There the CCNA 10 problem was solved

1. COMPUTER NETWORKS
SUBNETTING
PRESENTED BY:
SHAWON ISLAM

2. Problem Statement !
An IP address 10.10.10.10 is given to you. Subnet the network with maximum 511
Host/Subnet.
01.Class: 06.Subnetwork Mask:
02.Default Subnet Mask: 07.Given IP exist in subnet No:
03.No of usable subnets: 08.CIDR Notation of given IP:
04.No of Hosts/Subnet: 09.Two usable hosts of the derived subnet:
05.Subnet IP: 10.Broadcast address of the derived subnet:

3. Class ?
The range of IP:
Class A: 0-127
Class B: 128-191
Class C:192-223
Class D: 224-239 (It is not allocated for user’s It is used for multicasting)
Class E: 240-255 (It is used for research purpose)
Our IP: 10.10.10.10 , we have to consider first octet of IP which is 10 on the
range of class A IP. So the class should be A.
Class: A
This IP range allocated for user’s

4. Default Subnet Mask ?
Initial state of an IP:
00000000.00000000.00000000.0000000
This is class A IP. So there was One Network octet and three Host octet.
So we filtering the Network portion to 1.
11111111.0000000.00000000.00000000
Convert into decimal:
255.0.0.0
So the Default Subnet Mask: 255.0.0.0
N H H H

5. No of Usable Subnets ?
Our requirements is 511 Hosts/Subnet. So we have borrowed bit from left.
00000000.00000000.00000000.00000000
Red color’s are borrowed.
There we need 10 bits to represent 511 Hosts/Subnet by left.
So, No of Usable Subnet: 𝟐𝟏𝟒 − 𝟐 = 𝟏𝟔𝟑𝟖𝟐
N Subnet Hosts

6. No Of Hosts/Subnet ?
There Red color’s bits are the host bits. There are 10-bits in the host portion
So, No of Usable Hosts/Subnet:𝟐𝟏𝟎 − 𝟐 = 𝟏𝟎𝟐𝟐

7. Subnet IP ?
For subnet IP we first calculate the subnetwork mask !
For finding Subnet IP we just do Logical AND between Subnetwork mask and Given IP.
Given IP: 10.10.10.10
Subnetwork Mask: 255.255.252.0
Just Converting first both in binary and then do Logical AND:
Logical AND:
Now convert it into Decimal values.
Subnet IP: 10.10.8.0

8. Subnetwork Mask ?
We get the state of IP after borrowing bits on requirements.
Now we have filter the network portion of IP by 1. There subnetwork is also part of networks. Because
subnetwork is the method of increasing network of an IP. So subnet also part of Network .
1111111.1111111.11111100.00000000
Convert now into decimal values:
255.255.252.0
Subnetwork Mask: 255.255.252.0

9. Given IP Exist In Subnet No ?
For find given IP exist in subnet no we first convert the given IP into Binary.
Given IP: 10.10.10.10
Convert into Binary:
00001010.00001010.00001010.00001010
Network Subnet Host
This bolded bits are in subnet bits. Now separates them.
Given IP Exist In Subnet NO:(00001010000010) 𝟐 =(𝟔𝟒𝟐)𝟏𝟎

10. CIDR Notation Of Given IP ?
To find CIDR(Classless Interdomain Routing) notation we have to count
how many bits are in the network portion.
There I can see ,22-bits are in
the network.
The form of CIDR notation:
IP/No Of Network Bits
CIDR notation of Given IP:
10.10.10.10/22
Network Bits

11. Two Usable Host Of The Derived Subnet ?
Write any of two IP from Subnet IP:
Subnet IP: 10.10.8.0
Two usable Host of the Derived Subnet:
10.10.8.1
and
10.10.8.2

12. Broadcast Address Of The Derived Subnet ?
First convert the Given IP into Binary.
To find Broadcast Address we have to filter the host portion bits of Given IP by
1 .
Convert only Host portion to 1. Network bits has no change.
00001010.00001010.00001011.11111111
Bolded are host portion. Now convert into in Binary.
Broadcast Address of the Derived Subnet: 10.10.11.255

13. Any Question?
THANK YOU