3. NURSERY
Is a special established area or
location where plants are nursed and
raised for either later field planting.
4. Two types of rubber nurseries
Ground nursery
Seedling stocks are
sustained from the
time the germinated
seeds are
transplanted from the
germination bed at the
required planting
distances to grow for
later budding.
5. Polybag nursery
Where polybags,
filled with soil, are
placed in rows at
assigned distances.
Germinated seeds are
transplanted into the
polybags and allowed
to grow for later
budding.
6. Most Important Factors to be Considered in
Establishing a Rubber Nursery
Availability of constant water source.
The area must be flat and must be well drained.
For ground nursery, loam soil is ideal with pH of 4.5-6.5 and
good structured friable soil.
For polybag nursery, loam soil is preferred as soil medium.
An area must be open (not shaded) with fence.
The site of the nursery is near the area to be developed or
planted.
7.
8. GERMINATE SEEDS
Tools and materials
Tools
Pick mattock
Cross cut saw
Claw hammer
Spade
bolo
Sprinkler
Materials
Nails
10. Select seeds from clones :
PB 5/51
RRIM 623
RRIM 605
GT 1
RRIM 901
RRIM 712
PB 217
PB 235
From old seedling trees
Other clones with big
seeds
RRIM 600 – is not
desirable because of
poor seedling vigour and
genetic yellowing.
11. Seeds that start to
germinate or with holes
Should be discarded.
One kerosene can rubber
seeds approximately 2,000
seeds could be
accommodated in one
square meter germination
bed. (Commercial
way of germinating rubber
seeds).
13. Construct Germination Bed and Sowing Rubber
Seeds
To construct a germination bed, it is necessary to:
Clear the area from weeds and any plant debris to prevent
the germinating seeds from pest and disease attack.
Cultivate the soil to a depth of 15 cm, 1m wide at any
convenient length.
Pulverize the soil into fine filth.
Construct sidings using 1" X 6" lumber to contain the
germination medium and the seeds to be sown in place.
Add 10cm thick fine river sand or aged sawdust as
germination medium.
14. Construct over head shade to protect rubber seeds
from the adverse effect of heat of the sun.
If germination beds are situated under the shaded
area over head shade is not necessary.
Germination beds to be constructed depend on the
volume of seeds to be germinated. One kerosene can
of seed (approximately 2000 seeds) can be sown in 2m
square bed.
15. To sowing a rubber seeds in the germination bed, it
is imperative to:
Spread the rubber seeds evenly in the medium with the
flat groove facing downward.
Press seeds lightly unto the ground.
Cover the seeds lightly with germination medium just
enough to cover them.
Cover the seeds lightly with dried leaves to protect them
from dehydration.
Water the seeds twice daily if there is no rain.
Seeds start to germinate 7 days after sowing.
18. Stages of Germinating Seeds
Stage A
Emergence of radicle
Stage B-
Seeds start to develop spider roots.
19. Stage C
Fully developed roots system &
emergence of stem without leaves.
Stage D
Emergence of leaves.
20. Plant Germinated Seeds
Steps in Pulling of Germinated Seeds
Water first the germination bed.
Prepare a pail half-filled with water.
Uproot the seedling which has fully developed root
system but without leaves yet, (Stage C) one by one
and put inside the pail or container with water.
Bring to the area to be planted either in polybag or
ground nursery.
21. Uproot Stage the germinated rubber
seeds
Put uprooted rubber seeds in the pail
half-filled with water
22. Polybag Nursery
Steps in planting germinated seeds in the polybags
Collect germinated seeds from the germination medium.
Collected germinated seeds must be placed in a pail half filled of water to prevent
them from dehydration.
Collect germinated seeds with root system and with stem but without leaves yet to
attain uniform seedling growth and less mortality in the field.
Collected germinated seeds are brought to the area to be planted.
Make a planting hole (4-6 cm deep) at the center of the polybag using pointed stick.
Plant germinated rubber seeds with the cotyledon intact. (Cotyledon serves as the
bridge of food supply from the endosperm to the young plant).
Cover the germinated seeds including the cotyledon with soil, and press it lightly.
Water the planted germinated seed
23. Make planting hole in the polybag and
plant the rubber seedling with
cotyledon
Water the newly planted rubber
seedlings in the polybags to prevent
dehydration.
24. Constant watering of seedlings in
polybags is recommended during
dry season
Observe 24 inches distance for each
rows of polybags
26. Sizes of polybags
6 x 12 x .003 inches – good for young budding,
1-2 leaf storey planting materials.
7 x 14 x .003 inches – good for green budding,
2-3 leaf storey planting materials.
8 x 18 x 20 x .005 inches – good for
(APM/LPM). 5-7 leaf storey planting materials.
27. Ground Nursery
Steps in making a ground Nursery
Secure in place the string marked with planting distance in east-west orientation for
maximum exposure to sunlight.
Plant germinated seeds (Stage C) as soon as the area is ready for planting.
Plant germinated seeds on the holes 4-6 cm deep made by the dibble stick.
Plant the germinated seedlings in the hole with the cotyledon intact.
Cover the germinated seedlings including the cotyledon and press it lightly. (Care
should be observed, not to damage the seedling).
Continue the same procedure until the whole length will be planted.
Transfer the marked string to the next row and continue planting the germinated
seeds until the proposed area is full planted.
Water the planted germinated seeds.
28. Ideal Planting distances for ground nursery
4 rows distanced at 20 x 20 cm and other 4 rows also distanced at
20 x 20 cm far apart with 45 cm distance between 4 rows.
29. Use dibble stick to make hole
and plant newly uprooted rubber
seedlings
Typical sample of ground
nursery
30. Ground Nursery
it is more recommendatory to apply complete fertilizer (14-14-14) or
ammophos (16-20-0) at about 5-8 cm away from the base of the plant at the
rate of 100g/sqm area or broadcast evenly when the soil is wet (usually after
the rain at three to four weeks intervals).
31. Polybag nursery
apply 14-14-14 or 16-30-0 fertilizer about 10-15 grams per
seedling/bag every 3 to 4 weeks intervals, or dissolve one tinapa can
of ammophos fertilizer (16-20-0) to one kerosene can of water, and
fertilize each seedling in bags at the rate of about ½ tinapa can
(water with the dissolved fertilizer) at intervals of 3 to 4 weeks.
32. Pest and Disease Control
Time of application Rate and Type of Fertilizer-Fungicide Mixture
After Planting 1-8 weeks Twice weekly application of foliar fertilizer and fungicide mixture
-15 ml Bayfolan/other
-10g Dithane M-45 or
-12g Daconil/others
5 liters water in a knapsack sprayer
2-5 weeks Weekly application of slurry:
50 g NPK (15:15:6:4)
compound
5 liters water at 50 cc per bag in a knapsack sprayer
2-8 weeks Daconil 75 WP
2 gram in 1 liter H2O Knapsack spraying
Manzate 200
gram in 1 liter H2O Knapsack spraying
