This document summarizes Winston & Strawn LLP's presentation on recent legal and business trends in China. It discusses China's growing economy and two-way investment trends between China and other countries. It also outlines China's rising consumer market, key PRC regulatory issues foreign companies face, and common Chinese deal structures. Recent enforcement of China's Anti-Monopoly Law is also summarized.
The document discusses China and Colombia's growing economic relationship, with China becoming Colombia's second largest trade partner. It outlines China's increasing outbound mergers and acquisitions in Latin America, including two deals in Colombia's oil and gas industry. Key topics covered include bilateral trade trends, sectors of Chinese investment, considerations for foreign businesses investing in China, and intellectual property protection.
Policy makers and privatisation experts agree that it is critical to “get privatisation right". A well-planned and executed transaction, backed by sound rationales, institutional and regulatory arrangements, good governance, and integrity can have consequences on future divestment activity by enhancing investor confidence while gaining the support of stakeholders and the public. Drawing on the internationally agreed OECD Guidelines on Corporate Governance of State-Owned Enterprises and decades’ worth of national experience across both OECD and Partner economies, this Policy Maker’s Guide to Privatisation provides practical advice to newcomers on key stages of the process from inception to post-privatisation. With global privatisation activity trending upwards and expected to rise, this Guide can support policy makers in their decision making process in the years to come.
A strong corporate governance framework is essential for MENA economies as they strive to boost economic growth, strengthen competitiveness and build prosperous societies. The G20/OECD Principles of Corporate Governance and the OECD Guidelines on Corporate Governance of State-Owned Enterprises are a reference in order to build such a framework. This report assesses the corporate governance landscape in the MENA region by identifying challenges and proposing policy options for reform. The findings of the report are based on an analysis of policies and practices in four thematic areas: boosting access to finance and capital markets, improving transparency and disclosure, achieving gender balance in corporate leadership and enhancing the governance of state-owned enterprises in MENA. Overall, the report finds that MENA economies have made progress in strengthening corporate governance frameworks in recent years, but that the region still faces challenges in adopting and implementing corporate governance measures that support economic efficiency, sustainable growth and financial stability.
The document provides an overview of the Guernsey Financial Services Commission's (GFSC) supervisory approach and discusses the implications of Brexit for Guernsey.
The GFSC uses a risk-based approach to supervision called PRISM that categorizes firms based on their impact and the probability of risks. It engages with firms at different levels depending on their risk profile. Brexit could impact Guernsey's access to EU markets but it also provides opportunities if Guernsey can negotiate replacement agreements. The document outlines Guernsey's current relationship to the EU and strategies for maintaining access to UK and EU markets after Brexit.
This presentation presents the main findings from the 2020 OECD Investment Policy Review of Myanmar. This publication will be launched at a virtual event in the presence of Myanmar's Union Minister for Investment and Foreign Economic Relations. The launch was followed by a high-level panel discussion on “Attracting quality investment and building resilience through responsible business conduct and international labour standards". http://www.oecd.org/investment/oecd-investment-policy-reviews-myanmar-2020-d7984f44-en.htm
This document provides an overview and analysis of Vietnam's new Investment Law and Enterprise Law, and discusses implications of the upcoming ASEAN Economic Community (AEC). Key points include:
- The new laws simplify investment procedures and reduce restrictions on foreign investment in Vietnam.
- They provide clearer definitions of foreign investors and streamline investment registration.
- Vietnam's ongoing equitization of state-owned enterprises will provide opportunities for foreign investment and M&A deals.
- The establishment of the AEC in 2015 will create a larger shared market of over 600 million people across Southeast Asia, offering greater access and opportunities for businesses to expand regionally.
- Analysis suggests Vietnam is well-positioned to benefit from the
This document provides information on investing and locating businesses in the UK. It discusses the UK's economic context, how to register and choose a legal structure for a business, available financial support programs, taxation details, intellectual property protections, and recommended locations for technology and innovation zones. Specific organizations like UK Trade and Investment are highlighted as resources for international companies seeking to invest or expand in the UK.
- The Asian landscape - uncertainty in the near term
- Structuring considerations
- Risk allocation amongst parties
Prabhu Narasimhan, Counsel, White & Case
Peita Menton, Partner, White & Case
The document discusses China and Colombia's growing economic relationship, with China becoming Colombia's second largest trade partner. It outlines China's increasing outbound mergers and acquisitions in Latin America, including two deals in Colombia's oil and gas industry. Key topics covered include bilateral trade trends, sectors of Chinese investment, considerations for foreign businesses investing in China, and intellectual property protection.
Policy makers and privatisation experts agree that it is critical to “get privatisation right". A well-planned and executed transaction, backed by sound rationales, institutional and regulatory arrangements, good governance, and integrity can have consequences on future divestment activity by enhancing investor confidence while gaining the support of stakeholders and the public. Drawing on the internationally agreed OECD Guidelines on Corporate Governance of State-Owned Enterprises and decades’ worth of national experience across both OECD and Partner economies, this Policy Maker’s Guide to Privatisation provides practical advice to newcomers on key stages of the process from inception to post-privatisation. With global privatisation activity trending upwards and expected to rise, this Guide can support policy makers in their decision making process in the years to come.
A strong corporate governance framework is essential for MENA economies as they strive to boost economic growth, strengthen competitiveness and build prosperous societies. The G20/OECD Principles of Corporate Governance and the OECD Guidelines on Corporate Governance of State-Owned Enterprises are a reference in order to build such a framework. This report assesses the corporate governance landscape in the MENA region by identifying challenges and proposing policy options for reform. The findings of the report are based on an analysis of policies and practices in four thematic areas: boosting access to finance and capital markets, improving transparency and disclosure, achieving gender balance in corporate leadership and enhancing the governance of state-owned enterprises in MENA. Overall, the report finds that MENA economies have made progress in strengthening corporate governance frameworks in recent years, but that the region still faces challenges in adopting and implementing corporate governance measures that support economic efficiency, sustainable growth and financial stability.
The document provides an overview of the Guernsey Financial Services Commission's (GFSC) supervisory approach and discusses the implications of Brexit for Guernsey.
The GFSC uses a risk-based approach to supervision called PRISM that categorizes firms based on their impact and the probability of risks. It engages with firms at different levels depending on their risk profile. Brexit could impact Guernsey's access to EU markets but it also provides opportunities if Guernsey can negotiate replacement agreements. The document outlines Guernsey's current relationship to the EU and strategies for maintaining access to UK and EU markets after Brexit.
This presentation presents the main findings from the 2020 OECD Investment Policy Review of Myanmar. This publication will be launched at a virtual event in the presence of Myanmar's Union Minister for Investment and Foreign Economic Relations. The launch was followed by a high-level panel discussion on “Attracting quality investment and building resilience through responsible business conduct and international labour standards". http://www.oecd.org/investment/oecd-investment-policy-reviews-myanmar-2020-d7984f44-en.htm
This document provides an overview and analysis of Vietnam's new Investment Law and Enterprise Law, and discusses implications of the upcoming ASEAN Economic Community (AEC). Key points include:
- The new laws simplify investment procedures and reduce restrictions on foreign investment in Vietnam.
- They provide clearer definitions of foreign investors and streamline investment registration.
- Vietnam's ongoing equitization of state-owned enterprises will provide opportunities for foreign investment and M&A deals.
- The establishment of the AEC in 2015 will create a larger shared market of over 600 million people across Southeast Asia, offering greater access and opportunities for businesses to expand regionally.
- Analysis suggests Vietnam is well-positioned to benefit from the
This document provides information on investing and locating businesses in the UK. It discusses the UK's economic context, how to register and choose a legal structure for a business, available financial support programs, taxation details, intellectual property protections, and recommended locations for technology and innovation zones. Specific organizations like UK Trade and Investment are highlighted as resources for international companies seeking to invest or expand in the UK.
- The Asian landscape - uncertainty in the near term
- Structuring considerations
- Risk allocation amongst parties
Prabhu Narasimhan, Counsel, White & Case
Peita Menton, Partner, White & Case
The 2020 OECD Investment Policy Review of Indonesia presents an assessment of the investment climate in Indonesia and provides recommendations to support the government in its ongoing reform efforts. The Review places great emphasis on measures to build a sound, transparent and responsible investment environment to support a resilient economic recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic. Find out more at http://www.oecd.org/investment/oecd-investment-policy-reviews-indonesia-2020-b56512da-en.htm
Chapter 13 the hk ex and listed companiesQuan Risk
The document provides an overview of the Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing Limited (HKEx) and listed companies. It describes the HKEx group structure and its major functions in facilitating stock trading and providing clearing and settlement services. It also outlines the organization of the HKEx Listing Department and its role in regulating listed companies. Finally, it discusses the advantages of listing in Hong Kong and details the Main Board and Growth Enterprise Market for listing.
The document outlines key priorities for investment policy reforms in Middle Eastern and North African economies based on an analysis of trends and policies. The priorities are: 1) Improve clarity, consistency and transparency of investment rules. 2) Advance reforms to improve competition and private sector development. 3) Target investment policies to better serve sustainable development goals. 4) Strengthen good governance to deliver better investment outcomes. Reforms such as reducing restrictions, clarifying regulations, aligning incentives with goals, and coordinating agencies are recommended. The analysis and priorities aim to support investment-led recovery from COVID-19.
This document summarizes evidence on the impact of business entry reforms from the Doing Business report and other studies. It finds that reducing regulatory burdens for starting a business, such as simplifying procedures, eliminating minimum capital requirements, and creating online registration systems, has encouraged more entrepreneurial activity and firm formalization in many economies. Recent reforms highlighted include Timor-Leste creating a one-stop shop, São Tomé and Príncipe eliminating licensing requirements, and China streamlining registration procedures. Ongoing impact evaluations also seek to better understand how reforms can increase formalization rates.
The OECD Guidelines on Corporate Governance of State-Owned Enterprises were first published in 2005 and revised in 2015. They provide non-binding principles for governments on how to professionalize the ownership function and ensure state-owned enterprises operate as efficiently as privately-owned firms. The 2015 revision added new chapters on defining the rationales for state ownership and ensuring state-owned enterprises compete fairly in the marketplace. It also strengthened principles around disclosure, boards of directors, and responsible business conduct. While not legally binding, the Guidelines represent an international standard for reforming governance of state-owned enterprises.
The document discusses the OECD FDI Regulatory Restrictiveness Index, which measures statutory restrictions on foreign direct investment across 22 economic sectors in OECD and non-OECD countries. It finds that restrictions vary significantly between countries and sectors, with restrictions generally higher in Asia-Pacific countries but declining over time as countries reform. Countries that reduce restrictions tend to see increases in foreign direct investment as a percentage of GDP. The index can be used to benchmark countries' restrictiveness, measure reforms, and assess the impact of FDI liberalization on inflows.
This document summarizes Westfield's corporate structure in the UK and its use for tax avoidance. It finds that Westfield has over 150 subsidiaries in the UK, many of which are limited partnerships that allow profits to be shifted to subsidiaries in tax havens like Jersey, reducing the amount of taxes paid in the UK. The document also examines Westfield Stratford City shopping center as a case study, finding its complex ownership structure involving over 25 subsidiaries in several countries helps Westfield and its joint venture partners like pension funds avoid UK taxes. It estimates that in 2012, Westfield avoided paying £22.4 million in UK taxes through profit shifting to tax haven subsidiaries.
South Asia Sub-Regional Economic Cooperation (SASEC) presentationMohammad Monir Hossan
The document discusses trade facilitation in South Asia, specifically for Bangladesh. It provides an overview of Bangladesh's economy, introduces the South Asia Subregional Economic Cooperation initiative, and outlines the benefits of trade facilitation for countries in the region. It then discusses some of the bottlenecks and challenges to trade facilitation in Bangladesh, such as infrastructure issues and compliance with standards. The document also reviews some trade facilitation initiatives and reforms that have been implemented in Bangladesh and suggests further areas for improvement.
Qawaem is a Saudi Arabian program that allows companies to electronically file financial statements using XBRL. It aims to increase credibility of financial statements, speed up submission processes, and allow for analysis of sector benchmarks and financial health. Over 10,000 historical statements were migrated to the new system in its first year. Next steps include developing additional taxonomies and business intelligence tools for analysis.
The document summarizes key developments in the retail investment distribution landscape in the UK, Australia, and South Africa. In the UK, the number of financial advisers has dropped by 20% since the Retail Distribution Review. Broker networks and restricted advice models are becoming more prominent. In Australia, retail distribution is dominated by large "dealer groups" affiliated with banks and insurers. In South Africa, larger independent financial adviser firms are buying smaller firms, and product providers are taking stakes in or fully acquiring independents. The document also outlines different emerging "independent" financial adviser models in South Africa involving various partnership and ownership structures.
Linda gihana the role of rwanda government to support private sector develop...Ruth Adams
This document summarizes a presentation by Linda Kalimba on private sector development in Rwanda. Some key points include:
- Rwanda has pursued strategic reforms to develop its private sector and SME sector through streamlining business registration, improving access to financing, and establishing institutions like the Rwanda Development Board.
- Reforms are overseen at the highest levels and engage stakeholders from government, private sector, and civil society.
- Success factors include high-level leadership, technical coordination of reforms, and ongoing engagement with the private sector.
- Challenges remain in areas like access to credit, skills and capacity development, and infrastructure bottlenecks.
- Rwanda serves as an example of
The establishment of the Single Supervisory Mechanism is the first step towards a European Banking Union. The ECB will take responsibility for bank supervision in November 2014. Before then, the ECB will conduct an assessment of around 130 large banks through an Asset Quality Review and stress test. It is important that the ECB's assessment is seen as credible by capital markets in order to boost confidence in banks. However, there is a risk that a very tough assessment could undermine some governments' ability to recapitalize national banks. The ECB aims to enhance transparency, strengthen bank balance sheets, and rebuild trust. But a remaining issue is establishing a credible public backstop for banks through a Single Resolution Mechanism.
This document discusses the corporate responsibility initiatives of the Companies Commission of Malaysia (SSM). SSM has developed a Corporate Responsibility Agenda to inculcate a culture of corporate responsibility among Malaysian businesses. A key part of this agenda is SSM's strategic partnership with UNICEF to promote responsible business practices and child rights. Together they have released guidance for businesses on setting up childcare centers and nursing rooms, as well as encouraging technical and vocational training. SSM also provides information on corporate responsibility reporting and plans to incorporate voluntary non-financial reporting into the new Companies Act. The initiatives aim to balance business profitability with sustainable development.
The document discusses business registries and legal reform efforts in several Asian countries aimed at reducing burdens on the private sector to alleviate poverty and grow economic opportunities. It outlines the overall policy objectives of mandating poverty reduction and private sector growth. Specific policy goals include improving the contracting environment, expanding the formal sector, increasing transparency and compliance while reducing transaction costs. The Asian Development Bank has supported these efforts through initiatives establishing business and secured transactions registries in countries like Tonga, Solomon Islands, Samoa, and Vanuatu to help achieve these reforms. Key challenges to legal and registry reforms include making law changes, managing technology adoption, and navigating political economic issues.
Investment policy reform in Myanmar, presentation by Aung Naing Oo, Director ...Carly Avery
Investment policy reform in Myanmar, presentation by Aung Naing Oo, Director General, DICA, Ministry of National Planning and Economic Development, Myanmar. October 2013.
Burgis & Bullock - Guide to Mergers and Acquisitions in the UKTIAG_Alliance
The UK is a highly attractive place to do business as evidenced by the large levels of inward investment into the country seen over the last few years. For overseas companies wishing to set up operations and trade there are a number of highly useful guides to doing business in the UK produced by the accounting and law firm members of the TAG Alliances (www.tiagnet.com and www.taglaw.com).
However, one of the most common methods for international companies to seek a presence in the UK is through acquisition. Having advised and supported overseas businesses to acquire UK companies we have observed there are many subtle, and not so subtle, variations in how different countries conduct M&A activity. This includes not just the obvious legal differences, but also variances in style, custom, market practice, the role of advisers, and the process undertaken.
This guide does not cover the strategic and commercial aspects of an effective acquisition strategy that would be common across the globe, such as defining your acquisition criteria, target analysis, valuations, negotiations, and post-acquisition integration. The document is designed to provide non-UK acquirers with an overview of the legal and regulatory regime governing M&A activity in the UK together with an understanding of the processes and transaction issues that are most commonly encountered in this country. It is no substitute for good quality professional advice, but should help buyers to plan their M&A strategy for maximum effectiveness.
This presentation outlines the investment policy review process that the government of Viet Nam is undertaking in partnership with the the OECD and ASEAN as part of an active programme of investment policy reforms.
To find out more visit: http://www.oecd.org/daf/inv/investment-policy/viet-nam-investment-policy.htm
The Foreign Investment Regulation Review, Sixth EditionMatheson Law Firm
Pat English, partner and head of International Business, and Grace Murray, associate in International Business, co-author the sixth edition of The Foreign Investment Regulation Review.
- IHS Nigeria Plc saw significant growth in 2009, with revenue increasing 56% to N11.34 billion and pre-tax profit rising 42% to N1.426 billion.
- The company expanded into new markets in Ghana, Sudan, and Tanzania, with those markets contributing 20% and 27% of group revenue and 16% and 18% of group profits, respectively.
- IHS invested in training and developing its workforce, which grew from 250 to over 700 employees as the business expanded across Africa.
Morocco has positioned itself as an emerging economic power in Africa through modern infrastructure, sectoral strategies, industrialization, green energy development, and trade agreements. It offers attractive conditions for both domestic and foreign investors, currently ranking 53rd in the World Bank's ease of doing business index. Key advantages for foreign investors include the ability to fully own companies, freely acquire property, favorable corporate tax rates between 10-31%, and numerous free trade agreements. The creation of companies is straightforward, taking an average of 10-12 days to incorporate as either a Limited Liability Company or Public Limited Company.
The document discusses Mongolia's financial regulatory reforms and plans to develop its capital markets. It outlines challenges such as macroeconomic instability, a high deposit rate due to instability, weak investor protection, and inefficient infrastructure. Recent reforms include new legislation, decreasing regulatory constraints, and developing investment fund and custodian regulations. Plans are discussed to privatize state-owned companies, increase the bond market, trade strategic mining deposits on the stock exchange, improve listed companies, introduce new financial products, and develop insurance companies and non-bank financial institutions as institutional investors. The strategy involves implementing a sustainable national strategy by 2025 and developing an international financial zone in Ulaanbaatar.
The document discusses Mongolia's plans to reform its financial policies and regulatory framework to develop its capital markets. It aims to decrease market constraints through reforms, develop new investment products and services, and implement a risk-based supervisory approach for over 1,000 regulated entities. Key areas of focus include privatizing state-owned companies, increasing the bond market, permitting commodity derivatives, and improving listed company quality. The strategy's end goal is to establish a mature, competitive, integrated and stable financial market by 2025 through comprehensive development phases and establishing an International Financial Zone with a unique legal and tax environment.
The 2020 OECD Investment Policy Review of Indonesia presents an assessment of the investment climate in Indonesia and provides recommendations to support the government in its ongoing reform efforts. The Review places great emphasis on measures to build a sound, transparent and responsible investment environment to support a resilient economic recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic. Find out more at http://www.oecd.org/investment/oecd-investment-policy-reviews-indonesia-2020-b56512da-en.htm
Chapter 13 the hk ex and listed companiesQuan Risk
The document provides an overview of the Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing Limited (HKEx) and listed companies. It describes the HKEx group structure and its major functions in facilitating stock trading and providing clearing and settlement services. It also outlines the organization of the HKEx Listing Department and its role in regulating listed companies. Finally, it discusses the advantages of listing in Hong Kong and details the Main Board and Growth Enterprise Market for listing.
The document outlines key priorities for investment policy reforms in Middle Eastern and North African economies based on an analysis of trends and policies. The priorities are: 1) Improve clarity, consistency and transparency of investment rules. 2) Advance reforms to improve competition and private sector development. 3) Target investment policies to better serve sustainable development goals. 4) Strengthen good governance to deliver better investment outcomes. Reforms such as reducing restrictions, clarifying regulations, aligning incentives with goals, and coordinating agencies are recommended. The analysis and priorities aim to support investment-led recovery from COVID-19.
This document summarizes evidence on the impact of business entry reforms from the Doing Business report and other studies. It finds that reducing regulatory burdens for starting a business, such as simplifying procedures, eliminating minimum capital requirements, and creating online registration systems, has encouraged more entrepreneurial activity and firm formalization in many economies. Recent reforms highlighted include Timor-Leste creating a one-stop shop, São Tomé and Príncipe eliminating licensing requirements, and China streamlining registration procedures. Ongoing impact evaluations also seek to better understand how reforms can increase formalization rates.
The OECD Guidelines on Corporate Governance of State-Owned Enterprises were first published in 2005 and revised in 2015. They provide non-binding principles for governments on how to professionalize the ownership function and ensure state-owned enterprises operate as efficiently as privately-owned firms. The 2015 revision added new chapters on defining the rationales for state ownership and ensuring state-owned enterprises compete fairly in the marketplace. It also strengthened principles around disclosure, boards of directors, and responsible business conduct. While not legally binding, the Guidelines represent an international standard for reforming governance of state-owned enterprises.
The document discusses the OECD FDI Regulatory Restrictiveness Index, which measures statutory restrictions on foreign direct investment across 22 economic sectors in OECD and non-OECD countries. It finds that restrictions vary significantly between countries and sectors, with restrictions generally higher in Asia-Pacific countries but declining over time as countries reform. Countries that reduce restrictions tend to see increases in foreign direct investment as a percentage of GDP. The index can be used to benchmark countries' restrictiveness, measure reforms, and assess the impact of FDI liberalization on inflows.
This document summarizes Westfield's corporate structure in the UK and its use for tax avoidance. It finds that Westfield has over 150 subsidiaries in the UK, many of which are limited partnerships that allow profits to be shifted to subsidiaries in tax havens like Jersey, reducing the amount of taxes paid in the UK. The document also examines Westfield Stratford City shopping center as a case study, finding its complex ownership structure involving over 25 subsidiaries in several countries helps Westfield and its joint venture partners like pension funds avoid UK taxes. It estimates that in 2012, Westfield avoided paying £22.4 million in UK taxes through profit shifting to tax haven subsidiaries.
South Asia Sub-Regional Economic Cooperation (SASEC) presentationMohammad Monir Hossan
The document discusses trade facilitation in South Asia, specifically for Bangladesh. It provides an overview of Bangladesh's economy, introduces the South Asia Subregional Economic Cooperation initiative, and outlines the benefits of trade facilitation for countries in the region. It then discusses some of the bottlenecks and challenges to trade facilitation in Bangladesh, such as infrastructure issues and compliance with standards. The document also reviews some trade facilitation initiatives and reforms that have been implemented in Bangladesh and suggests further areas for improvement.
Qawaem is a Saudi Arabian program that allows companies to electronically file financial statements using XBRL. It aims to increase credibility of financial statements, speed up submission processes, and allow for analysis of sector benchmarks and financial health. Over 10,000 historical statements were migrated to the new system in its first year. Next steps include developing additional taxonomies and business intelligence tools for analysis.
The document summarizes key developments in the retail investment distribution landscape in the UK, Australia, and South Africa. In the UK, the number of financial advisers has dropped by 20% since the Retail Distribution Review. Broker networks and restricted advice models are becoming more prominent. In Australia, retail distribution is dominated by large "dealer groups" affiliated with banks and insurers. In South Africa, larger independent financial adviser firms are buying smaller firms, and product providers are taking stakes in or fully acquiring independents. The document also outlines different emerging "independent" financial adviser models in South Africa involving various partnership and ownership structures.
Linda gihana the role of rwanda government to support private sector develop...Ruth Adams
This document summarizes a presentation by Linda Kalimba on private sector development in Rwanda. Some key points include:
- Rwanda has pursued strategic reforms to develop its private sector and SME sector through streamlining business registration, improving access to financing, and establishing institutions like the Rwanda Development Board.
- Reforms are overseen at the highest levels and engage stakeholders from government, private sector, and civil society.
- Success factors include high-level leadership, technical coordination of reforms, and ongoing engagement with the private sector.
- Challenges remain in areas like access to credit, skills and capacity development, and infrastructure bottlenecks.
- Rwanda serves as an example of
The establishment of the Single Supervisory Mechanism is the first step towards a European Banking Union. The ECB will take responsibility for bank supervision in November 2014. Before then, the ECB will conduct an assessment of around 130 large banks through an Asset Quality Review and stress test. It is important that the ECB's assessment is seen as credible by capital markets in order to boost confidence in banks. However, there is a risk that a very tough assessment could undermine some governments' ability to recapitalize national banks. The ECB aims to enhance transparency, strengthen bank balance sheets, and rebuild trust. But a remaining issue is establishing a credible public backstop for banks through a Single Resolution Mechanism.
This document discusses the corporate responsibility initiatives of the Companies Commission of Malaysia (SSM). SSM has developed a Corporate Responsibility Agenda to inculcate a culture of corporate responsibility among Malaysian businesses. A key part of this agenda is SSM's strategic partnership with UNICEF to promote responsible business practices and child rights. Together they have released guidance for businesses on setting up childcare centers and nursing rooms, as well as encouraging technical and vocational training. SSM also provides information on corporate responsibility reporting and plans to incorporate voluntary non-financial reporting into the new Companies Act. The initiatives aim to balance business profitability with sustainable development.
The document discusses business registries and legal reform efforts in several Asian countries aimed at reducing burdens on the private sector to alleviate poverty and grow economic opportunities. It outlines the overall policy objectives of mandating poverty reduction and private sector growth. Specific policy goals include improving the contracting environment, expanding the formal sector, increasing transparency and compliance while reducing transaction costs. The Asian Development Bank has supported these efforts through initiatives establishing business and secured transactions registries in countries like Tonga, Solomon Islands, Samoa, and Vanuatu to help achieve these reforms. Key challenges to legal and registry reforms include making law changes, managing technology adoption, and navigating political economic issues.
Investment policy reform in Myanmar, presentation by Aung Naing Oo, Director ...Carly Avery
Investment policy reform in Myanmar, presentation by Aung Naing Oo, Director General, DICA, Ministry of National Planning and Economic Development, Myanmar. October 2013.
Burgis & Bullock - Guide to Mergers and Acquisitions in the UKTIAG_Alliance
The UK is a highly attractive place to do business as evidenced by the large levels of inward investment into the country seen over the last few years. For overseas companies wishing to set up operations and trade there are a number of highly useful guides to doing business in the UK produced by the accounting and law firm members of the TAG Alliances (www.tiagnet.com and www.taglaw.com).
However, one of the most common methods for international companies to seek a presence in the UK is through acquisition. Having advised and supported overseas businesses to acquire UK companies we have observed there are many subtle, and not so subtle, variations in how different countries conduct M&A activity. This includes not just the obvious legal differences, but also variances in style, custom, market practice, the role of advisers, and the process undertaken.
This guide does not cover the strategic and commercial aspects of an effective acquisition strategy that would be common across the globe, such as defining your acquisition criteria, target analysis, valuations, negotiations, and post-acquisition integration. The document is designed to provide non-UK acquirers with an overview of the legal and regulatory regime governing M&A activity in the UK together with an understanding of the processes and transaction issues that are most commonly encountered in this country. It is no substitute for good quality professional advice, but should help buyers to plan their M&A strategy for maximum effectiveness.
This presentation outlines the investment policy review process that the government of Viet Nam is undertaking in partnership with the the OECD and ASEAN as part of an active programme of investment policy reforms.
To find out more visit: http://www.oecd.org/daf/inv/investment-policy/viet-nam-investment-policy.htm
The Foreign Investment Regulation Review, Sixth EditionMatheson Law Firm
Pat English, partner and head of International Business, and Grace Murray, associate in International Business, co-author the sixth edition of The Foreign Investment Regulation Review.
- IHS Nigeria Plc saw significant growth in 2009, with revenue increasing 56% to N11.34 billion and pre-tax profit rising 42% to N1.426 billion.
- The company expanded into new markets in Ghana, Sudan, and Tanzania, with those markets contributing 20% and 27% of group revenue and 16% and 18% of group profits, respectively.
- IHS invested in training and developing its workforce, which grew from 250 to over 700 employees as the business expanded across Africa.
Morocco has positioned itself as an emerging economic power in Africa through modern infrastructure, sectoral strategies, industrialization, green energy development, and trade agreements. It offers attractive conditions for both domestic and foreign investors, currently ranking 53rd in the World Bank's ease of doing business index. Key advantages for foreign investors include the ability to fully own companies, freely acquire property, favorable corporate tax rates between 10-31%, and numerous free trade agreements. The creation of companies is straightforward, taking an average of 10-12 days to incorporate as either a Limited Liability Company or Public Limited Company.
The document discusses Mongolia's financial regulatory reforms and plans to develop its capital markets. It outlines challenges such as macroeconomic instability, a high deposit rate due to instability, weak investor protection, and inefficient infrastructure. Recent reforms include new legislation, decreasing regulatory constraints, and developing investment fund and custodian regulations. Plans are discussed to privatize state-owned companies, increase the bond market, trade strategic mining deposits on the stock exchange, improve listed companies, introduce new financial products, and develop insurance companies and non-bank financial institutions as institutional investors. The strategy involves implementing a sustainable national strategy by 2025 and developing an international financial zone in Ulaanbaatar.
The document discusses Mongolia's plans to reform its financial policies and regulatory framework to develop its capital markets. It aims to decrease market constraints through reforms, develop new investment products and services, and implement a risk-based supervisory approach for over 1,000 regulated entities. Key areas of focus include privatizing state-owned companies, increasing the bond market, permitting commodity derivatives, and improving listed company quality. The strategy's end goal is to establish a mature, competitive, integrated and stable financial market by 2025 through comprehensive development phases and establishing an International Financial Zone with a unique legal and tax environment.
The document summarizes Mongolia's financial regulatory reforms and plans to develop its capital markets. It discusses challenges faced by Mongolia's market historically including macroeconomic instability, high deposit rates, weak investor protections, and inefficient infrastructure. Recent reforms include new laws, decreased regulatory constraints, and risk-based supervision. Plans are outlined to privatize state-owned companies, develop the bond market, allow trading of new derivatives, and increase institutional investors. The strategy involves integrating financial industries and creating a sustainable market according to a national strategy by 2025, including establishing an international financial zone in Ulaanbaatar.
This document discusses how access to digital technologies and data can help reduce economic transaction costs and barriers to information, as well as the importance of closing the digital divide. It notes that while the aggregate positive impact of information and communication technologies (ICT) is large, it is unevenly distributed. Over half the world's population does not have access to high-speed internet or any internet access. The largest barriers to digital adoption are often poor business climates and lack of competition. Business registry data that is complete, transparent and accurate is an important building block for a good business environment and economic growth. It can provide information to help governments and market participants. The document examines business registration trends in Serbia following reforms, finding spikes in new firm registration
Investment policy reform in Myanmar, presentation by Aung Naing Oo, Director General, DICA, Ministry of National Planning and Economic Development, Myanmar. October 2013.
Visit: www.oecd.org/daf/inv/investment-policy/investment-policy-reform-in-myanmar.htm
- India faced an economic crisis in the early 1990s with high fiscal and trade deficits, inflation, and a balance of payments crisis.
- In 1991, India liberalized its economy through the New Economic Policy, introducing measures like privatization, liberalization, and globalization.
- The goals of the reforms were to reduce inflation, deficits, and debt while attracting foreign investment and making Indian industry more competitive.
- Reforms included reducing licensing, opening sectors to private and foreign firms, lowering trade barriers, reforming taxes and exchange rates.
M&A in Vietnam: addressing key issues that arise under the enterprise law and...Dr. Oliver Massmann
This document summarizes a presentation given by Dr. Oliver Massmann on M&A in Vietnam. It discusses opportunities and challenges for M&A under Vietnam's new investment and enterprise laws. Key points include an overview of major M&A trends in Vietnam in recent years, notable M&A deals in 2016, drivers of M&A activity, changes to foreign ownership limits, and Vietnam's increasing economic integration through agreements like the TPP and EU-Vietnam Free Trade Agreement. The presentation addresses issues that commonly arise for foreign investors pursuing M&A transactions in Vietnam.
Jimmy E Dadrewalla, European Finance Director at United Phosphorus - Corporat...Global Business Events
This presentation discusses corporate acquisitions in developing countries and managing associated risks and cultural issues. It notes that foreign direct investment has increasingly focused on developing markets in recent decades as opportunities for growth. When acquiring companies in new markets like Ukraine and Brazil, chief financial officers must focus on risk mitigation strategies, such as ensuring credible local partners and structuring deals to allow resolution of disputes in international courts. The presentation also emphasizes the importance of understanding cultural differences between countries and integrating acquired company employees and leadership to avoid potential clashes. It provides a case study on the challenges of establishing a joint venture in Brazil, including differing growth aspirations of partners and approaches to debt levels.
Bournemouth - Essential 6-monthly Finance Directors' Update – Nov/Dec 2016 PKF Francis Clark
Our six-monthly Finance Seminars provide a high level overview of the most important technical developments in financial reporting and taxation. The seminars address the key topical financial matters, the opportunities they present, how they affect your business and the pitfalls you can avoid.
This document provides an overview of doing business in China. It discusses China joining the WTO in 2001 and the opening up of its market, which has attracted foreign investment and technology. While bureaucracy remains, the government is making efforts to encourage foreign investment. Priority sectors for foreign investment include those using modern technology, environmental protection, and energy/water conservation. The document outlines some incentives available for foreign investors in China, including tax reductions and exemptions for certain high-tech and service enterprises.
Taunton - Essential 6-monthly Finance Directors' Update – Nov/Dec 2016PKF Francis Clark
Our six-monthly Finance Seminars provide a high level overview of the most important technical developments in financial reporting and taxation. The seminars address the key topical financial matters, the opportunities they present, how they affect your business and the pitfalls you can avoid.
Bodmin - Essential 6-monthly Finance Directors' Update – Nov/Dec 2016 PKF Francis Clark
Our six-monthly Finance Seminars provide a high level overview of the most important technical developments in financial reporting and taxation. The seminars address the key topical financial matters, the opportunities they present, how they affect your business and the pitfalls you can avoid.
Exeter - Essential 6-monthly Finance Directors' Update – Nov/Dec 2016 PKF Francis Clark
Our six-monthly Finance Seminars provide a high level overview of the most important technical developments in financial reporting and taxation. The seminars address the key topical financial matters, the opportunities they present, how they affect your business and the pitfalls you can avoid.
LAWYER IN VIETNAM OLIVER MASSMANN VIETNAM M&A IN 2016 AND 2017 OUTLOOKDr. Oliver Massmann
This document summarizes Oliver Massmann's presentation on M&A trends in Vietnam in 2016 and the outlook for 2017. Some key points from the presentation include:
- Major foreign investors in Vietnamese M&A deals in 2016 came from Thailand, Japan, Korea, the US and Europe as they prepared for new trade agreements.
- Retail and real estate were the most active sectors in terms of deal value. Notable M&A deals included Central Group's acquisition of Big C Vietnam and TTC Holdings' acquisition of Metro Vietnam.
- Drivers of M&A activity in Vietnam in 2016 included the new Investment Law, Enterprise Law and implementing decrees which simplified procedures, as well as new trade agreements like the
This document discusses Vietnam's economy and investment opportunities. It provides an overview of Vietnam's 2013 GDP, inflation, exports, minimum wage, and forecasts GDP growth of 5.8-6% in 2014. Foreign direct investment in Vietnam increased 69% in 2013 and is expected to rise further. The document outlines opportunities in industries like real estate, healthcare, food and beverage, and retail. It also discusses how the Trans-Pacific Partnership and EU-FTA agreements could boost Vietnam's economy by reducing tariffs and opening new export markets. The document recommends that investors consider opportunities in Vietnam.
This document discusses Vietnam's economy and investment opportunities. It provides an overview of Vietnam's 2013 GDP, inflation, exports, minimum wage, and forecasts GDP growth of 5.8-6% in 2014. Foreign direct investment in Vietnam increased 69% in 2013 and is expected to rise further. The document outlines opportunities in industries like real estate, healthcare, food and beverage, and retail. It also discusses how the Trans-Pacific Partnership and EU-FTA agreements could boost Vietnam's economy by reducing tariffs and opening new export markets. The document recommends that investors consider opportunities in Vietnam.
PPP Presentation to Ogun State Executive Committee 2014John Davie
The document discusses key considerations for successful public-private partnership (PPP) programs. It emphasizes that the most important thing governments must do is use high quality experienced advisers. Other important factors include having a strong government team, providing high quality data and preparing high quality project development work. It also outlines different types of PPP agreements, common misconceptions about PPPs, and lessons learned from other countries' PPP programs.
The document discusses M&A and capital market development in Vietnam. It provides an overview of M&A and FDI trends in Vietnam, noting increasing M&A deal values in recent years. It also identifies some impediments in Vietnam's investment environment like inconsistent regulations. Looking forward, the document predicts continued growth in Vietnam's economy and M&A/capital markets, driven by international trade agreements and reforms. Banking, real estate, and consumer goods are sectors expected to see ongoing M&A activity in the coming years.
This document discusses M&A and capital market development in Vietnam. It notes that Vietnam is developing as a frontier market and capturing foreign investor attention despite issues with state-owned enterprises and non-performing loans. Foreign direct investment in Vietnam has increased, with Japan leading M&A deals. However, impediments like inconsistent regulations and low labor quality remain. The outlook is positive, with GDP growth expected around 6% in 2014 and foreign investment increasing due to economic stability and trade agreement benefits.
Similar to China is Changing—Is Your Company Prepared? (20)
Companies operating with employees in the U.S. need to be aware of state and federal employment laws. Employees can be a business’s greatest asset, but it may seem that there is a potential employment pitfall at every turn. The consequences of mishandling issues can be costly and time-consuming.
On June 13, 2019, Winston hosted the inaugural Nordic Session – “Avoiding Employment Law Landmines” presented by Monique Ngo-Bonnici, Jason Campbell, and Nordic Session hosts Uri Doron and Jared Manes. The presenters discussed employment litigation trends and provided practical strategies on a number of labor and employment-related issues.
More information, including an audio recording, is available here:
https://www.winston.com/en/thought-leadership/the-nordic-sessions-avoiding-employment-law-landmines.html
Latest Developments Regarding Arbitration in Hong Kong and Mainland ChinaWinston & Strawn LLP
The arbitration landscape is ever-changing, with new legislation being promulgated, cases coming up, and ideas being tested. In part three of this series, Partner Terence Wong explored the latest developments regarding arbitration in Hong Kong and Mainland China, including a case handed down by the Court of Final Appeal, and a decision of the Indian Court dealing with the split of the China International Economic and Trade Arbitration Commission (CIETAC), which may have an impact on the enforcement of CIETAC arbitral awards in other jurisdictions.
Contact Winston & Strawn for more information about this presentation: https://www.winston.com/en/thought-leadership/latest-developments-regarding-arbitration-in-hong-kong-and-mainland-china.html
Recent Trends in Regulatory Actions Impacting Banks and Financial InstitutionsWinston & Strawn LLP
This presentation addresses recent trends in regulatory actions impacting banks and financial institutions. It focuses on how attendees can minimize their impact on their respective organizations as a lawyer, leader of a line of business, member of the Board of Directors, or a risk management, compliance, finance, and internal audit professional.
The presentation also addresses trends in formal enforcement actions, observations related to recent regulatory agency matters, and noteworthy recent public enforcement matters. It includes lessons learned in preventing matters requiring attention from turning into formal actions and best practices in conducting lookback reviews.
More information, including an audio recording, is available here: https://www.winston.com/en/thought-leadership/recent-trends-in-regulatory-actions-impacting-banks-and-financial-institutions.html.
For better or worse, electronic data is at the heart of many legal investigations. Therefore, it is becoming increasingly important for lawyers to have a basic understanding of computer forensics including:
- what computer forensics is and what types of things can a computer forensic expert do;
- types of mistakes lawyers or IT professionals make that can corrupt, alter, or destroy evidence that is key to investigations;
what types of electronic evidence exists;
- ways to work efficiently and effectively with a computer forensic expert; and
- when to consider hiring and how to choose a computer forensic expert as part of an investigation
Learn more from Winston & Strawn and listen to the presentation here: https://www.winston.com/en/thought-leadership/computer-forensics-what-every-lawyer-needs-to-know.html.
Maximizing Deductions in Light of the Section 162(m) GuidanceWinston & Strawn LLP
Winston & Strawn’s Employee Benefits & Executive Compensation Practice hosted “Maximizing Deductions in Light of the Section 162(m) Guidance” on September 6, 2018.
The IRS recently issued Notice 2018-68 providing much anticipated guidance on the key issues with respect to the Section 162(m) amendments added by the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act.
Partners Michael Melbinger, Nyron Persaud, and Ruth Wimer presented this webinar focused on understanding the impact of Notice 2018-68, including:
- Brief overview of the changes in Section 162(m) as a result of the Tax Act
- In depth discussion and analysis of Notice 2018-68: Covered employee, written binding contract, material modification
- “To do” list for maximizing deductions going forward
- Alternative compensation strategies
- Proxy Statement Reporting
- Accounting issues
Learn more here: https://www.winston.com/en/thought-leadership/maximizing-deduction-in-light-of-the-section-162m-guidance.html.
Regulators on the Move – Recent Treasury and Comptroller Actions: How They Af...Winston & Strawn LLP
This document summarizes recent regulatory actions and initiatives that affect financial institutions and their boards of directors. It discusses a Treasury report on nonbank financial companies and fintech, the OCC's announcement allowing fintech companies to apply for national bank charters, the BCFP's participation in an international fintech regulatory cooperation group, and other related developments. The actions reflect a changing landscape with increasing fintech competition and opportunities for banks through partnerships with innovative companies. Banks will need to carefully navigate the uncertainties of these overlapping and possibly conflicting regulatory initiatives.
Winston & Strawn's Employee Benefits & Executive Compensation Practice hosted an eLunch to discuss key issues faced by plan sponsors during IRS and DOL audits of retirement plans. The most common problem areas identified by IRS and DOL agents were addressed, with practical tips for plan sponsors on how to establish and maintain internal controls to help avoid compliance errors. Topics included:
-The most significant issues DOL agents focus on during audits, including missing participants, late payroll deposits, and missed employee communications
-The most significant issues IRS agents focus on during audits, including definitions of compensation, age 70-1/2 distributions, employee eligibility requirements, and properly updated plan documents
-Steps employers can take in order to improve their internal controls for compliance with IRS and DOL requirements
Contact Winston & Strawn for more information about this presentation:
https://www.winston.com/en/thought-leadership/irs-and-dol-audit-issues-for-retirement-plans.html
Solutions to Section 301 Tariffs on Products from China—Managing the Shock of...Winston & Strawn LLP
As part of an on-going international trade dispute between the United States and China, on July 6, 2018, the U.S. Trade Representative (USTR) imposed additional 25% tariffs on the importation of products from China that fall within 818 different classifications of the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (HTSUS). Since that time, the USTR has proposed additional 25% tariffs on an another large group of tariff classifications, and the week of July 9 proposed additional 10% tariffs on a third set of tariff classifications. These additional tariffs are based on an investigation under Section 301 of the Trade Act of 1974 into the government of China’s acts, policies, and practices related to technology transfer, intellectual property, and innovation.
These Section 301 tariffs are a financial shock to many Chinese suppliers and their U.S. customers and may even drive some companies out of business. However, there are procedures available for seeking removal of certain HTSUS classes of goods from the Section 301 tariffs, other procedures for seeking exemptions of particular products from those tariffs, and if necessary, supply chains can be reconfigured to avoid those tariffs.
Contact Winston & Strawn for more information about this presentation: https://www.winston.com/en/thought-leadership/solutions-to-section-301-tariffs-on-products-from-chinamanaging-the-shock-of-25-increase-in-cost-of-goods.html.
Best Practices for Anti-Bribery and Anti-Corruption (ABAC) ComplianceWinston & Strawn LLP
Winston & Strawn hosted a webinar titled “Best Practices for Anti-Bribery and Anti-Corruption (ABAC) Compliance.”
The interactive webinar focused on the following ABAC compliance topics:
- Anti-bribery and anti-corruption authorities
- Essential elements of a comprehensive and effective compliance program
- Implementing your compliance program in real-world scenarios
- Problem management and escalation protocol
Winston & Strawn partners Peter Crowther, Nicholas Usher, and Eva Davis hosted a discussion on the latest developments in international corporate transactions and antitrust/competition law.
Among other topics, they discussed current market practices for U.S. companies doing transactions in Europe, as well as key takeaways from some of the recent matters they have handled.
The document provides an overview of recent legislative, regulatory, and policy developments that are impacting the financial services industry. Key points include:
- The Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief, and Consumer Protection Act provides regulatory relief for smaller banks and raises various asset thresholds.
- Recent speeches by Federal Reserve officials emphasize transparency in regulatory policies and balancing pre-positioning of capital with flexibility.
- The OCC Comptroller is urging banks to meet consumers' short-term small dollar credit needs.
- The presentation discusses the implications of these changes for regulatory burden, competition between large and small banks, and issues for banks' boards of directors to consider.
Trade Secret Protection: Practical Advice on Protecting and Defending Your Or...Winston & Strawn LLP
Winston's Global Privacy & Data Security Task Force presented an interactive webinar focused on some of the practical ways to prevent theft of key information, investigation tips, and strategies to defend against the use of that information after a theft.
Cryptocurrency Crackdown: What You Need to Know about Enhanced IRS/Government...Winston & Strawn LLP
With a newly assembled team of specialized investigators, the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) has dedicated substantial resources to investigating cryptocurrency use in tax evasion. According to the IRS, any taxpayer who has engaged in a virtual currency transaction without properly reporting it has failed to comply with U.S. tax law.
As John Doe Summonses seeking the identities of investors are served on cryptocurrency trading exchanges, significant IRS civil and criminal investigations will ensue. The New York Attorney General’s Office has announced an investigation into the policies and practices of cryptocurrency trading exchanges. The SEC, CFTC, and other regulators have announced initiatives as well.
Winston & Strawn hosted “Cryptocurrency Crackdown: What You Need to Know about Enhanced IRS/Government Scrutiny of Cryptocurrency Transactions.” The program examined the IRS’s newest substantive and procedural initiatives regarding cryptocurrency transactions, the reporting obligations that U.S. taxpayers must follow, corrective steps that may still be taken to mitigate exposure, and appropriate tax structuring of these transactions.
The program also provided an overview of the latest developments in regulatory investigations.
In 2017, Nevada became the 36th state to ratify the The Equal Rights Amendment (ERA). This spring, Illinois could become the 37th. With one additional state ratification—and one more vote in Congress—our Constitution could finally guarantee equality to all people regardless of sex.
“The Equal Rights Amendment: Legal Issues and Implications” was designed to answer recurring questions about the legal implications of the ratification effort, including why ratifying the ERA is still important and necessary, what the ERA would (and would not) accomplish, and why it is not too late.
https://www.winston.com/en/equal-rights-amendment.html
For a few brief months in late 2017, the five-member National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) operated at full-strength and with a Republican majority for the first time in a decade. The “new” NLRB’s case outcomes were consequential, and included reversals of several perceived pro-labor decisions from the prior Obama NLRB. Then, Chairman Miscimarra’s term expired in December, and the NLRB settled back into a 2-2 equipoise. Looking ahead, employers will likely not wait long for another shift in the NLRB’s political make-up, as President Trump’s latest nominee, Republican John Ring, awaits confirmation by the Senate.
Winston & Strawn Partners Bill Miossi and Derek Barella review the NLRB’s late 2017 flurry of activity and likely issues and agenda items to be taken up by the Trump NLRB in 2018.
2018 Hot Topics for Health & Welfare Plans, Fringe Benefits, and Withholding ...Winston & Strawn LLP
Winston & Strawn’s Employee Benefits & Executive Compensation Practice presented an eLunch titled “2018 Hot Topics for Health & Welfare Plans, Fringe Benefits, and Withholding Rates.”
This presentation featured a discussion of the following hot button issues:
- Updates on Affordable Care Act (ACA) employer shared responsibility
- Tax Act changes to the ACA
- Tax Act changes to fringe benefit rules
- Tax Act changes to employer tax withholding rates, including for bonuses and other supplemental payments
The Real Deal Webinar Series: Delaware Law Developments/Recent Judicial Decis...Winston & Strawn LLP
The presentation included a discussion of current issues and recent judicial decisions affecting M&A transactions and corporate governance for Delaware companies from a transactional perspective.
The EU’s General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) takes effect on May 25, 2018. GDPR significantly increases the requirements imposed on companies touching the personal data of EU citizens, and also increases oversight by the EU member states’ data protection authorities. And the consequences of non-compliance under GDPR are massive—the greater of €20 million or four percent of the company’s worldwide turnover.
The Real Deal Webinar Series: Practical Advice from a Former Chief Compliance...Winston & Strawn LLP
The presentation included a discussion of practical steps in-house lawyers can take to build, grow, and measure their corporate compliance program, and why such programs are important for companies, especially those preparing for a sale.
Matthew Professional CV experienced Government LiaisonMattGardner52
As an experienced Government Liaison, I have demonstrated expertise in Corporate Governance. My skill set includes senior-level management in Contract Management, Legal Support, and Diplomatic Relations. I have also gained proficiency as a Corporate Liaison, utilizing my strong background in accounting, finance, and legal, with a Bachelor's degree (B.A.) from California State University. My Administrative Skills further strengthen my ability to contribute to the growth and success of any organization.
Genocide in International Criminal Law.pptxMasoudZamani13
Excited to share insights from my recent presentation on genocide! 💡 In light of ongoing debates, it's crucial to delve into the nuances of this grave crime.
सुप्रीम कोर्ट ने यह भी माना था कि मजिस्ट्रेट का यह कर्तव्य है कि वह सुनिश्चित करे कि अधिकारी पीएमएलए के तहत निर्धारित प्रक्रिया के साथ-साथ संवैधानिक सुरक्षा उपायों का भी उचित रूप से पालन करें।
Synopsis On Annual General Meeting/Extra Ordinary General Meeting With Ordinary And Special Businesses And Ordinary And Special Resolutions with Companies (Postal Ballot) Regulations, 2018
This document briefly explains the June compliance calendar 2024 with income tax returns, PF, ESI, and important due dates, forms to be filled out, periods, and who should file them?.
Lifting the Corporate Veil. Power Point Presentationseri bangash
"Lifting the Corporate Veil" is a legal concept that refers to the judicial act of disregarding the separate legal personality of a corporation or limited liability company (LLC). Normally, a corporation is considered a legal entity separate from its shareholders or members, meaning that the personal assets of shareholders or members are protected from the liabilities of the corporation. However, there are certain situations where courts may decide to "pierce" or "lift" the corporate veil, holding shareholders or members personally liable for the debts or actions of the corporation.
Here are some common scenarios in which courts might lift the corporate veil:
Fraud or Illegality: If shareholders or members use the corporate structure to perpetrate fraud, evade legal obligations, or engage in illegal activities, courts may disregard the corporate entity and hold those individuals personally liable.
Undercapitalization: If a corporation is formed with insufficient capital to conduct its intended business and meet its foreseeable liabilities, and this lack of capitalization results in harm to creditors or other parties, courts may lift the corporate veil to hold shareholders or members liable.
Failure to Observe Corporate Formalities: Corporations and LLCs are required to observe certain formalities, such as holding regular meetings, maintaining separate financial records, and avoiding commingling of personal and corporate assets. If these formalities are not observed and the corporate structure is used as a mere façade, courts may disregard the corporate entity.
Alter Ego: If there is such a unity of interest and ownership between the corporation and its shareholders or members that the separate personalities of the corporation and the individuals no longer exist, courts may treat the corporation as the alter ego of its owners and hold them personally liable.
Group Enterprises: In some cases, where multiple corporations are closely related or form part of a single economic unit, courts may pierce the corporate veil to achieve equity, particularly if one corporation's actions harm creditors or other stakeholders and the corporate structure is being used to shield culpable parties from liability.
Sangyun Lee, 'Why Korea's Merger Control Occasionally Fails: A Public Choice ...Sangyun Lee
Presentation slides for a session held on June 4, 2024, at Kyoto University. This presentation is based on the presenter’s recent paper, coauthored with Hwang Lee, Professor, Korea University, with the same title, published in the Journal of Business Administration & Law, Volume 34, No. 2 (April 2024). The paper, written in Korean, is available at <https://shorturl.at/GCWcI>.