Congestive heart failure occurs when the heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the body's needs. It results from any structural or functional impairment that weakens the heart's ability to fill or eject blood. Common causes include high blood pressure, coronary artery disease, and cardiomyopathy. There are two main types: left-sided failure where blood backs up in the lungs, and right-sided failure where blood backs up in the veins. Signs and symptoms result from fluid buildup and include shortness of breath, fatigue, and swelling. Management focuses on treating the underlying cause, reducing fluid buildup, and supporting heart function.

1. Congestive heart failure and management
PREPARED BY
NIDA SEHAR NOMAN
MBA (FINANCE) &MS (PHARMACOLOGY)
NIDASEHAR19@YAHOO.COM

2. Objectives
• Definition
• Normal heart function
• Pathophysiology
• Types
• Sign and symptoms management

3. what is heart failure?
It’s the inability of the heart to meet the need of the body.
According to AHA
Definition
Heart failure is a complex clinical syndrome that can
result from any structural or functional cardiac
disorder that impairs the ability of the ventricle to fill
or eject blood”

4. healthy heart

5. Preload, also known as the left ventricular end-diastolic pressure
(LVEDP), is the amount of ventricular stretch at the end of diastole.
Afterload, also known as the systemic vascular resistance (SVR), is
the amount of resistance the heart must overcome to open the aortic
valve and push the blood volume out into the systemic circulation.
Stroke volume is the volume of blood pumped from the left ventricle
per beat.
Ejection fraction is a measurement of the percentage of blood
leaving your heart each time it contracts
FEW TERMS

6. Factors Affecting Cardiac Output
Cardiac Output
Preload
Afterload Contractility
Heart Rate Stroke Volume

7. renal perfusion

8. What Causes Heart Failure?
 Faulty Heart Valves
 Alcoholism
 Infections
 Lung Disease
 Untreated High Blood Pressure
 High cholestrol cholesteroligh cholesteroHigclesterol
 Coronary Artery Disease
 Cardiomyopathy
 Diabetes
 Toxic Drugs

9. –Causes
• LVF
• Cor pulmonale
–RV infarctionCauses
• LVF
• Cor pulmonale
• RV infarction
Types of heart failure
• Most common form
• Blood backs up through the left
atrium into the pulmonary veins
Left-sided
failure
• Results from diseased right ventricle
• Blood backs up into right atrium
and venous circulation
Right-sided
failure