.8% of the Earth's water is fresh water. The main sources of fresh water globally are groundwater stored underground, ice caps and glaciers, rivers, and lakes. Many countries currently face water shortages due to limited access to fresh water sources.
Unit 12 responses to the rising demand for landcritter33
This document discusses various responses to the rising demand for land, including increasing land supply through land reclamation, conservation, and maximizing usage. Land reclamation involves creating new land from sea areas using landfill methods, which Singapore and Dubai have done successfully. Conservation designates protected nature reserves and government policies restrict land usage. Maximizing land use involves mixed development, high-density buildings, terracing, soil-less farming, and irrigation in agriculture. While such responses have temporarily increased land availability, reclamation cannot be done indefinitely.
- The document discusses whether administering high-dose antimicrobial chemotherapy prevents the evolution of antibiotic resistance.
- It presents two opposing hypotheses - the "Hit Hard" hypothesis that higher doses eliminate bacteria more quickly, limiting resistance, versus the hypothesis that higher doses indirectly select for resistant strains by removing competition.
- Through mathematical modeling, it finds the risk of highly resistant strains emerging is highest at intermediate doses and lowest at either the maximum safe dose or minimum effective dose. The optimal strategy depends on specific infection parameters.
This document provides an overview of enzyme-based biosensors. It discusses the history and components of biosensors, including the biological recognition element and transducer. Common types of biosensors are described based on their method of detection such as calorimetric, optical, and potentiometric. Examples like glucose meters and pregnancy tests are explained. Glucose meters work by measuring the hydrogen peroxide produced from the reaction of glucose and glucose oxidase using an electrode. Overall, the document provides a high-level introduction to the principles, components, applications and examples of enzyme-based biosensors.
El Primer Reto Solidario busca recaudar fondos para organizaciones benéficas a través de desafíos deportivos y actividades comunitarias. Participantes de todas las edades y habilidades pueden unirse para ayudar a causas importantes mientras mejoran su salud y bienestar. El evento tendrá lugar el próximo mes y espera inspirar a la gente a dar lo mejor de sí mismos por los demás.
The document describes different habitats and the animals that live in each one, including what they eat. Grasslands are home to zebras and elephants. The jungle is the habitat for gorillas, tigers, crocodiles and snakes. Whales, fish and some reptiles live in the sea. Tigers eat meat, crocodiles eat fish, gorillas eat grass and fruit, and snakes eat rats.
Scientists have discovered a new species of fish living deep in the ocean near hydrothermal vents. The newly discovered fish, named Crypticfish obscura, has a translucent body and large eyes adapted for low-light conditions near the vents. Researchers were able to observe the Crypticfish obscura using a remotely operated underwater vehicle and collected samples to study back in the lab, finding it is uniquely adapted to survive in the extreme environment around undersea hydrothermal vents.
The document describes a game to teach children the days of the week. The children stand in a circle with their arms outstretched and hands stacked on top of their neighbors' hands. One child starts by saying a day of the week and tapping their neighbor's hand. The neighbor then says the next day and taps the next person. This continues until Sunday. On Sunday, the child tries to tap their neighbor's hand without saying the day as a challenge, and whoever's hand is tapped or avoids being tapped sits in the middle and misses a turn. The teaching aims are for children to correctly pronounce and know the order of the days of the week.
The document describes a physical education game called "Mrs. Mc Gonagal, what are you cooking?". In the game, one student acts as Mrs. Mc Gonagal and stands behind a line while the other students stand in front facing them. The other students ask "Mrs. Mc Gonagal, what are you cooking?" and she responds with an item like "three big apples". The other students then take that number of steps forward. If she says "little children" the other students run to the other side to avoid being caught. The goals of the game are for students to practice naming fruits, asking and answering simple questions, reacting quickly, and developing vocabulary.
The document describes a physical education activity where children run in the gym while singing songs. One child is selected as the "teacher" who shouts commands like "fire", "water", or "wind" that correspond to different actions for the other children to quickly perform, such as lying on the floor, climbing a fireman's pole, or crawling under a bench. The last child to complete the action becomes the new teacher. The activity aims to have the children practice doing movements while running, giving and following instructions, and reacting quickly.
The document describes a classroom activity to teach children the vocabulary of fruits and vegetables. The teacher divides the class into two groups and has volunteers from each group sit with their backs to the board. The teacher will show a picture of a fruit or vegetable on the board, and the volunteers must describe it to their group without using the word itself. The first group to guess the word correctly earns a point, and the group with the most points after 15 minutes wins. The document provides examples of the language the teacher and pupils might use during the activity.
The document provides instructions for a classroom activity where students take turns adding items to a pretend suitcase as they practice vocabulary words for clothing. The activity aims to have children repeat clothing words they have learned and repeat full sentences describing what has been packed. The teacher models starting the activity by saying "I am packing my suitcase and I put in one pullover." Students then take turns adding an item, repeating what came before, such as "I am packing my suitcase and I put in one pullover and two shirts." The teacher provides language to introduce the activity and potential vocabulary words that may come up during the game.
1) The document describes a game to teach English vocabulary about chickens and eggs.
2) In the game, one student is the "chicken" in the middle while the other students form a circle around them holding their hands behind their backs. The teacher places an egg in one student's hand.
3) The group chants a rhyme, then the chicken tries to guess who has the egg by asking individual students "Have you stolen my egg?". If the student doesn't have it, they say "Sorry, I don't have it" and if they do, they hand the egg to the chicken and take their place in the middle.
El Primer Reto Solidario busca recaudar fondos para organizaciones benéficas a través de desafíos deportivos y actividades comunitarias. Participantes de todas las edades y habilidades pueden unirse para ayudar a causas importantes mientras mejoran su salud y bienestar. El evento tendrá lugar el próximo mes y espera inspirar a la gente a dar lo mejor de sí mismos por los demás.
The document describes different habitats and the animals that live in each one, including what they eat. Grasslands are home to zebras and elephants. The jungle is the habitat for gorillas, tigers, crocodiles and snakes. Whales, fish and some reptiles live in the sea. Tigers eat meat, crocodiles eat fish, gorillas eat grass and fruit, and snakes eat rats.
Scientists have discovered a new species of fish living deep in the ocean near hydrothermal vents. The newly discovered fish, named Crypticfish obscura, has a translucent body and large eyes adapted for low-light conditions near the vents. Researchers were able to observe the Crypticfish obscura using a remotely operated underwater vehicle and collected samples to study back in the lab, finding it is uniquely adapted to survive in the extreme environment around undersea hydrothermal vents.
The document describes a game to teach children the days of the week. The children stand in a circle with their arms outstretched and hands stacked on top of their neighbors' hands. One child starts by saying a day of the week and tapping their neighbor's hand. The neighbor then says the next day and taps the next person. This continues until Sunday. On Sunday, the child tries to tap their neighbor's hand without saying the day as a challenge, and whoever's hand is tapped or avoids being tapped sits in the middle and misses a turn. The teaching aims are for children to correctly pronounce and know the order of the days of the week.
The document describes a physical education game called "Mrs. Mc Gonagal, what are you cooking?". In the game, one student acts as Mrs. Mc Gonagal and stands behind a line while the other students stand in front facing them. The other students ask "Mrs. Mc Gonagal, what are you cooking?" and she responds with an item like "three big apples". The other students then take that number of steps forward. If she says "little children" the other students run to the other side to avoid being caught. The goals of the game are for students to practice naming fruits, asking and answering simple questions, reacting quickly, and developing vocabulary.
The document describes a physical education activity where children run in the gym while singing songs. One child is selected as the "teacher" who shouts commands like "fire", "water", or "wind" that correspond to different actions for the other children to quickly perform, such as lying on the floor, climbing a fireman's pole, or crawling under a bench. The last child to complete the action becomes the new teacher. The activity aims to have the children practice doing movements while running, giving and following instructions, and reacting quickly.
The document describes a classroom activity to teach children the vocabulary of fruits and vegetables. The teacher divides the class into two groups and has volunteers from each group sit with their backs to the board. The teacher will show a picture of a fruit or vegetable on the board, and the volunteers must describe it to their group without using the word itself. The first group to guess the word correctly earns a point, and the group with the most points after 15 minutes wins. The document provides examples of the language the teacher and pupils might use during the activity.
The document provides instructions for a classroom activity where students take turns adding items to a pretend suitcase as they practice vocabulary words for clothing. The activity aims to have children repeat clothing words they have learned and repeat full sentences describing what has been packed. The teacher models starting the activity by saying "I am packing my suitcase and I put in one pullover." Students then take turns adding an item, repeating what came before, such as "I am packing my suitcase and I put in one pullover and two shirts." The teacher provides language to introduce the activity and potential vocabulary words that may come up during the game.
1) The document describes a game to teach English vocabulary about chickens and eggs.
2) In the game, one student is the "chicken" in the middle while the other students form a circle around them holding their hands behind their backs. The teacher places an egg in one student's hand.
3) The group chants a rhyme, then the chicken tries to guess who has the egg by asking individual students "Have you stolen my egg?". If the student doesn't have it, they say "Sorry, I don't have it" and if they do, they hand the egg to the chicken and take their place in the middle.