The document provides a matrix comparing characteristics of the juvenile justice system and adult justice system. Key characteristics of the juvenile justice system include court jurisdiction being determined by age and court proceedings being private. Key characteristics of the adult justice system include court proceedings being public and court jurisdiction being determined by offense. Characteristics that apply to both systems include individuals having the right to counsel and Miranda warnings, as well as the ability to negotiate plea bargains. Justice system personnel use discretion in both systems and prosecutors/defense attorneys play key roles.
Probation involves evaluation and examination of individuals subject to certain conditions set by probation officers. Probation officers supervise individuals in the community, organize rehabilitation treatment, counsel individuals, investigate compliance, testify in court, and determine if conditions have been violated. Probation officers are responsible for supervising individuals, helping with rehabilitation in the community, and enforcing the conditions of probation.
Many people are unfamiliar with the American Criminal Justice System, so this presentation condenses primary and necessary concepts for easy comprehension so that all can understand how the system functions and why!
Disclaimer: this presentation was completed for an in-class assignment at Rockhurst University. The "for Dummies" branding is not my own and was simply used as a format for the assignment concept.
The Campaign for Judicial Accountability and Reforms (CJAR) works to promote judicial reforms and accountability in India. It aims to pressure authorities to make courts more accessible, transparent in appointments and transfers, and sensitive to the poor. CJAR organizes events to inform people about issues like corruption and lack of accountability in the judiciary. It monitors judges through sections on its website for "Judge Watch" and "Judgement Watch" to scrutinize judges, expose biases, and critique rulings. CJAR's goal is a more just system that serves all citizens.
The adversarial system refers to the court acting as an impartial judge between two opposing parties - the prosecution/plaintiff and the defense/defendant. Key features include the parties having control over investigating and presenting their case, the judge ensuring fair compliance with rules of evidence and procedure, the burden being on the prosecution to prove their case, and standards of proof differing between civil and criminal cases. Legal representation is also needed for parties to effectively operate within the adversarial system.
This chapter discusses the importance of ethics in the criminal justice system. It notes that ethical issues exist at all levels, from creating laws to punishment. Criminal justice professionals have varying degrees of power and discretion, so studying ethics is critical to determine the right course of action. The chapter also defines key terms like morality, ethics, discretion, and explores the common obligations of criminal justice workers to act with integrity and uphold civil rights.
This document discusses the implications of the Victorian Charter of Human Rights and Responsibilities for organizations that provide services related to human rights and well-being. It outlines key aspects of the Charter, including which public authorities it applies to and which specific human rights it protects. It also discusses how the Charter can be used to challenge discriminatory practices, create a human rights-based approach to serving clients, and address human rights issues in two case studies involving access to drug treatment and housing.
The document summarizes key concepts about law and the legal profession. It discusses different theories of law, such as natural law and positive law. It also examines justifications for law like harm prevention and legal moralism. The document analyzes paradigms of law and perceptions of the judicial system. It compares legal agent and moral agent models of legal representation. It also summarizes ethical standards and responsibilities for lawyers.
Probation involves evaluation and examination of individuals subject to certain conditions set by probation officers. Probation officers supervise individuals in the community, organize rehabilitation treatment, counsel individuals, investigate compliance, testify in court, and determine if conditions have been violated. Probation officers are responsible for supervising individuals, helping with rehabilitation in the community, and enforcing the conditions of probation.
Many people are unfamiliar with the American Criminal Justice System, so this presentation condenses primary and necessary concepts for easy comprehension so that all can understand how the system functions and why!
Disclaimer: this presentation was completed for an in-class assignment at Rockhurst University. The "for Dummies" branding is not my own and was simply used as a format for the assignment concept.
The Campaign for Judicial Accountability and Reforms (CJAR) works to promote judicial reforms and accountability in India. It aims to pressure authorities to make courts more accessible, transparent in appointments and transfers, and sensitive to the poor. CJAR organizes events to inform people about issues like corruption and lack of accountability in the judiciary. It monitors judges through sections on its website for "Judge Watch" and "Judgement Watch" to scrutinize judges, expose biases, and critique rulings. CJAR's goal is a more just system that serves all citizens.
The adversarial system refers to the court acting as an impartial judge between two opposing parties - the prosecution/plaintiff and the defense/defendant. Key features include the parties having control over investigating and presenting their case, the judge ensuring fair compliance with rules of evidence and procedure, the burden being on the prosecution to prove their case, and standards of proof differing between civil and criminal cases. Legal representation is also needed for parties to effectively operate within the adversarial system.
This chapter discusses the importance of ethics in the criminal justice system. It notes that ethical issues exist at all levels, from creating laws to punishment. Criminal justice professionals have varying degrees of power and discretion, so studying ethics is critical to determine the right course of action. The chapter also defines key terms like morality, ethics, discretion, and explores the common obligations of criminal justice workers to act with integrity and uphold civil rights.
This document discusses the implications of the Victorian Charter of Human Rights and Responsibilities for organizations that provide services related to human rights and well-being. It outlines key aspects of the Charter, including which public authorities it applies to and which specific human rights it protects. It also discusses how the Charter can be used to challenge discriminatory practices, create a human rights-based approach to serving clients, and address human rights issues in two case studies involving access to drug treatment and housing.
The document summarizes key concepts about law and the legal profession. It discusses different theories of law, such as natural law and positive law. It also examines justifications for law like harm prevention and legal moralism. The document analyzes paradigms of law and perceptions of the judicial system. It compares legal agent and moral agent models of legal representation. It also summarizes ethical standards and responsibilities for lawyers.
Therapeutic Jurisprudence in the Courtroom and PrisonCADCP
Therapeutic jurisprudence considers therapeutic and anti-therapeutic aspects of the law, the legal system and the roles of court and corrections actors. These presenters share how strategies have been successfully applied in YOUR DRUG COURT and at a Compulsory Drug Treatment Correctional Center in Sydney, Australia.
This document discusses several topics related to law and the legal profession. It begins by outlining different theories of law, such as natural law and positive law. It then discusses legal justifications like the harm principle and legal paternalism. The document also examines perceptions of the judicial system and whether it achieves true justice. It analyzes the roles and ethics of legal professionals like attorneys and judges. Specifically, it debates whether attorneys should serve as legal agents or moral agents. Finally, the document reviews ethical standards and codes of conduct for legal professionals.
The document discusses the rules of professional conduct that govern attorneys and paralegals. It states that ethics rules establish minimum standards of conduct and that most states have adopted model rules of professional conduct. These rules are enforced through disciplinary processes. While the rules do not directly regulate paralegals, attorneys are responsible for supervising paralegals' work. The duties of loyalty, confidentiality and candor to the court are some of the key ethical obligations discussed.
This document provides an overview of ethics in criminal justice. It discusses why ethics is important to study, as criminal justice professionals have power and discretion that can impact people's lives. They are also public servants obligated to provide due process and equal protection. The document defines key terms like morality, ethics, discretion, and explores ethical demands and principles of public service. It provides examples of ethical dilemmas that criminal justice professionals may face and stresses the importance of identifying and resolving such issues.
This document summarizes a presentation on judicial precedent given by Arpita Das, Mitu Chowdhury, and Sahadat Hossain at Green University of Bangladesh's Department of Law. It was supervised by Dr. MD Mehedi Hasan, Assistant Professor at the Department of Law. The presentation covered the definition of precedent, the different types of judicial precedents (authoritative, persuasive, original, and declaratory), the binding force of precedents, and the merits and demerits of the precedent doctrine. The presentation provided details on how precedents guide judicial decisions and develop legal principles over time, while also acknowledging criticisms around conflicting decisions and overlooked authorities.
U402 a court processes and procedures (working progress)Crystal Delosa
The document discusses key aspects of criminal and civil court processes and procedures. It outlines three elements of an effective legal system: entitlement to a fair hearing, effective access, and timely dispute resolution. For criminal cases, it describes important pre-trial procedures like bail, remand, and committal hearings; and explains their purposes. It also provides an overview of the general purposes of criminal sanctions and three types of sanctions - punishment, denunciation, and protection. For civil cases, it mentions pre-trial procedures like pleadings and discovery.
The document discusses the importance and functions of the judiciary. It notes that the judiciary is the third organ of government responsible for applying laws to specific cases and settling disputes. Its key functions include giving justice, interpreting and applying laws, playing a role in law-making through precedents, protecting rights, and acting as guardian of the constitution. An independent judiciary is important as it protects citizens from legislative and executive overreach and ensures the rule of law. The document also examines different methods of appointing judges to ensure judicial independence and impartiality.
This document outlines the key learning objectives and content covered in Chapter 6 on Introduction to Law. It discusses the meaning and objectives of tort law, defines negligence and distinguishes it from malpractice. It explains the elements necessary to prove negligence, as well as intentional torts like assault, battery, and defamation. The document also covers criminal law, contracts, and the trial process.
Cyber ethics refers to appropriate behaviors and principles when interacting online. Some common cyber ethics issues include accepting use policies, piracy, plagiarism, cyberbullying, cyberlibel, viruses/worms, privacy violations, cyberstalking, and unintended consequences of online actions. Jurisdiction in cyber space is complex as online actions can involve multiple legal jurisdictions depending on where users and servers are located. Web space, also called disk space or storage space, refers to the amount of storage allocated by web hosts for website files and content. It is an important consideration when choosing a hosting plan.
This document provides an overview of several areas of law relevant to nursing practice, including criminal law, civil law, labor law, and tort law. It defines key concepts like tort, negligence, nuisance, and defamation. It also outlines sources of law like statutes, constitutions, and jurisprudence. Major statutes discussed include the Revised Penal Code, Civil Code, Labor Code, and Administrative Code of 1987. The document aims to educate nurses on their legal duties and protections.
In H. L. A. Hart publication on Law and Morality, He seeks to unravel the core question that is the interplay between law and collective morality. This presentation focus on Hart's ideas on the positioning of morality in our legal system and how it defines the very essence of law itself.
Strengths and Weakness of the Western Australian Adversarial (1).pptxAndrewBell441612
The document discusses the key aspects of the adversarial court system used in countries like Australia, the UK, Canada, and the US. It outlines that the adversarial system relies on the parties to present evidence and argue their respective positions to the judge or jury, who remain impartial. It also describes the different roles of parties, judges, rules of evidence, and burdens of proof in civil versus criminal cases. The document analyzes both the strengths of the adversarial system in promoting transparency and procedural fairness, and its weaknesses, such as more restrictive rules of evidence.
The document discusses the concept of administration of justice in India. It defines justice as a concept based on ethics, rationality, law, and fairness. The administration of justice is one of the essential functions of the state, carried out through courts of law. There are two types of administration of justice - civil justice, which ascertains the legal rights of parties, and criminal justice, which ascertains the guilt of accused individuals and inflicts punishment. The courts have several functions in administering justice, including determining primary and secondary functions, petitions, declarations, and titles of rights. The procedure courts follow includes summons, pleadings, proof, judgment, and execution.
Robin Stocks completed a 150-hour internship with the Public Defender office in Calhoun, Georgia, assisting attorneys by producing documents for indigent clients. The internship objectives were to gain experience in criminal justice and advocacy while fulfilling Kennesaw State University's requirements. Stocks helped the administrative team by creating offender files, accessing inmate information systems, and filing various motions and orders with the Clerk of Court.
This document provides an overview of how law is developed and applied in the UK. It discusses that laws originate from unspoken social rules and customs that developed over generations. These became codified into common law through judicial precedent, where higher courts establish binding precedents that lower courts must follow. Legislation has now become the primary source of law in the UK. The key concepts covered include:
- Laws originate from social customs and norms
- A state is a community with a defined territory governed by a government
- Common law is developed through judicial precedent, where courts follow previous rulings on similar cases
- Legislation and statutes now supersede common law where conflicts arise
The document provides an overview of the court system in the United States, including the structure and functions of federal and state courts. It discusses the roles of judges as adjudicators, negotiators, and administrators. The document also examines the roles of prosecutors and their discretion in charging decisions. It describes methods of providing legal counsel to indigent defendants, including public defenders. Finally, it introduces the concept of a courtroom workgroup comprising the regular participants within the criminal justice system.
BAR BENCH RELATION UNDER ADVOCATE ACT 1961.pptxBasantMarkam1
In law, the term “Bar-Bench relationship” pertains to the friendly relationship that advocates have with judges. The Bar (advocates) and the Bench (judges) both play critical roles in the administration of justice. Maintaining cordial relations between the Bench and the Bar requires respect and understanding on both sides of the bench and bar.
This document provides numerous examples of juror misconduct involving unauthorized internet research during trials. Some key points:
- Many jurors conducted their own internet research on defendants, witnesses, evidence, legal definitions, and sentencing guidelines.
- Some jurors engaged with parties on social media by friending or following them.
- Surveys found that jurors want more education and clearer instructions on refraining from outside research.
- Courts are working to improve juror instructions, education, and consequences to address this growing problem of wired and connected jurors conducting unauthorized research online.
Therapeutic Jurisprudence in the Courtroom and PrisonCADCP
Therapeutic jurisprudence considers therapeutic and anti-therapeutic aspects of the law, the legal system and the roles of court and corrections actors. These presenters share how strategies have been successfully applied in YOUR DRUG COURT and at a Compulsory Drug Treatment Correctional Center in Sydney, Australia.
This document discusses several topics related to law and the legal profession. It begins by outlining different theories of law, such as natural law and positive law. It then discusses legal justifications like the harm principle and legal paternalism. The document also examines perceptions of the judicial system and whether it achieves true justice. It analyzes the roles and ethics of legal professionals like attorneys and judges. Specifically, it debates whether attorneys should serve as legal agents or moral agents. Finally, the document reviews ethical standards and codes of conduct for legal professionals.
The document discusses the rules of professional conduct that govern attorneys and paralegals. It states that ethics rules establish minimum standards of conduct and that most states have adopted model rules of professional conduct. These rules are enforced through disciplinary processes. While the rules do not directly regulate paralegals, attorneys are responsible for supervising paralegals' work. The duties of loyalty, confidentiality and candor to the court are some of the key ethical obligations discussed.
This document provides an overview of ethics in criminal justice. It discusses why ethics is important to study, as criminal justice professionals have power and discretion that can impact people's lives. They are also public servants obligated to provide due process and equal protection. The document defines key terms like morality, ethics, discretion, and explores ethical demands and principles of public service. It provides examples of ethical dilemmas that criminal justice professionals may face and stresses the importance of identifying and resolving such issues.
This document summarizes a presentation on judicial precedent given by Arpita Das, Mitu Chowdhury, and Sahadat Hossain at Green University of Bangladesh's Department of Law. It was supervised by Dr. MD Mehedi Hasan, Assistant Professor at the Department of Law. The presentation covered the definition of precedent, the different types of judicial precedents (authoritative, persuasive, original, and declaratory), the binding force of precedents, and the merits and demerits of the precedent doctrine. The presentation provided details on how precedents guide judicial decisions and develop legal principles over time, while also acknowledging criticisms around conflicting decisions and overlooked authorities.
U402 a court processes and procedures (working progress)Crystal Delosa
The document discusses key aspects of criminal and civil court processes and procedures. It outlines three elements of an effective legal system: entitlement to a fair hearing, effective access, and timely dispute resolution. For criminal cases, it describes important pre-trial procedures like bail, remand, and committal hearings; and explains their purposes. It also provides an overview of the general purposes of criminal sanctions and three types of sanctions - punishment, denunciation, and protection. For civil cases, it mentions pre-trial procedures like pleadings and discovery.
The document discusses the importance and functions of the judiciary. It notes that the judiciary is the third organ of government responsible for applying laws to specific cases and settling disputes. Its key functions include giving justice, interpreting and applying laws, playing a role in law-making through precedents, protecting rights, and acting as guardian of the constitution. An independent judiciary is important as it protects citizens from legislative and executive overreach and ensures the rule of law. The document also examines different methods of appointing judges to ensure judicial independence and impartiality.
This document outlines the key learning objectives and content covered in Chapter 6 on Introduction to Law. It discusses the meaning and objectives of tort law, defines negligence and distinguishes it from malpractice. It explains the elements necessary to prove negligence, as well as intentional torts like assault, battery, and defamation. The document also covers criminal law, contracts, and the trial process.
Cyber ethics refers to appropriate behaviors and principles when interacting online. Some common cyber ethics issues include accepting use policies, piracy, plagiarism, cyberbullying, cyberlibel, viruses/worms, privacy violations, cyberstalking, and unintended consequences of online actions. Jurisdiction in cyber space is complex as online actions can involve multiple legal jurisdictions depending on where users and servers are located. Web space, also called disk space or storage space, refers to the amount of storage allocated by web hosts for website files and content. It is an important consideration when choosing a hosting plan.
This document provides an overview of several areas of law relevant to nursing practice, including criminal law, civil law, labor law, and tort law. It defines key concepts like tort, negligence, nuisance, and defamation. It also outlines sources of law like statutes, constitutions, and jurisprudence. Major statutes discussed include the Revised Penal Code, Civil Code, Labor Code, and Administrative Code of 1987. The document aims to educate nurses on their legal duties and protections.
In H. L. A. Hart publication on Law and Morality, He seeks to unravel the core question that is the interplay between law and collective morality. This presentation focus on Hart's ideas on the positioning of morality in our legal system and how it defines the very essence of law itself.
Strengths and Weakness of the Western Australian Adversarial (1).pptxAndrewBell441612
The document discusses the key aspects of the adversarial court system used in countries like Australia, the UK, Canada, and the US. It outlines that the adversarial system relies on the parties to present evidence and argue their respective positions to the judge or jury, who remain impartial. It also describes the different roles of parties, judges, rules of evidence, and burdens of proof in civil versus criminal cases. The document analyzes both the strengths of the adversarial system in promoting transparency and procedural fairness, and its weaknesses, such as more restrictive rules of evidence.
The document discusses the concept of administration of justice in India. It defines justice as a concept based on ethics, rationality, law, and fairness. The administration of justice is one of the essential functions of the state, carried out through courts of law. There are two types of administration of justice - civil justice, which ascertains the legal rights of parties, and criminal justice, which ascertains the guilt of accused individuals and inflicts punishment. The courts have several functions in administering justice, including determining primary and secondary functions, petitions, declarations, and titles of rights. The procedure courts follow includes summons, pleadings, proof, judgment, and execution.
Robin Stocks completed a 150-hour internship with the Public Defender office in Calhoun, Georgia, assisting attorneys by producing documents for indigent clients. The internship objectives were to gain experience in criminal justice and advocacy while fulfilling Kennesaw State University's requirements. Stocks helped the administrative team by creating offender files, accessing inmate information systems, and filing various motions and orders with the Clerk of Court.
This document provides an overview of how law is developed and applied in the UK. It discusses that laws originate from unspoken social rules and customs that developed over generations. These became codified into common law through judicial precedent, where higher courts establish binding precedents that lower courts must follow. Legislation has now become the primary source of law in the UK. The key concepts covered include:
- Laws originate from social customs and norms
- A state is a community with a defined territory governed by a government
- Common law is developed through judicial precedent, where courts follow previous rulings on similar cases
- Legislation and statutes now supersede common law where conflicts arise
The document provides an overview of the court system in the United States, including the structure and functions of federal and state courts. It discusses the roles of judges as adjudicators, negotiators, and administrators. The document also examines the roles of prosecutors and their discretion in charging decisions. It describes methods of providing legal counsel to indigent defendants, including public defenders. Finally, it introduces the concept of a courtroom workgroup comprising the regular participants within the criminal justice system.
BAR BENCH RELATION UNDER ADVOCATE ACT 1961.pptxBasantMarkam1
In law, the term “Bar-Bench relationship” pertains to the friendly relationship that advocates have with judges. The Bar (advocates) and the Bench (judges) both play critical roles in the administration of justice. Maintaining cordial relations between the Bench and the Bar requires respect and understanding on both sides of the bench and bar.
This document provides numerous examples of juror misconduct involving unauthorized internet research during trials. Some key points:
- Many jurors conducted their own internet research on defendants, witnesses, evidence, legal definitions, and sentencing guidelines.
- Some jurors engaged with parties on social media by friending or following them.
- Surveys found that jurors want more education and clearer instructions on refraining from outside research.
- Courts are working to improve juror instructions, education, and consequences to address this growing problem of wired and connected jurors conducting unauthorized research online.
1. Associate Level Material
Appendix D
The Justice Systems
System Comparison Matrix
Copy and paste the characteristics of the juvenile justice system and the adult justice systems
into their respective columns. Place the characteristics that are relative to both the juvenile and
adult systems into the column labeled “Both”.
• Individuals arrested have the right to receive Miranda warnings.
• The purpose of the procedures is to punish the guilty.
• Individuals on trial have the constitutional right to a jury trial.
• Court jurisdiction is determined by age.
• Individuals have the right to counsel.
• Individuals on trial do not have a right to a jury trial.
• There is the ability to negotiate and plea bargain.
• Court proceedings are public.
• Purpose of procedures is to protect and treat.
• Proceedings are not considered criminal.
• Justice system personnel use discretion.
• Court proceedings are private.
• Court jurisdiction is determined by offense.
• Proceedings are considered criminal.
• Prosecutors and defense attorneys are key players in proceedings.
Juvenile Justice
Adult Justice System Both
System
• Court jurisdiction • Court proceedings • Individuals
is determined by age. are public. arrested have the right to
• Court proceedings • Court jurisdiction receive Miranda
are private. is determined by warnings.
offense. • The purpose of the
procedures is to punish
the guilty.
• Individuals on trial
have the constitutional
right to a jury trial.
• Individuals have
the right to counsel.
• Individuals on trial
do not have a right to a
jury trial.
• There is the ability
to negotiate and plea
CJS 240
2. bargain.
• Proceedings are
not considered criminal.
• Purpose of
procedures is to protect
and treat.
• Proceedings are
not considered criminal.
• Justice system
personnel use discretion.
• Proceedings are
considered criminal.
• Prosecutors and
defense attorneys are
key players in
proceedings.
Issues Impacting the Juvenile Court System
Briefly review the discussions in the two clusters to which you were not assigned for this week’s
Discussion Question 1. In a 200- to 300-word response, address the main points for and against
the two controversial issues.
I think that children under the age of 16 should be tried as adults for more serious
crimes but they should receive the death penalty at that age. Children are liable
to make mistakes and if a child commits a crime so serious that other adults have
died for it, they should be punished hard, but should have the ability to seek the
help and guidance that they need. Those children have not even begun to live
yet or truly realize the mistakes of their ways yet. People like that should not be
on death row at the age of 15 or 14, they should be motivational speakers for
other kids going down that path. In my opinion the press should have the
freedom to publish pictures and names of juvenile offenders. In my opinion, that
takes precedence over a juvenile's right to privacy at a hearing. My reason for
stating such is the mere fact that the juvenile took the time out to commit a crime
therefore, why should they be granted a private hearing. If they are bold enough
to commit the crime than their faces should be published as well as their names
so society can be aware of who to look out for just in case they are wanted.
Furthermore according to the text it's a violation of the 1st amendment to prohibit
further disclosure at a juvenile hearing. How a juvenile is sentenced can be
determined from their past criminal record.
CJS 240
3. Highlight the position you will defend in your final project.
• The juvenile justice system should focus on rehabilitation.
• The juvenile justice system should focus on punishment.
CJS 240