The document discusses the International Patent Classification system (IPC) which is used to organize patent information into different areas of technology. The IPC system divides technology into 8 sections, 129 classes, 628 subclasses, and over 70,000 groups to precisely classify patent publications for fast and easy retrieval of prior art. Various tools like the catchword index, IPCCAT classification tool, and STATS statistical approach can help users search and find the appropriate IPC classification symbols.
Fundamentals of steady state flow sheeting.pptxPaulosMekuria
This document discusses the fundamentals of steady state flow sheeting simulations. It outlines the key steps in the simulation procedure, including drawing the process flow sheet, selecting thermodynamic models, analyzing recycle loops, and solving the computational sequence. The document also explains fundamental issues like process description, problem analysis considering inputs/outputs and reactor systems, modeling unit operations, and performing degrees of freedom analysis. An example of simulating an HDA process is provided to demonstrate these concepts.
USE OF ETAGs AS EADs FOR EUROPEAN TECHNICAL ASSESSMENTs
The concept “fitness for use” disappeared from the CPR
In general, the ETAG technical information is applicable but information linked to the CPD clauses and terms is not
Conditions, a part from those influencing the performance(s) of the product(s), or recommendations can not be included in the ETA (EC)
Threshold values as such can only be used if agreed to with EC
The ETA is the base to be used by the manufacturer for preparing the DoP
Responsibilities, role, tasks or information already stated in the legal bases must not be repeated (EC)
Tiêu chuẩn ISO 14644 cho phòng sạch phần 3: phòng sạch và các môi trường kiểm soát liên quan. Xem thêm các tài liệu khác trên kênh của Công ty Cổ phần Tư vấn Thiết kế GMP EU
STEYR 6125 PROFI Classic Tractor Service Repair Manual.pdfhuanfenju30103
The document is a service manual that provides technical information for hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical, and electronic systems on agricultural equipment. It includes specifications, descriptions of functionality, diagnostic procedures, and service instructions for components. The manual is divided into sections covering different machine systems and functions.
STEYR 4120 PROFI Tractor Service Repair Manual.pdfhuanfenju30103
The document is a service manual that provides technical information for hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical, and electronic systems on agricultural equipment. It includes specifications, descriptions of functionality, diagnostic procedures, and service instructions for components. The manual is divided into sections covering different machine systems and functions.
The document discusses the International Patent Classification system (IPC) which is used to organize patent information into different areas of technology. The IPC system divides technology into 8 sections, 129 classes, 628 subclasses, and over 70,000 groups to precisely classify patent publications for fast and easy retrieval of prior art. Various tools like the catchword index, IPCCAT classification tool, and STATS statistical approach can help users search and find the appropriate IPC classification symbols.
Fundamentals of steady state flow sheeting.pptxPaulosMekuria
This document discusses the fundamentals of steady state flow sheeting simulations. It outlines the key steps in the simulation procedure, including drawing the process flow sheet, selecting thermodynamic models, analyzing recycle loops, and solving the computational sequence. The document also explains fundamental issues like process description, problem analysis considering inputs/outputs and reactor systems, modeling unit operations, and performing degrees of freedom analysis. An example of simulating an HDA process is provided to demonstrate these concepts.
USE OF ETAGs AS EADs FOR EUROPEAN TECHNICAL ASSESSMENTs
The concept “fitness for use” disappeared from the CPR
In general, the ETAG technical information is applicable but information linked to the CPD clauses and terms is not
Conditions, a part from those influencing the performance(s) of the product(s), or recommendations can not be included in the ETA (EC)
Threshold values as such can only be used if agreed to with EC
The ETA is the base to be used by the manufacturer for preparing the DoP
Responsibilities, role, tasks or information already stated in the legal bases must not be repeated (EC)
Tiêu chuẩn ISO 14644 cho phòng sạch phần 3: phòng sạch và các môi trường kiểm soát liên quan. Xem thêm các tài liệu khác trên kênh của Công ty Cổ phần Tư vấn Thiết kế GMP EU
STEYR 6125 PROFI Classic Tractor Service Repair Manual.pdfhuanfenju30103
The document is a service manual that provides technical information for hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical, and electronic systems on agricultural equipment. It includes specifications, descriptions of functionality, diagnostic procedures, and service instructions for components. The manual is divided into sections covering different machine systems and functions.
STEYR 4120 PROFI Tractor Service Repair Manual.pdfhuanfenju30103
The document is a service manual that provides technical information for hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical, and electronic systems on agricultural equipment. It includes specifications, descriptions of functionality, diagnostic procedures, and service instructions for components. The manual is divided into sections covering different machine systems and functions.
STEYR 4110 PROFI Classic Tractor Service Repair Manual.pdfhuanfenju30103
The document is a service manual that provides technical information for hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical, and electronic systems on agricultural equipment. It includes specifications, descriptions of functionality, diagnostic procedures, and service instructions for components. The manual is divided into sections covering different machine systems and functions.
STEYR 6125 PROFI Tractor Service Repair Manual.pdfhuanfenju30103
This document is a service manual that provides technical information for maintaining various PROFI tractor models. It contains sections on hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical, and electronic systems of the primary power system. Other sections address the secondary hydraulic power system, hydraulic command system, electrical power system, electronic system, fault codes, engine systems, transmission, axles, brakes, steering, frame, cab environment controls, and hitches. The manual is intended to help technicians resolve customer issues by providing specifications, functional descriptions, diagnostic data, and service procedures for components and systems.
STEYR 4110 PROFI Tractor Service Repair Manual.pdfhuanfenju30103
The document is a service manual that provides technical information for hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical, and electronic systems on agricultural equipment. It includes specifications, descriptions of functionality, diagnostic procedures, and service instructions for components. The manual is divided into sections covering different machine systems and functions.
STEYR 6115 PROFI Tractor Service Repair Manual.pdfhuanfenju30103
The document is a service manual that provides technical information for hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical, and electronic systems on agricultural equipment. It includes specifications, descriptions of functionality, diagnostic procedures, and service instructions for components. The manual is divided into sections covering different machine systems and functions.
STEYR 6140 PROFI Classic Tractor Service Repair Manual.pdfhuanfenju30103
The document is a service manual that provides technical information for hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical, and electronic systems on agricultural equipment. It includes specifications, descriptions of functionality, diagnostic procedures, and service instructions for components. The manual is divided into sections covering different machine systems and functions.
STEYR 4130 PROFI Tractor Service Repair Manual.pdfhuanfenju30103
The document is a service manual that provides technical information for hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical, and electronic systems on agricultural equipment. It includes specifications, descriptions of functionality, diagnostic procedures, and service instructions for components. The manual is divided into sections covering different machine systems and functions.
STEYR 6140 PROFI Tractor Service Repair Manual.pdfhuanfenju30103
The document is a service manual that provides technical information for hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical, and electronic systems on agricultural equipment. It includes specifications, descriptions of functionality, diagnostic procedures, and service instructions for components. The manual is divided into sections covering different machine systems and functions.
STEYR 4130 PROFI Tractor Service Repair Manual.pdfji71426721883023
This document is a service manual that provides technical information for maintenance and repair of various PROFI tractor models. It contains sections on hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical, and electronic systems of primary importance. Specific topics covered include the primary and secondary hydraulic power systems, hydraulic command system, electrical power system, electronic system, engine systems, transmission systems, axles, brakes, steering, frame, cab features, hitch and working tools. The manual is intended to help technicians resolve customer issues by providing specifications, functional descriptions, diagnostic codes and troubleshooting guides, and removal/installation procedures for components.
STEYR 6125 PROFI Tractor Service Repair Manual.pdfji71426721883023
This document is a service manual that provides technical information for maintenance and repair of various PROFI tractor models. It contains sections on hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical, and electronic systems of primary and secondary hydraulic power systems, hydraulic command systems, electrical power systems, electronic systems, fault codes, engines, fuel systems, air intake systems, exhaust systems, cooling systems, starting systems, transmissions, drivetrains, PTO systems, axles, brakes, steering systems, suspensions, frames, cabs, user controls, platforms, hitches, and working tools. The introduction provides information on how to use the manual and its coding system to locate specific technical data, functional descriptions, diagnostics, and service procedures for components.
STEYR 6140 PROFI Classic Tractor Service Repair Manual.pdfji71426721883023
The document is a service manual that provides technical information for hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical, and electronic systems on agricultural equipment. It includes specifications, descriptions of functionality, diagnostic procedures, and service instructions for components. The manual is divided into sections covering different machine systems and functions.
STEYR 4120 PROFI Tractor Service Repair Manual.pdfji71426721883023
The document is a service manual that provides technical information for hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical, and electronic systems on agricultural equipment. It includes specifications, descriptions of functionality, diagnostic procedures, and service instructions for components. The manual is divided into sections covering different machine systems and functions.
STEYR 6140 PROFI Tractor Service Repair Manual.pdfji71426721883023
The document is a service manual that provides technical information for hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical, and electronic systems on agricultural equipment. It includes specifications, descriptions of functionality, diagnostic procedures, and service instructions for components. The manual is divided into sections covering different machine systems and functions.
STEYR 4110 PROFI Tractor Service Repair Manual.pdfji71426721883023
This document is a service manual that provides technical information for maintenance and repair of various PROFI tractor models. It contains sections on hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical, and electronic systems of primary importance. Specific topics covered include the primary and secondary hydraulic power systems, hydraulic command system, electrical power system, electronic system, engine systems, transmission systems, axles, brakes, steering, frame, cab features, hitch and working tools. The manual is intended to help technicians resolve customer issues by providing specifications, functional descriptions, diagnostic codes and troubleshooting guides, and removal/installation procedures for components.
STEYR 6115 PROFI Tractor Service Repair Manual.pdfji71426721883023
The document is a service manual that provides technical information for hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical, and electronic systems on agricultural equipment. It includes specifications, descriptions of functionality, diagnostic procedures, and service instructions for components. The manual is divided into sections covering different machine systems and functions.
STEYR 4110 PROFI Classic Tractor Service Repair Manual.pdfji71426721883023
The document is a service manual that provides technical information for hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical, and electronic systems on agricultural equipment. It includes specifications, descriptions of functionality, diagnostic procedures, and service instructions for components. The manual is divided into sections covering different machine systems and functions.
STEYR 6125 PROFI Classic Tractor Service Repair Manual.pdfji71426721883023
This document is a service manual that provides technical information for maintenance and repair of various PROFI tractor models. It contains sections on hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical, and electronic systems of primary importance. Specific topics covered include the primary and secondary hydraulic power systems, hydraulic command system, electrical power system, electronic system, engine systems, transmission systems, axles, brakes, steering, frame, cab features, hitch and working tools. The manual is intended to help technicians resolve customer issues by providing detailed technical data, functional descriptions, diagnostic codes and troubleshooting guides, and service/repair instructions for components.
STEYR 4110 PROFI Classic Tractor Service Repair Manual.pdfsf69hh3t876
The document is a service manual that provides technical information for hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical, and electronic systems on agricultural equipment. It includes specifications, descriptions of functionality, diagnostic procedures, and service instructions for components. The manual is divided into sections covering different machine systems and functions.
STEYR 6140 PROFI Tractor Service Repair Manual.pdfsf69hh3t876
The document is a service manual that provides technical information for hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical, and electronic systems on agricultural equipment. It includes specifications, descriptions of functionality, diagnostic procedures, and service instructions for components. The manual is divided into sections covering different machine systems and functions.
STEYR 6125 PROFI Classic Tractor Service Repair Manual.pdfsf69hh3t876
The document is a service manual that provides technical information for hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical, and electronic systems on agricultural equipment. It includes specifications, descriptions of functionality, diagnostic procedures, and service instructions for components. The manual is divided into sections covering different machine systems and functions.
STEYR 4110 PROFI Tractor Service Repair Manual.pdfsf69hh3t876
The document is a service manual that provides technical information for hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical, and electronic systems on agricultural equipment. It includes specifications, descriptions of functionality, diagnostic procedures, and service instructions for components. The manual is divided into sections covering different machine systems and functions.
STEYR 4110 PROFI Classic Tractor Service Repair Manual.pdfhuanfenju30103
The document is a service manual that provides technical information for hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical, and electronic systems on agricultural equipment. It includes specifications, descriptions of functionality, diagnostic procedures, and service instructions for components. The manual is divided into sections covering different machine systems and functions.
STEYR 6125 PROFI Tractor Service Repair Manual.pdfhuanfenju30103
This document is a service manual that provides technical information for maintaining various PROFI tractor models. It contains sections on hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical, and electronic systems of the primary power system. Other sections address the secondary hydraulic power system, hydraulic command system, electrical power system, electronic system, fault codes, engine systems, transmission, axles, brakes, steering, frame, cab environment controls, and hitches. The manual is intended to help technicians resolve customer issues by providing specifications, functional descriptions, diagnostic data, and service procedures for components and systems.
STEYR 4110 PROFI Tractor Service Repair Manual.pdfhuanfenju30103
The document is a service manual that provides technical information for hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical, and electronic systems on agricultural equipment. It includes specifications, descriptions of functionality, diagnostic procedures, and service instructions for components. The manual is divided into sections covering different machine systems and functions.
STEYR 6115 PROFI Tractor Service Repair Manual.pdfhuanfenju30103
The document is a service manual that provides technical information for hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical, and electronic systems on agricultural equipment. It includes specifications, descriptions of functionality, diagnostic procedures, and service instructions for components. The manual is divided into sections covering different machine systems and functions.
STEYR 6140 PROFI Classic Tractor Service Repair Manual.pdfhuanfenju30103
The document is a service manual that provides technical information for hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical, and electronic systems on agricultural equipment. It includes specifications, descriptions of functionality, diagnostic procedures, and service instructions for components. The manual is divided into sections covering different machine systems and functions.
STEYR 4130 PROFI Tractor Service Repair Manual.pdfhuanfenju30103
The document is a service manual that provides technical information for hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical, and electronic systems on agricultural equipment. It includes specifications, descriptions of functionality, diagnostic procedures, and service instructions for components. The manual is divided into sections covering different machine systems and functions.
STEYR 6140 PROFI Tractor Service Repair Manual.pdfhuanfenju30103
The document is a service manual that provides technical information for hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical, and electronic systems on agricultural equipment. It includes specifications, descriptions of functionality, diagnostic procedures, and service instructions for components. The manual is divided into sections covering different machine systems and functions.
STEYR 4130 PROFI Tractor Service Repair Manual.pdfji71426721883023
This document is a service manual that provides technical information for maintenance and repair of various PROFI tractor models. It contains sections on hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical, and electronic systems of primary importance. Specific topics covered include the primary and secondary hydraulic power systems, hydraulic command system, electrical power system, electronic system, engine systems, transmission systems, axles, brakes, steering, frame, cab features, hitch and working tools. The manual is intended to help technicians resolve customer issues by providing specifications, functional descriptions, diagnostic codes and troubleshooting guides, and removal/installation procedures for components.
STEYR 6125 PROFI Tractor Service Repair Manual.pdfji71426721883023
This document is a service manual that provides technical information for maintenance and repair of various PROFI tractor models. It contains sections on hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical, and electronic systems of primary and secondary hydraulic power systems, hydraulic command systems, electrical power systems, electronic systems, fault codes, engines, fuel systems, air intake systems, exhaust systems, cooling systems, starting systems, transmissions, drivetrains, PTO systems, axles, brakes, steering systems, suspensions, frames, cabs, user controls, platforms, hitches, and working tools. The introduction provides information on how to use the manual and its coding system to locate specific technical data, functional descriptions, diagnostics, and service procedures for components.
STEYR 6140 PROFI Classic Tractor Service Repair Manual.pdfji71426721883023
The document is a service manual that provides technical information for hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical, and electronic systems on agricultural equipment. It includes specifications, descriptions of functionality, diagnostic procedures, and service instructions for components. The manual is divided into sections covering different machine systems and functions.
STEYR 4120 PROFI Tractor Service Repair Manual.pdfji71426721883023
The document is a service manual that provides technical information for hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical, and electronic systems on agricultural equipment. It includes specifications, descriptions of functionality, diagnostic procedures, and service instructions for components. The manual is divided into sections covering different machine systems and functions.
STEYR 6140 PROFI Tractor Service Repair Manual.pdfji71426721883023
The document is a service manual that provides technical information for hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical, and electronic systems on agricultural equipment. It includes specifications, descriptions of functionality, diagnostic procedures, and service instructions for components. The manual is divided into sections covering different machine systems and functions.
STEYR 4110 PROFI Tractor Service Repair Manual.pdfji71426721883023
This document is a service manual that provides technical information for maintenance and repair of various PROFI tractor models. It contains sections on hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical, and electronic systems of primary importance. Specific topics covered include the primary and secondary hydraulic power systems, hydraulic command system, electrical power system, electronic system, engine systems, transmission systems, axles, brakes, steering, frame, cab features, hitch and working tools. The manual is intended to help technicians resolve customer issues by providing specifications, functional descriptions, diagnostic codes and troubleshooting guides, and removal/installation procedures for components.
STEYR 6115 PROFI Tractor Service Repair Manual.pdfji71426721883023
The document is a service manual that provides technical information for hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical, and electronic systems on agricultural equipment. It includes specifications, descriptions of functionality, diagnostic procedures, and service instructions for components. The manual is divided into sections covering different machine systems and functions.
STEYR 4110 PROFI Classic Tractor Service Repair Manual.pdfji71426721883023
The document is a service manual that provides technical information for hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical, and electronic systems on agricultural equipment. It includes specifications, descriptions of functionality, diagnostic procedures, and service instructions for components. The manual is divided into sections covering different machine systems and functions.
STEYR 6125 PROFI Classic Tractor Service Repair Manual.pdfji71426721883023
This document is a service manual that provides technical information for maintenance and repair of various PROFI tractor models. It contains sections on hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical, and electronic systems of primary importance. Specific topics covered include the primary and secondary hydraulic power systems, hydraulic command system, electrical power system, electronic system, engine systems, transmission systems, axles, brakes, steering, frame, cab features, hitch and working tools. The manual is intended to help technicians resolve customer issues by providing detailed technical data, functional descriptions, diagnostic codes and troubleshooting guides, and service/repair instructions for components.
STEYR 4110 PROFI Classic Tractor Service Repair Manual.pdfsf69hh3t876
The document is a service manual that provides technical information for hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical, and electronic systems on agricultural equipment. It includes specifications, descriptions of functionality, diagnostic procedures, and service instructions for components. The manual is divided into sections covering different machine systems and functions.
STEYR 6140 PROFI Tractor Service Repair Manual.pdfsf69hh3t876
The document is a service manual that provides technical information for hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical, and electronic systems on agricultural equipment. It includes specifications, descriptions of functionality, diagnostic procedures, and service instructions for components. The manual is divided into sections covering different machine systems and functions.
STEYR 6125 PROFI Classic Tractor Service Repair Manual.pdfsf69hh3t876
The document is a service manual that provides technical information for hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical, and electronic systems on agricultural equipment. It includes specifications, descriptions of functionality, diagnostic procedures, and service instructions for components. The manual is divided into sections covering different machine systems and functions.
STEYR 4110 PROFI Tractor Service Repair Manual.pdfsf69hh3t876
The document is a service manual that provides technical information for hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical, and electronic systems on agricultural equipment. It includes specifications, descriptions of functionality, diagnostic procedures, and service instructions for components. The manual is divided into sections covering different machine systems and functions.
Similar to classification_nbvchbcvhghfghfghfghfhg.ppt (20)
Meet up Milano 14 _ Axpo Italia_ Migration from Mule3 (On-prem) to.pdfFlorence Consulting
Quattordicesimo Meetup di Milano, tenutosi a Milano il 23 Maggio 2024 dalle ore 17:00 alle ore 18:30 in presenza e da remoto.
Abbiamo parlato di come Axpo Italia S.p.A. ha ridotto il technical debt migrando le proprie APIs da Mule 3.9 a Mule 4.4 passando anche da on-premises a CloudHub 1.0.
Instagram has become one of the most popular social media platforms, allowing people to share photos, videos, and stories with their followers. Sometimes, though, you might want to view someone's story without them knowing.
1. IPC - International Patent Classification
Classification Practice
- What and Where to Classify (and Search)?
October 2014
IPC Section, World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)
2. 2
Where?
Selecting appropriate places is similar for
Classifying patent applications / granted patents;
Searching state of the art for examination.
3. 3
What is classified?
Two types of technical information worth classifying:
Invention information
Technical information worth granting a patent
Additional information
Supplementary non-invention information
the classifier/examiner considers important
discretionary classification
obligatory classification
4. 4
obligatory classification
Invention Information
Technical information that represents an addition to the
state of the art
All novel and unobvious subject matter specifically
disclosed in a patent document
Claims as guidance, but also in description
In examined patent only in claims
Each piece of invention information classified separately
At least one symbol given as Invention Information even
if no invention
5. 5
Technical subject with which an invention is
essentially concerned should be classified as a whole
– not by separate classification of constituent parts
unless constituent parts are novel and unobvious.
When classifying a large system as a whole, parts or
details should also be classified if inventive.
Example: a leaf spring into a vehicle wheel suspension
- classified in the place for this system (B60G vehicle
suspension arrangements), and if the leaf spring as such is
novel and unobvious, also classified in the place for the thing
itself (F16F springs)
Invention Information
6. 6
non-obligatory classification
Additional information
Non-trivial technical information which does not represent
an addition to the state of the art but might constitute
useful information for search.
Complementing invention information, e.g.
elements or components of a process or structure;
constituents of a composition or mixture;
use or applications of classified technical subjects if
non-inventive.
Allows search by combination of symbols.
7. Invention and Additional Information
Metal rod wine rack (Training Example:M5)
Invention Information
A wine rack which is easily dismantled
Additional Information
A rigid wine rack made of “wire”
Int. Cl.
A47B 73/00 (2006.01) Bottle cupboards; Bottle racks
A47B 47/02 (2006.01) Racks characterised by features related to dismountability
A47B 55/02 (2006.01) Racks having essential features of rigid construction (made of wire)
Example:
7
8. 8
Determine the subject matter to be classified (searched).
1st step of classifying (search)
Basic categories of subject matter:
Processes, products, apparatus or material
Things “per se” and adaptations
9. 9
Categories of Technical subjects
Categories used in IPC:
Processes: e.g. preparation of foodstuffs, testing,
methods of operating machines, processing of
information, separation, etc.
Products: e.g. chemical compounds, compositions,
fabrics, articles of manufacture, etc.
Apparatus: e.g. tools, machines, devices, etc.
Material: ingredients of mixtures, etc.
Methods: of using a product or performing an operation
Each category should be separately classified if needed.
10. 10
Categories of Technical subjects
For example, if a product is inventive and its method of
manufacture is inventive,
then both the product and its method of manufacture
should be classified.
In addition, if a particular use is disclosed, then the use
should also be classified.
Numbers of classification do not always correspond to
independent claim.
11. 11
Categories not explicitly provided for
in classification titles
If for one of the categories, no distinct place has been
identified by the titles of the IPC, the most appropriate place
existing for the other categories is used for classifying:
Chemical compounds, and a specific field of use;
Chemical mixtures or compositions, or its use or application;
Preparation or treatment of compounds, or the Compound;
Apparatus or Processes.
Definitions, notes, references may provide specific
information.
See § 92-100 of the Guide to the IPC.
12. 12
Function and application-oriented places
IPC discriminates between two fundamental categories of
technical subjects:
• Things “per se”, “in general”, i.e. characterised
by their intrinsic nature or function,
i.e. independent of its field of use;
• Things specially adapted for particular use
or purpose.
► Function-oriented place
► Application-oriented place
13. 13
Function and application: examples
Function-oriented Places
- C07: Organic compounds characterised by structure only
- F16K (Valves), B01D (Filters), F16F (Springs)
Application Places
- C05 covers use of organic compounds as fertilisers
- A61F 2/24 covers mechanical valves specially adapted
for insertion into a human heart
- A47J 31/06 covers filters for coffee or tea makers
- B60G 11/00 covers incorporation of a spring into
the suspension of a vehicle
“specially adapted for” in the title
14. 14
What and Where ?
N.B. One document may contain several different
technical subject matters (inventive things) to be
classified (e.g. independent claims).
All inventive things have to be classified, several
classifications must be assigned if needed!
16. 16
Traditional principle:
As few symbols as possible, as much as necessary!
> Idealy one symbol
(historically important reason: limit paper search file)
Complementary principle:
Classify everything interesting for search purposes!
(efficient retrieval of documents)
Where?
17. 17
Types of IPC symbols
Classification symbols normally stand for concepts
(longer titles), i.e. a combination of
characteristics/features.
Indexing codes only describe one additional
characteristic of the subject matter to be classified
i.e. adding an indexing symbols is like adding a
keyword (indexing).
18. 18
Indexing Codes
Used only in specific areas to classify additional information
of interest for search
i.e. indexing codes are never given alone, they always
supplement one or several ordinary symbols.
Only specific places are used for indexing codes:
Indexing subclasses (B29K, B29L, C10N, C12R, F21W,
F21Y)
Indexing main groups (e.g. A01D 101/00, C04B 103/00,..)
Discretionary classification
Never presented first
22. 22
Different classification rules may apply:
First place priority rule
Last place priority rule
Special rules (see§155 of the Guide)
Multiple classification (C04B 38/00)
Subject-specific rules (C08L)
Common rule (default, if no other rules specified)
Classification Rules
give priority between groups of the same hierarchical level
avoid multiple classification in case of overlap
B32B
Note(s)
5. In groups B32B 1/00-B32B 33/00, the first place priority rule is
applied, i.e. at each hierarchical level, in the absence of an indication
to the contrary, classification is made in the first appropriate place.
Note(s)
In this subclass / main group(s) / group(s), the last place priority
rule is applied, i.e. at each hierarchical level, in the absence of an
indication to the contrary, classification is made in the last
appropriate place.
23. 23
Common Rule
Common Rule aims at limiting multiple classification when
many symbols should be allotted.
Priority for
groups for more complex subject matter
groups for more specialised subject matter
However, classification in several places if
priority not given, only places for subcombinations
place of lower priority is useful for search
24. 24
Question
Example:
Inventive subject matter A (1/00) is characterized by subcombinations of
B (1/04) and C (1/08) in the following scheme which has no provision for
combinations:
1/00 main group A
1/02 . subgroup
1/04 . subgroup B
1/06 . subgroup
1/08 . subgroup C
Question: Classification(s) under CR/FPPR/LPPR?
Answer: if Common Rule > B and C
if First Place Priority Rule > B
if Last Place Priority Rule > C
25. Question
Q. In main group A21D 2/00, where would you classify
treatment of dough by adding a mixture of ascorbic acid
and seed germs? (In view of the last place priority rule in
group A21D 2/00.)
25
26. 26
A21D 2/00 Treatment of flour or dough by adding materials thereto
before or during baking (A21D10/00 takes precedence)
Note(s) In groups A21D 2/02-A21D 2/40, the last place priority rule is applied,
i.e. at each hierarchical level, in the absence of an indication to the
contrary, a substance is classified in the last appropriate place.
A21D 2/02 · by adding inorganic substances
A21D 2/04 · · Oxygen; Oxygen-generating compounds, e.g. ozone, peroxides
A21D 2/06 · · Reducing agents
A21D 2/08 · by adding organic substances
A21D 2/10 · · Hydrocarbons
A21D 2/12 · · Halohydrocarbons
A21D 2/14 · · Organic oxygen compounds
A21D 2/16 · · · Fatty acid esters
A21D 2/18 · · · Carbohydrates
A21D 2/20 · · · Peroxides
A21D 2/22 · · · Ascorbic acid
A21D 2/24 · · Organic nitrogen compounds
A21D 2/26 · · · Proteins
A21D 2/28 · · Organic sulfur compounds
A21D 2/30 · · Organic phosphorus compounds
A21D 2/32 · · · Phosphatides
A21D 2/34 · · Animal material
A21D 2/36 · · Vegetable material
A21D 2/38 · · · Seed germs; Germinated cereals; Extracts thereof
A21D 2/40 · Apparatus for the chemical treatment of flour or dough
27. 27
Selecting / Finding IPC place
Different approaches/strategies:
Browsing the IPC scheme
Catchword Index
Terms (text search of the IPC)
IPCCAT (automated classification tool)
STATS (statistical approach using PATENTSCOPE)
28. 28
Browsing the IPC scheme
Simple approach:
Browsing the IPC
Section
Class
Subclass
Main Group
Subgroups
Unspecific titles
Specific titles
32. 32
IPCCAT (categorization tool)
A categorization assistance tool for the IPC designed to
help to classify patent documents at IPC subclass/main
group level
Designed with the concept of full phrases describing the
technical subject matter (not a keyword search tool)
Upload of document is possible
Based on artificial neural network
It is suggested that patent abstracts be used (at the
minimum), and not a random selection of text from the
patent description.
Need to consult the IPC scheme
Available at: https://www3.wipo.int/ipccat/
36. 36
STATS (Statistical approach)
Identifies IPC entries most frequently referenced
in the PATENTSCOPE database searched by
particular terms.
Statistical presentation of the search results is
performed according to IPC subclasses and
groups.
Search by simple terms and multi-term
(combination of simple terms separated by a
space) in all patent collections of the
PATENTSCOPE.