Colombia is located in northwestern South America, bordering the Caribbean Sea between Panama and Venezuela. It has a tropical climate along the coasts and eastern plains, and cooler temperatures in the highlands. Colombia has a population of around 46.9 million people as of 2011, with around 49% being male and 51% being female. The government provides universal healthcare and separates power among the executive, judicial, and legislative branches. Colombia has a free market economy tied to trade with the United States and produces agricultural goods like coffee, cut flowers, and bananas.