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Colonial Regions
- 1. Aim: What werethe similarities and differences between the , , and colonies?
- 2. The 13 Britishcolonies are divided into 3 colonial regions: • Rhode Island • Connecticut • Massachusetts • New Hampshire • Delaware • Pennsylvania • New York • New Jersey • Maryland • Virginia • North Carolina • South Carolina • Georgia
- 4. Reasons why thecolonies began •God – Religious Freedoms •The Puritans and the Pilgrims fled from England to the colonies •Glory – Wanted the fame of starting a new country •Gold – People could make lots of money in the colonies especially on plantations
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- 6. New England Colonies •Why colonies were started –Religious Freedom •Puritans and Pilgrims wanted religious freedom.
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- 9. New England –Long, coldwinters –Rocky soil difficult to grow food –Bad farming conditions • Short farming season • Subsistence farming (only grow the crops you need to survive) –Great harbors for port • Cities like Boston
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- 12. –Believed in “purifying” theChurch of England. –Believed the Church of England was too corrupt and could not be reformed (changed) –Only male who owned property could vote
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- 16. Roger Williams—was kicked outof Massachusetts because he disagreed with the Puritans. He founded his own colony in Rhode Island. Anne Hutchinson—was kicked out of Massachusetts because she argued that people can read and interpret the bible by themselves without the minister. She was encouraged by Roger Williams to settle in Rhode Island.
- 17. Salem Witch Trials1692 When the daughter of a minister died of mysterious causes several people including young women are blamed for doing witchcraft. • Many people were accused and 20 were declared witches and hanged. • Those who were not killed, lived with the reputation of being witches.
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- 21. Mayflower Compact— agreement betweenthe settlers where the town was the basic unit of government where decisions would be made by voting. Only church members are allowed to participate.
- 22. New England TownMeetings - 1629 • Meeting for townspeople to express themselves openly • Helped further direct democracy as self- government in the colonies • One vote/one person
- 23. Fundamental Orders of Connecticut-1639 • 1st written constitution in the American colonies • constitution = a written plan for government
- 24. – Long, coldwinters – Rocky soil difficult to grow food – Bad farming conditions • Short farming season – Great harbors for port • Cities like Boston – Puritans & Pilgrims – John Winthrop (1st governor of Massachusetts) – Roger Williams & Anne Hutchison (Rhode Island) – Furs and skins – Fish – Iron – Ships – Rum – Timber – Whaling products – Mayflower Compact – New England Town Meetings – Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
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- 26. Middle Colonies • Whycolonies were started –Religious Freedom •Make money through trade (New York and New Jersey)
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- 29. Middle colonies –Milder climate(not as cold as New England but not as warm as Southern colonies) –Rocky soil but better able to have small farms (longer growing season) –Considered the “bread basket” • Grew large amounts of grains for trading –Great harbors for port
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- 31. • Peter Zenger— accusedof printing negative stories about the governor of the colony on his newspaper. He went through trial and his case was the 1st to protect the idea of freedom of the press in the colonies • William Penn founded Pennsylvania, a colony for Quakers that provided a safe home. • Penn limited his power, established an elected assembly, and promised religious freedom to all
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- 33. Middle Colonies • Knownas the “Breadbasket” •Grew crops like wheat and corn –Provided food for other colonies –Some shipping and manufacturing
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- 36. The Middle coloniesare recognized for their . In 1735, Peter Zenger is declared innocent of printing information about the governor in his newspaper. The courts declared that newspapers enjoyed the right to have freedom of the press.
- 37. – Not ascold or warm – Rocky soil – Small farms “bread basket” – Great harbors – Ports in cities like New York City – William Penn – Peter Zenger – “breadbasket” – Shipping and manufacturing – Ships – Iron – Timber – Cattle and grain – Strong courts (Peter Zenger trial— freedom of the press)
- 38. Southern Colonies •Maryland •Virginia •North Carolina •SouthCarolina •Georgia
- 39. Southern Colonies • Whycolonies were started –Almost all were started to make money by growing cash crops –Maryland was started for religious freedom –Georgia •A place for criminals/ debtors
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- 42. Southern Colonies • Climateand Physical Features –Great Soil –Warm Weather –Very long growing seasons –Bad harbors
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- 44. • James Oglethorpe— wealthyEnglishman who founded the colony of Georgia as a safe place for debtors (people who owe • John Rolfe— Englishman who introduced tobacco to the Southern colonies. He married Pocahontas.
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- 46. Southern Colonies • EconomicAdvantage –Focused on farming cash crops like •Tobacco “brown gold” •Cotton “white gold” –Large farms called plantations –Relied on slave work to maintain plantations
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- 50. Virginia House ofBurgesses- 1619 • 1st representative assembly in America • Beginning of representative government
- 51. – Long, coldwinters – Rocky soil difficult to grow food – Bad farming conditions • Short farming season – Great harbors for port • Cities like Boston – Puritans & Pilgrims – John Winthrop (1st governor of Massachusetts) – Roger Williams & Anne Hutchison (Rhode Island) – Furs and skins – Fish – Iron – Ships – Rum – Timber – Whaling products – Mayflower Compact – New England Town Meetings – Fundamental Orders of Connecticut – Not as cold or warm – Rocky soil – Small farms “bread basket” – Great harbors – Ports in cities like New York City – William Penn – Peter Zenger – “breadbasket” – Shipping and manufacturing – Ships – Iron – Timber – Cattle and grain – Strong courts (Peter Zenger trial— freedom of the press) – Fertile soil – Warm weather – Very long growing seasons – bad harbors – John Rolfe – James Oglethorpe – Relied on plantations or large farms – Cotton – Rice – Indigo – Cattle – Tobacco – Fish – Rum – Virginia House of Burgesses (house of representatives)