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AMERICAN REVOLUTION Power point Presentation.pptx
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- 2. Table of contents 01 03 02 04 Historical context Battlesand campaigns Causes of the revolution Leaders on both sides
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- 4. Historical Background • NorthAmerica – populated by native Americans • 1500’s - Europeans began arriving in North America • The French moved into the north and the Spanish settled in the south and west, the British founded colonies on the east coast.
- 6. Historical Background • 1600s- the British king began establishing colonies in America. • 1700s - most of the settlements had formed into 13 British colonies: Connecticut, Delaware, Georgia, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New York, New Jersey, Virginia, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and South Carolina.
- 7. Events leading tothe revolution The Revolutionary War (1775-83), also known as the American Revolution, arose from growing tensions between residents of Great Britain’s 13 North American colonies and the colonial government, which represented the British crown.
- 8. Causes of therevolution A. Implementation of taxes 1. Stamp Act of 1765 - Imposed a tax on all paper documents in the colonies
- 9. Causes of therevolution
- 10. Causes of therevolution ■ The issues of taxation and representation raised by the Stamp Act strained relations with the colonies to the point that, 10 years later, the colonists rose in armed rebellion against the British.
- 11. Causes of therevolution 2. Sugar Act (1764) - British legislation aimed at ending the smuggling trade in sugar and molasses from the French and Dutch West Indies and at providing increased revenues to fund enlarged British Empire responsibilities following the French and Indian War.
- 12. Causes of therevolution 3. The Townshend Acts were a series of measures, passed by the British Parliament in 1767, that taxed goods imported to the American colonies. But American colonists, who had no representation in Parliament, saw the Acts as an abuse of power.
- 13. Causes of therevolution ■ The Townshend Acts, named after Charles Townshend, British chancellor of the Exchequer, imposed duties on British china, glass, lead, paint, paper and tea imported to the colonies.
- 14. Causes of therevolution ■ The Townshend duties went into effect on November 20, 1767, close on the heels of the Declaratory Act of 1766, which stated that British Parliament had the same authority to tax the American colonies as they did in Great Britain.
- 15. Causes of therevolution ■ Townshend Act Protests a. influential pamphlets - “Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania,” essays written by Pennsylvania legislator
- 16. Causes of therevolution ■ Townshend Act Protests a. influential pamphlets - “Massachusetts Circular Letter,” a statement a statement written by Samuel Adams and Adams and James Otis Jr. and passed by the passed by the Massachusetts House of of Representative to other colonial
- 17. Causes of therevolution ■ Townshend Act Protests b. Sons of Liberty—a secret society of of American business leaders who coined the coined the phrase “taxation without representation”—24 towns in Massachusetts, Conneticut and Rhode Island agreed to boycott British goods in goods in January 1768.
- 18. Causes of therevolution ■ In response to protests and boycotts, the British sent troops to occupy Boston and quell the unrest. ■ Tensions between the colonists and British troops finally boiled over on March 5, 1770, when British soldiers shot into an angry mob,
- 19. Causes of therevolution 3. The Tea Act of 1773 - one of several measures imposed on the American colonists. The act’s main purpose was not to raise revenue from the colonies but to bail out the floundering East India Company, a key actor in the British economy.
- 20. Causes of therevolution The British government granted the company a monopoly on the importation and sale of tea in the colonies. The colonists had never accepted the constitutionality of the duty on tea, and the Tea Act rekindled their opposition to it.
- 21. Causes of therevolution December 16, 1773 - colonists boarded East India Company ships and dumped their loads of tea overboard. This is known as the Boston Tea Party.
- 22. Causes of therevolution ■ In response to protests and boycotts, the British sent troops to occupy Boston and quell the unrest. ■ Tensions between the colonists and British troops finally boiled over on March 5, 1770, when British soldiers shot into an angry mob,
- 23. Response to theBoston Tea Party The Parliament passed a series of measures (known as the Intolerable, or Coercive Acts) designed to reassert imperial authority in Massachusetts.
- 24. Response to theBoston Tea Party The Parliament passed a series of measures (known as the Intolerable, or Coercive Acts) designed to reassert imperial authority in Massachusetts.
- 25. The First ContinentalCongress The British expected the rest of the colonies to abandon Bostonians to British martial law. Instead, other colonies rushed to the city’s defense, sending supplies and forming their own Provincial Congresses to discuss British misrule and mobilize resistance to
- 26. The First ContinentalCongress In September 1774, the First Continental Congress met in Philadelphia and began orchestrating a united resistance to British rule in America.
- 27. Leaders on bothsides • Colonel William Prescott • General Sir Thomas Gage (Battle of Bunker Hill) • George Washington (Virginia) • John and Samuel Adams (Massachusetts) • Patrick Henry(Virginia) • John Jay (New York) American leaders British leaders
- 28. AMERICAN LEADERS Samuel Adamswas a thorn in the side of the British in the years before the American Revolution. As a political activist and state legislator, he spoke out against British efforts to tax the colonists and pressured merchants to boycott British products. He also was an important leader in the
- 29. AMERICAN LEADERS James OtisJr. is an American political activist during the period leading up to the American Revolution. He helped formulate the colonists’ grievances against the British government in the 1760s. “Taxation without representation”
- 30. AMERICAN LEADERS George Washington (1732-99)was commander in chief of the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War (1775-83) and served two terms as the first
- 31. AMERICAN LEADERS Patrick Henrywas one of the Founding Fathers of the United States and the first governor of Virginia. ■ A gifted orator and major figure in the American Revolution ■ “Give me liberty, or give me death!”
- 32. AMERICAN LEADERS Benjamin Franklin- During the American Revolution, he served in the Second Continental Congress and helped draft the Declaration of Independence in 1776.
- 33. AMERICAN LEADERS John Jay- an American statesman and Founding Father who served the United States in numerous government offices. He also served as the key negotiator at the Treaty of Paris, which ended the American Revolutionary War and recognized the independence of the United States.
- 34. AMERICAN LEADERS John Hancock- American Revolution leader and was a signer of the Declaration of Independence in 1776 and a governor of Massachusetts. Hancock used his wealth and influence to aid the movement for American independence. He was president of the Second Continental Congress from 1775 to 1777, when the
- 35. AMERICAN LEADERS Thomas Jefferson- author of the Declaration of Independence and the third U.S. president, was a leading figure in America’s early development. During the American Revolutionary War, he served in the
- 36. The First ContinentalCongress A group of colonial delegates including George Washington, John and Samuel Adams, Patrick Henry and John Jay met in Philadelphia in September 1774 to give voice to their grievances against the British crown.
- 37. The First ContinentalCongress They denounced taxation without representation, as well as the maintenance of the British army in the colonies without their consent. It issued a declaration of the rights due every citizen, including life, liberty, property, assembly and trial by jury. The Continental Congress voted to meet again in May 1775 to
- 38. The Battles ofLexington and Concord April 18, 1775, hundreds of British troops marched from Boston to nearby Concord in order to seize an arms cache. Paul Revere and other riders sounded the alarm, and colonial militiamen began mobilizing to intercept the Redcoat column. A confrontation on the Lexington town green started off the fighting, and soon the British were hastily retreating
- 39. The Battles ofLexington and Concord The British continued to Concord, where they searched for hidden arms. At North Bridge, a group of redcoats and minutemen clashed, leaving 3 redcoats and 2 minutemen dead. The British then retreated to Boston, while citizen- soldiers fired at the soldiers from behind trees and stone fences. British solders killed or wounded totalled 273;
- 40. Battle of BunkerHill At the Battle of Bunker Hill on June 17, 1775, early in the Revolutionary War, the British defeated the Americans. Despite their loss, the inexperienced colonial forces inflicted significant casualties against the enemy, and the battle provided them with an important confidence boost during the Siege of Boston. Although commonly referred to as
- 41. Second Continental Congress Delegates—includingnew additions Benjamin Franklin and Thomas Jefferson— voted to form a Continental Army, with Washington as its commander in chief.
- 42. MORE BATTLES Throughout thatfall and winter, Washington’s forces struggled to keep the British contained in Boston, but artillery captured at Fort Ticonderoga in New York helped shift the balance of that struggle in late winter. The British evacuated the city in March 1776, with Howe and his men retreating to Canada to prepare a major invasion of
- 43. DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE ByJune 1776, with the Revolutionary War in full swing, a growing majority of the colonists had come to favor independence from Britain. On July 4, the Continental Congress voted to adopt the Declaration of Independence, drafted by a five-man committee including Franklin and John Adams but written mainly by Jefferson.
- 44. Saratoga: Revolutionary War TurningPoint The Battle of Saratoga occurred in September and October, 1777, during the second year of the American Revolution. It included two crucial battles, fought eighteen days apart, and was a decisive victory for the Continental Army and a crucial turning point in the Revolutionary War.
- 45. Saratoga: Freeman’s Farm Knownas the Battle of Freeman’s Farm or the First Battle of Saratoga, the fierce fighting lasted for several hours. Momentum changed sides several times, but neither side gained significant ground until Burgoyne ordered his column of German troops to support the faltering British line and forced the Americans to pull back. Still, the British suffered twice the
- 46. Battle of BemisHeights (South Saratoga) ■ Burgoyne decided to stay put and wait for reinforcements from New York City. In the meantime, the number of Gates’ American troops increased to over 13,000 and continued to grow. ■ Out of supplies and out of options, Burgoyne surrendered his army to Gates on October 17.
- 47. BATTLE OF YORKTOWN WhenBritish General Lord Charles Cornwallis and his army surrendered to General George Washington’s American force and its French allies at the Battle of Yorktown on October 19, 1781, it was more than just a military win. The outcome in Yorktown, Virginia marked the conclusion of the last major battle of the American Revolution and the start of a new nation's independence. It also cemented Washington’s
- 48. TREATY OF PARIS TheTreaty of Paris of 1783 formally ended the American Revolutionary War. American statesmen Benjamin Franklin, John Adams and John Jay negotiated the peace treaty with representatives of King George III of Great Britain. In the Treaty of Paris, the British Crown formally recognized American independence and ceded most of its territory east of the Mississippi River to the United States, doubling the size of the
- 49. Leaders on bothsides BATTLE American Leader British Leader Battle of Lexington and Concord Barrett, Buttrick, Robinson and many others Colonel Smith, Major Pitcairn and Lord Percy The Battle of Bunker Hill Colonel William Prescott General Sir Thomas Gage Battle of Saratoga General Horatio Gates General John Burgoyne Battle of Yorktown Lord Charles Cornwallis General George Washington
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- 51. “This is aquote, words full of wisdom that someone important said and can make the reader get inspired” —Someone Famous
- 52. A picture isworth a thousand words
- 53. A picture always reinforces the concept Imagesreveal large amounts of data, so remember: use an image instead of a long text. Your audience will appreciate it
- 54. Venus This is amap Venus has a beautiful name and is the second planet from the Sun. It’s terribly hot, even hotter than Mercury, and its atmosphere is extremely poisonous
- 55. American revolutionary war Mercuryis the closest planet to the Sun and the smallest of them all Venus has a beautiful name and is the second planet from the Sun Earth is the third planet from the Sun and the only one that harbors life Mercury Venus Earth Despite being red, Mars is actually a cold place. It’s full of iron oxide dust Mars 2XXX 2XXX 2XXX 2XXX
- 56. The declaration ofindependence was signed by… Venus has extremely high temperatures Mars is actually a very cold place Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun John Adams T. Jefferson B. Franklin Jupiter is the biggest planet of them all Neptune is the farthest planet from the Sun Saturn is a gas giant and has several rings John Hancock John Jay Thomas Paine
- 57. Declaration of independence AspectDetails Authorship T. Jefferson, J. Adams, B. Franklin, R. Sherman, and Robert R. Livingston Date July 4, 1776 Purpose To declare the American colonies' independence from British rule Structure: The preamble, the grievances against king, and the declaration of independence Key Ideas Asserted the right to alter or abolish a government that violates these rights Influences Enlightenment ideas, especially those of John Locke Significance 1. Symbolic Document: Represents a bold step towards self-governance 2. Inspirational: Motivated colonists and later generations in the fight for freedom 3. International Impact: Garnered support from foreign nations 4. Foundation for Government: The philosophy of the principles of the nation
- 58. American colonist weredivided in: Follow the link in the graph to modify its data and then paste the new one here. For more info, click here Mercury Mercury is quite a small planet Jupiter Jupiter is an enormous planet Venus Venus has very high temperatures Saturn Saturn is a gas giant with rings
- 59. Rubric Criteria Exemplary ProficientBasic Knowledge and Understanding Venus has a beautiful name Application of Knowledge Earth is the planet with life Exercises and Practices Mercury is actually a small planet Critical Thinking and Skills Despite being red, Mars is cold Collaboration and Engagement Planet Jupiter is a huge gas giant
- 60. Multiple choice questions Whowas the primary author of the Declaration of Independence? Thomas Jefferson George Washington Benjamin Franklin What event marked the beginning of the American Revolution in 1775? Battle of Yorktown Boston Tea Party Lexington and Concord When was the U.S. Constitution officially ratified and came into effect? 1776 1787 1789 Which battle is considered the last major land battle of the Revolution? Siege of Yorktown Battle of Trenton Battle of Saratoga
- 61. Short answer questions 04 Explainthe main ideas and principles outlined in the Declaration of Independence Write here your answer 03 Why was the Constitutional Convention of 1787 convened, and what was its goal? Write here your answer 02 Briefly discuss the outcome and impact of the Siege of Yorktown Write here your answer 01 Describe the significance of the Battle of Saratoga in the American Revolution Write here your answer
- 62. Group discussion Topic Americanrevolution / Founding documents Introduction 2’ Explaining the importance of the history of American Revolution Group formation 1’ Divide the students into small groups Discussion round 10’ Assign each group a topic and have them discuss key aspects Presentation 5’ Each group selects a spokesperson to share their findings Q&A session 5’ Allow questions and discussions after each presentation Takeaways 3’ Each student shares one key learning or action they'll take Conclusion 2’ Summarize the importance of history
- 63. Project title: Theamerican revolution Prepare a oral presentation about your research Objective Instructions Despite being red, Mars is actually a cold place General Research Venus is the second planet from the Sun Biography of a Key Figure Earth is the third planet from the Sun Document Comparison Venus has a beautiful name and is the second planet from the Sun. It’s terribly hot, even hotter than Mercury, and its atmosphere is extremely poisonous. It’s the second- brightest natural object Bibliography Neptune is the farthest planet from the Sun Event Map
- 64. Essay … written primarilyby T. Jefferson, was adopted on July 4, 1776. It declared the thirteen American colonies as independent states … convened in Philadelphia in 1787 to address the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation …The Articles of Confederation, adopted in 1777, served as the first constitution of the United States … is a fundamental principle of the U.S. Constitution. It ensures that no single branch of government has too much power … were the political leaders and statesmen who played crucial roles in the American Revolution and the drafting of the U.S. Constitution … was the armed conflict between Great Britain and thirteen of its North American colonies Declaration of Independence Revolutionary War Founding Fathers Articles of Confederation Constitutional Convention Checks and Balances
- 65. True or false Aboutamerican revolution and founding documents T F The American Revolution began with the Battle of Bunker Hill X The Declaration of Independence was signed before the Revolutionary War started The Patriots were colonists who supported British rule during the American Revolution The "Shot Heard 'Round the World" refers to the first shots fired at the Battle of Lexington and Concord The Treaty of Paris in 1783 officially recognized the independence of the United States Thomas Jefferson was the primary author of the Declaration of Independence The Battle of Saratoga is considered a turning point in the American Revolution Valley Forge was the site of a significant British victory during the Revolutionary War The Articles of Confederation served as the first constitution of the United States
- 66. Free slide Army Redcoats Bunker hill Yorktown Freedom Constitution Gun Rights Act Democracy ✔Independence Liberty Revolution Founding Declaration Documents War Patriots Colonies Taxation A C T C O L O N I E S B W A R R I G H T S T O I R T A P Y E S T A O C D E R X G N R F U V T A X A T I O N K U E M O Y O D E M O C R A C Y N M Y U T L U B L L I H R E K N U B N R U K Y N O I T A R A L C E D E T N O I T U T I T S N O C I B I Y O R K T O W N U Y D B N I O I N D E P E N D E N C E G L N
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