Drug delivery technology is a growing $50 billion market that is expected to see increased mergers and acquisitions activity. Drug delivery technologies help pharmaceutical companies respond to expiring patents and enable new drug formulations. Recent deals in the drug delivery sector include Philips acquiring Respironics and SpineOvation acquiring Discogen. We expect to see continued consolidation in the drug delivery field as companies combine technologies and services to achieve profitability and access new markets.
This document analyzes and dispels five common myths about the drug delivery industry. It argues that drug delivery has delivered many new products, the market is growing not declining, the business model can be sustainable, product line extensions using drug delivery approaches are effective strategies, and drug delivery companies offer diverse technologies, not just similar controlled release solutions. The drug delivery industry plays a key role in addressing challenges in pharma by developing improved treatment options.
Big Pharma is facing a crisis as many blockbuster drugs are going off-patent and the pipeline of new drugs is weak. R&D spending has doubled over the past decade but productivity has declined, with fewer new drugs approved despite higher costs. Alternative strategies such as mergers and acquisitions, in-licensing, and partnerships have had mixed results in addressing the pipeline problem. The document discusses challenges in drug development and strategies the pharmaceutical industry has used to boost R&D productivity.
- Luminex Corporation is a medical instruments and supplies company that develops and sells biological testing technologies. It has a small product line but uses its patented platform to develop customized products.
- The analyst recommends buying Luminex stock with a price target of $23.19. Luminex has high growth potential as a small cap company and has low debt levels for its industry. It also has a stable product line and cutting-edge technology.
- Luminex is partnering with government agencies in the US and abroad to develop new testing technologies, which could lead to increased revenues from government contracts if successful.
The pharmaceutical industry faces significant challenges adapting to changes in the global market. Growth rates have declined, markets have shifted to specialty drugs, and the blockbuster drug model is declining. To ensure future success, companies must develop new business models that focus on specialty drugs, leverage technology and the internet, resize sales forces, and pursue partnerships and acquisitions. Dramatic changes may be needed, including downsizing by over 50% and moving away from integrated business models, to adapt to more volatile and specialized markets. The future of the industry depends on creative strategies to profit from new opportunities while managing risks and costs.
Biomarkers are increasing the success rates of drug development and reducing costs by helping to identify failures earlier. They allow pharmaceutical companies to streamline clinical trials, make better decisions about drug candidates, and potentially develop personalized medicines to match patients with optimal treatments. While the initial costs of biomarker research and validation are high, biomarkers are expected to generate substantial savings over the long term through more efficient drug development and higher success rates.
Formulation Science
Main steps of formulating a Drug Product
The role of Formulation Science in different
stages of Drug Development
Trends and challenges in formulation
development
This document discusses various aspects of drug release and dissolution. It begins by defining the five types of dosage forms that can be characterized by in vitro release, including solid oral dosage forms. It then discusses key concepts like drug products, drug substances, drug release mechanisms for different release types (immediate, delayed, extended), and modified-release dosage forms. The document also provides the definitions and differences between dissolution-controlled systems, diffusion-controlled systems, and combined dissolution-diffusion systems. It introduces mathematical models for drug dissolution like the Noyes-Whitney equation and Hixson-Crowell cube root equation. Finally, it discusses factors that affect drug dissolution and release rates.
This document analyzes and dispels five common myths about the drug delivery industry. It argues that drug delivery has delivered many new products, the market is growing not declining, the business model can be sustainable, product line extensions using drug delivery approaches are effective strategies, and drug delivery companies offer diverse technologies, not just similar controlled release solutions. The drug delivery industry plays a key role in addressing challenges in pharma by developing improved treatment options.
Big Pharma is facing a crisis as many blockbuster drugs are going off-patent and the pipeline of new drugs is weak. R&D spending has doubled over the past decade but productivity has declined, with fewer new drugs approved despite higher costs. Alternative strategies such as mergers and acquisitions, in-licensing, and partnerships have had mixed results in addressing the pipeline problem. The document discusses challenges in drug development and strategies the pharmaceutical industry has used to boost R&D productivity.
- Luminex Corporation is a medical instruments and supplies company that develops and sells biological testing technologies. It has a small product line but uses its patented platform to develop customized products.
- The analyst recommends buying Luminex stock with a price target of $23.19. Luminex has high growth potential as a small cap company and has low debt levels for its industry. It also has a stable product line and cutting-edge technology.
- Luminex is partnering with government agencies in the US and abroad to develop new testing technologies, which could lead to increased revenues from government contracts if successful.
The pharmaceutical industry faces significant challenges adapting to changes in the global market. Growth rates have declined, markets have shifted to specialty drugs, and the blockbuster drug model is declining. To ensure future success, companies must develop new business models that focus on specialty drugs, leverage technology and the internet, resize sales forces, and pursue partnerships and acquisitions. Dramatic changes may be needed, including downsizing by over 50% and moving away from integrated business models, to adapt to more volatile and specialized markets. The future of the industry depends on creative strategies to profit from new opportunities while managing risks and costs.
Biomarkers are increasing the success rates of drug development and reducing costs by helping to identify failures earlier. They allow pharmaceutical companies to streamline clinical trials, make better decisions about drug candidates, and potentially develop personalized medicines to match patients with optimal treatments. While the initial costs of biomarker research and validation are high, biomarkers are expected to generate substantial savings over the long term through more efficient drug development and higher success rates.
Formulation Science
Main steps of formulating a Drug Product
The role of Formulation Science in different
stages of Drug Development
Trends and challenges in formulation
development
This document discusses various aspects of drug release and dissolution. It begins by defining the five types of dosage forms that can be characterized by in vitro release, including solid oral dosage forms. It then discusses key concepts like drug products, drug substances, drug release mechanisms for different release types (immediate, delayed, extended), and modified-release dosage forms. The document also provides the definitions and differences between dissolution-controlled systems, diffusion-controlled systems, and combined dissolution-diffusion systems. It introduces mathematical models for drug dissolution like the Noyes-Whitney equation and Hixson-Crowell cube root equation. Finally, it discusses factors that affect drug dissolution and release rates.
The document analyzes and dispels five common myths about the drug delivery industry. It argues that far from being a declining sector, drug delivery has delivered steady product approvals over the past decade and continues to be an important source of new products. It also contends that the drug delivery market is growing, drug delivery business models can be sustainable, product line extensions using drug delivery technologies are effective strategies, and drug delivery companies offer diverse technologies, not just similar controlled release solutions.
The document discusses marketing strategies used by pharmaceutical companies. It notes that companies are shifting from acute therapies to focusing more on chronic therapies that require long-term treatment. This allows companies to build more stable customer bases. The document also outlines some of the challenges companies face, such as increased competition, high costs of research and development, and complex decision-making processes involving doctors, patients, and other stakeholders. It discusses two common business models - the "super core model" involving a small number of highly successful chronic drugs, and the "core model" involving marketing a larger number of acute drugs.
The document discusses marketing strategies used by pharmaceutical companies. It notes that companies are shifting from acute therapies to focusing more on chronic therapies. This represents a long-term strategy change as chronic therapies require doctors to prescribe the same drugs for longer periods. The document also outlines some of the challenges pharmaceutical companies face in marketing to different customers in the supply chain from doctors to patients. It discusses strategies around patents, research and development, and pursuing either a "super core" model focused on a small number of chronic drugs or a "core" model marketing more acute drugs.
This document summarizes recent trends in medical technology dealmaking and mergers and acquisitions. There have been several large "megamergers" in the medical technology space over the past year, including Medtronic's acquisition of Covidien for $49.9 billion. Other areas of focus for deals have been startups developing minimally invasive technologies, drug delivery devices, and digital health technologies. However, venture capital investment in medical devices overall remains lackluster compared to biotechnology.
Lehman Brothers 2003 Global Heathcare Conferencefinance2
This document provides an overview of John Hammergren's presentation at the 2003 Lehman Brothers Global Healthcare Conference. Some key points:
1) McKesson is the largest healthcare services company in North America with three segments: Pharmaceutical Solutions, Medical-Surgical Solutions, and Information Solutions.
2) Pharmaceutical Solutions is experiencing revenue growth and expanding operating margins. Information Solutions is also growing revenues and expanding margins. Medical-Surgical Solutions is undergoing a turnaround.
3) McKesson aims to create long-term customer relationships through innovative solutions that improve quality and reduce costs across the healthcare system.
This document summarizes John Hammergren's presentation at the 2003 JP Morgan Healthcare Conference. The presentation highlights McKesson's business units and growth opportunities. McKesson has seen positive momentum in Pharmaceutical Solutions and Information Solutions through revenue growth and margin expansion. Medical-Surgical Solutions is undergoing a turnaround. McKesson is well-positioned for continued growth and margin expansion driven by favorable market factors such as an aging population and focus on higher quality and lower costs in healthcare.
This document analyzes the legal and moral aspects of product and process patenting in the pharmaceutical industry. It discusses how patents allow pharmaceutical companies to monopolize drugs, preventing competition from generic drugs. While patents incentivize innovation, they can also limit access to life-saving drugs in developing countries where people cannot afford high drug prices. The TRIPS agreement established universal patent standards but had both positive and negative impacts on innovation and access to healthcare globally.
Global Pharmaceutical Contract Manufacturing Resource Pack 2011Veronica Araujo
This document provides an overview of the global pharmaceutical contract manufacturing industry. It discusses key reasons why pharmaceutical companies outsource manufacturing, including lack of internal capacity, expertise, and the potential for cost savings. The most commonly outsourced areas of production are finished medicines. Emerging markets like India, China, and others offer lower costs and are attractive outsourcing destinations. However, outsourcing also presents challenges such as language/cultural barriers, meeting regulatory/quality requirements, and managing distant relationships. Overall, cost savings remain the top motivation for the 60% of pharmaceutical and biopharmaceutical manufacturing that is outsourced globally.
ICON is a contract research organization that provides outsourcing services to pharmaceutical, biotechnology, and medical device companies. ICON has expanded into foreign markets through acquisitions of AptivSolutions and Niphix, which position it for growth in Asia and Europe. ICON has also partnered with IBM to utilize IBM's Watson HealthCloud for data storage and analytics, giving ICON a competitive advantage over other CROs. ICON offers a full scope of clinical trial services, from drug development through FDA approval, attracting large pharmaceutical clients.
2003 Merrill Lynch Global Healthcare Conferencefinance2
This document summarizes John Hammergren's presentation on February 5, 2003 at the 2003 Merrill Lynch Global Healthcare Conference. The presentation discusses McKesson Corporation's market overview and strategy, business unit performance, focus on innovation, and key highlights. McKesson is the largest healthcare services company in North America, with $46 billion in annual revenues across pharmaceutical, medical-surgical, and information solutions. The presentation notes McKesson's continued revenue growth and margin expansion across business units, driven by favorable market factors of an aging population demanding higher quality care.
M&A deal values in the in vitro diagnostics sector surged in 2010 to $4.7 billion, driven by five factors including private equity returning to the sector and medical technology companies combining with diagnostics businesses. While the number of deals remained flat at around 45 deals, the market shares of top players are expected to reshuffle following mega-deals by Danaher and Thermo Fisher in 2011 that are projected to more than triple the total M&A value for the year. New market entrants will continue to reshape the competitive landscape through 2015 as historical leaders respond to avoid losing industry rank.
Pharmaceutical companies need to leverage technology more strategically in their marketing and communications. Technology is changing how providers and patients interact and receive information. It allows access to more data and provides opportunities to improve patient engagement, adherence, and ROI measurement. Pharma companies must capitalize on technology now to engage customers and measure impact, before competitors do. Technology presents opportunities but also challenges pharmaceutical marketers to change their sales and marketing approaches.
Biotech revolution changed the pharmaceutical industry, triggering a wave of risky collaborations between rivals. Based on the research findings, we answer the question why cooperation in the field of immuno-oncology is a better strategy for Pfizer and Merck KGaA, which aim to achieve competitive advantage quickly and with minimum effort. Combining their assets and core expertise companies realize benefits of greater size and variety in the conduct of research, development and commercializing of their new breakthrough therapy for cancer treatment.
This document discusses marketing strategies used by pharmaceutical companies. It begins by providing background on the pharmaceutical industry and market in India. It then discusses some of the challenges faced by pharmaceutical companies in their marketing processes. The rest of the document focuses on and compares two main marketing models - the super core model targeting chronic therapies using a pull system, and the core model targeting acute therapies using a push system. It provides details on how each model approaches marketing through medical representatives, customers, and supply chain management.
This document provides an overview of marketing strategies used by pharmaceutical companies in India. It begins with background on the large size of the global pharmaceutical industry and growth of the Indian pharmaceutical industry. The marketing challenges described include increased competition, lack of customer knowledge, and ineffective customer acquisition, development and retention strategies. The document then outlines two common business models - the super core model focusing on a small number of blockbuster drugs, and the core model marketing a larger number of drugs across therapeutic areas. The goals of the proposed research are to identify factors affecting competitiveness, investigate effective customer strategies, and provide alternative strategies to improve competitiveness.
Writekraft Research and Publications LLP was initially formed, informally, in 2006 by a group of scholars to help fellow students. Gradually, with several dissertations, thesis and assignments receiving acclaim and a good grade, Writekraft was officially founded in 2011 . Since its establishment, Writekraft Research & Publications LLP is Guiding and Mentoring PhD Scholars.
Writekraft Research and Publications LLP was initially formed, informally, in 2006 by a group of scholars to help fellow students. Gradually, with several dissertations, thesis and assignments receiving acclaim and a good grade, Writekraft was officially founded in 2011 . Since its establishment, Writekraft Research & Publications LLP is Guiding and Mentoring PhD Scholars.
Our Mission
“To provide breakthrough research works to our clients through Perseverant efforts towards creativity and innovation”.
Vision
Writekraft endeavours to be the leading global research and publications company that will fulfil all research needs of our clients. We will achieve this vision through:
• Analyzing every customer’s aims, objectives and purpose of research
• Using advanced and latest tools and technique of research and analysis
• Coordinating and including their own ideas and knowledge
• Providing the desired inferences and results of the research
In the past decade, we have successfully assisted students from various universities in India and globally. We at Writekraft Research & Publications LLP head office in Kanpur, India are most trusted and professional Research, Writing, Guidance and Publication Service Provider for PhD. Our services meet all your PhD Admissions, Thesis Preparation and Research Paper Publication needs with highest regards for the quality you prefer.
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The document analyzes and dispels five common myths about the drug delivery industry. It argues that far from being a declining sector, drug delivery has delivered steady product approvals over the past decade and continues to be an important source of new products. It also contends that the drug delivery market is growing, drug delivery business models can be sustainable, product line extensions using drug delivery technologies are effective strategies, and drug delivery companies offer diverse technologies, not just similar controlled release solutions.
The document discusses marketing strategies used by pharmaceutical companies. It notes that companies are shifting from acute therapies to focusing more on chronic therapies that require long-term treatment. This allows companies to build more stable customer bases. The document also outlines some of the challenges companies face, such as increased competition, high costs of research and development, and complex decision-making processes involving doctors, patients, and other stakeholders. It discusses two common business models - the "super core model" involving a small number of highly successful chronic drugs, and the "core model" involving marketing a larger number of acute drugs.
The document discusses marketing strategies used by pharmaceutical companies. It notes that companies are shifting from acute therapies to focusing more on chronic therapies. This represents a long-term strategy change as chronic therapies require doctors to prescribe the same drugs for longer periods. The document also outlines some of the challenges pharmaceutical companies face in marketing to different customers in the supply chain from doctors to patients. It discusses strategies around patents, research and development, and pursuing either a "super core" model focused on a small number of chronic drugs or a "core" model marketing more acute drugs.
This document summarizes recent trends in medical technology dealmaking and mergers and acquisitions. There have been several large "megamergers" in the medical technology space over the past year, including Medtronic's acquisition of Covidien for $49.9 billion. Other areas of focus for deals have been startups developing minimally invasive technologies, drug delivery devices, and digital health technologies. However, venture capital investment in medical devices overall remains lackluster compared to biotechnology.
Lehman Brothers 2003 Global Heathcare Conferencefinance2
This document provides an overview of John Hammergren's presentation at the 2003 Lehman Brothers Global Healthcare Conference. Some key points:
1) McKesson is the largest healthcare services company in North America with three segments: Pharmaceutical Solutions, Medical-Surgical Solutions, and Information Solutions.
2) Pharmaceutical Solutions is experiencing revenue growth and expanding operating margins. Information Solutions is also growing revenues and expanding margins. Medical-Surgical Solutions is undergoing a turnaround.
3) McKesson aims to create long-term customer relationships through innovative solutions that improve quality and reduce costs across the healthcare system.
This document summarizes John Hammergren's presentation at the 2003 JP Morgan Healthcare Conference. The presentation highlights McKesson's business units and growth opportunities. McKesson has seen positive momentum in Pharmaceutical Solutions and Information Solutions through revenue growth and margin expansion. Medical-Surgical Solutions is undergoing a turnaround. McKesson is well-positioned for continued growth and margin expansion driven by favorable market factors such as an aging population and focus on higher quality and lower costs in healthcare.
This document analyzes the legal and moral aspects of product and process patenting in the pharmaceutical industry. It discusses how patents allow pharmaceutical companies to monopolize drugs, preventing competition from generic drugs. While patents incentivize innovation, they can also limit access to life-saving drugs in developing countries where people cannot afford high drug prices. The TRIPS agreement established universal patent standards but had both positive and negative impacts on innovation and access to healthcare globally.
Global Pharmaceutical Contract Manufacturing Resource Pack 2011Veronica Araujo
This document provides an overview of the global pharmaceutical contract manufacturing industry. It discusses key reasons why pharmaceutical companies outsource manufacturing, including lack of internal capacity, expertise, and the potential for cost savings. The most commonly outsourced areas of production are finished medicines. Emerging markets like India, China, and others offer lower costs and are attractive outsourcing destinations. However, outsourcing also presents challenges such as language/cultural barriers, meeting regulatory/quality requirements, and managing distant relationships. Overall, cost savings remain the top motivation for the 60% of pharmaceutical and biopharmaceutical manufacturing that is outsourced globally.
ICON is a contract research organization that provides outsourcing services to pharmaceutical, biotechnology, and medical device companies. ICON has expanded into foreign markets through acquisitions of AptivSolutions and Niphix, which position it for growth in Asia and Europe. ICON has also partnered with IBM to utilize IBM's Watson HealthCloud for data storage and analytics, giving ICON a competitive advantage over other CROs. ICON offers a full scope of clinical trial services, from drug development through FDA approval, attracting large pharmaceutical clients.
2003 Merrill Lynch Global Healthcare Conferencefinance2
This document summarizes John Hammergren's presentation on February 5, 2003 at the 2003 Merrill Lynch Global Healthcare Conference. The presentation discusses McKesson Corporation's market overview and strategy, business unit performance, focus on innovation, and key highlights. McKesson is the largest healthcare services company in North America, with $46 billion in annual revenues across pharmaceutical, medical-surgical, and information solutions. The presentation notes McKesson's continued revenue growth and margin expansion across business units, driven by favorable market factors of an aging population demanding higher quality care.
M&A deal values in the in vitro diagnostics sector surged in 2010 to $4.7 billion, driven by five factors including private equity returning to the sector and medical technology companies combining with diagnostics businesses. While the number of deals remained flat at around 45 deals, the market shares of top players are expected to reshuffle following mega-deals by Danaher and Thermo Fisher in 2011 that are projected to more than triple the total M&A value for the year. New market entrants will continue to reshape the competitive landscape through 2015 as historical leaders respond to avoid losing industry rank.
Pharmaceutical companies need to leverage technology more strategically in their marketing and communications. Technology is changing how providers and patients interact and receive information. It allows access to more data and provides opportunities to improve patient engagement, adherence, and ROI measurement. Pharma companies must capitalize on technology now to engage customers and measure impact, before competitors do. Technology presents opportunities but also challenges pharmaceutical marketers to change their sales and marketing approaches.
Biotech revolution changed the pharmaceutical industry, triggering a wave of risky collaborations between rivals. Based on the research findings, we answer the question why cooperation in the field of immuno-oncology is a better strategy for Pfizer and Merck KGaA, which aim to achieve competitive advantage quickly and with minimum effort. Combining their assets and core expertise companies realize benefits of greater size and variety in the conduct of research, development and commercializing of their new breakthrough therapy for cancer treatment.
This document discusses marketing strategies used by pharmaceutical companies. It begins by providing background on the pharmaceutical industry and market in India. It then discusses some of the challenges faced by pharmaceutical companies in their marketing processes. The rest of the document focuses on and compares two main marketing models - the super core model targeting chronic therapies using a pull system, and the core model targeting acute therapies using a push system. It provides details on how each model approaches marketing through medical representatives, customers, and supply chain management.
This document provides an overview of marketing strategies used by pharmaceutical companies in India. It begins with background on the large size of the global pharmaceutical industry and growth of the Indian pharmaceutical industry. The marketing challenges described include increased competition, lack of customer knowledge, and ineffective customer acquisition, development and retention strategies. The document then outlines two common business models - the super core model focusing on a small number of blockbuster drugs, and the core model marketing a larger number of drugs across therapeutic areas. The goals of the proposed research are to identify factors affecting competitiveness, investigate effective customer strategies, and provide alternative strategies to improve competitiveness.
Writekraft Research and Publications LLP was initially formed, informally, in 2006 by a group of scholars to help fellow students. Gradually, with several dissertations, thesis and assignments receiving acclaim and a good grade, Writekraft was officially founded in 2011 . Since its establishment, Writekraft Research & Publications LLP is Guiding and Mentoring PhD Scholars.
Writekraft Research and Publications LLP was initially formed, informally, in 2006 by a group of scholars to help fellow students. Gradually, with several dissertations, thesis and assignments receiving acclaim and a good grade, Writekraft was officially founded in 2011 . Since its establishment, Writekraft Research & Publications LLP is Guiding and Mentoring PhD Scholars.
Our Mission
“To provide breakthrough research works to our clients through Perseverant efforts towards creativity and innovation”.
Vision
Writekraft endeavours to be the leading global research and publications company that will fulfil all research needs of our clients. We will achieve this vision through:
• Analyzing every customer’s aims, objectives and purpose of research
• Using advanced and latest tools and technique of research and analysis
• Coordinating and including their own ideas and knowledge
• Providing the desired inferences and results of the research
In the past decade, we have successfully assisted students from various universities in India and globally. We at Writekraft Research & Publications LLP head office in Kanpur, India are most trusted and professional Research, Writing, Guidance and Publication Service Provider for PhD. Our services meet all your PhD Admissions, Thesis Preparation and Research Paper Publication needs with highest regards for the quality you prefer.
Similar to Chemistry Today Ddt Pannelay Jan2009 (20)
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Discover the Beauty and Functionality of The Expert Remodeling Serviceobriengroupinc04
Unlock your kitchen's true potential with expert remodeling services from O'Brien Group Inc. Transform your space into a functional, modern, and luxurious haven with their experienced professionals. From layout reconfiguration to high-end upgrades, they deliver stunning results tailored to your style and needs. Visit obriengroupinc.com to elevate your kitchen's beauty and functionality today.
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Adani Group's Active Interest In Increasing Its Presence in the Cement Manufa...Adani case
Time and again, the business group has taken up new business ventures, each of which has allowed it to expand its horizons further and reach new heights. Even amidst the Adani CBI Investigation, the firm has always focused on improving its cement business.
AI Transformation Playbook: Thinking AI-First for Your BusinessArijit Dutta
I dive into how businesses can stay competitive by integrating AI into their core processes. From identifying the right approach to building collaborative teams and recognizing common pitfalls, this guide has got you covered. AI transformation is a journey, and this playbook is here to help you navigate it successfully.
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Unlocking WhatsApp Marketing with HubSpot: Integrating Messaging into Your Ma...Niswey
50 million companies worldwide leverage WhatsApp as a key marketing channel. You may have considered adding it to your marketing mix, or probably already driving impressive conversions with WhatsApp.
But wait. What happens when you fully integrate your WhatsApp campaigns with HubSpot?
That's exactly what we explored in this session.
We take a look at everything that you need to know in order to deploy effective WhatsApp marketing strategies, and integrate it with your buyer journey in HubSpot. From technical requirements to innovative campaign strategies, to advanced campaign reporting - we discuss all that and more, to leverage WhatsApp for maximum impact. Check out more details about the event here https://events.hubspot.com/events/details/hubspot-new-delhi-presents-unlocking-whatsapp-marketing-with-hubspot-integrating-messaging-into-your-marketing-strategy/
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L'indice de performance des ports à conteneurs de l'année 2023SPATPortToamasina
Une évaluation comparable de la performance basée sur le temps d'escale des navires
L'objectif de l'ICPP est d'identifier les domaines d'amélioration qui peuvent en fin de compte bénéficier à toutes les parties concernées, des compagnies maritimes aux gouvernements nationaux en passant par les consommateurs. Il est conçu pour servir de point de référence aux principaux acteurs de l'économie mondiale, notamment les autorités et les opérateurs portuaires, les gouvernements nationaux, les organisations supranationales, les agences de développement, les divers intérêts maritimes et d'autres acteurs publics et privés du commerce, de la logistique et des services de la chaîne d'approvisionnement.
Le développement de l'ICPP repose sur le temps total passé par les porte-conteneurs dans les ports, de la manière expliquée dans les sections suivantes du rapport, et comme dans les itérations précédentes de l'ICPP. Cette quatrième itération utilise des données pour l'année civile complète 2023. Elle poursuit le changement introduit l'année dernière en n'incluant que les ports qui ont eu un minimum de 24 escales valides au cours de la période de 12 mois de l'étude. Le nombre de ports inclus dans l'ICPP 2023 est de 405.
Comme dans les éditions précédentes de l'ICPP, la production du classement fait appel à deux approches méthodologiques différentes : une approche administrative, ou technique, une méthodologie pragmatique reflétant les connaissances et le jugement des experts ; et une approche statistique, utilisant l'analyse factorielle (AF), ou plus précisément la factorisation matricielle. L'utilisation de ces deux approches vise à garantir que le classement des performances des ports à conteneurs reflète le plus fidèlement possible les performances réelles des ports, tout en étant statistiquement robuste.
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The Steadfast and Reliable Bull: Taurus Zodiac Signmy Pandit
Explore the steadfast and reliable nature of the Taurus Zodiac Sign. Discover the personality traits, key dates, and horoscope insights that define the determined and practical Taurus, and learn how their grounded nature makes them the anchor of the zodiac.
1. Drug delivery
Annie Jullien
Pannelay
ANNIE JULLIEN PANNELAY
Drug delivery technology
Mergers and acquisitions activity
expected to increase
ABSTRACT formulations will help drug companies respond to nearly
$80 billion in lost value for drugs with expiring patents
The drug delivery technology segment has grown in value during the next few years (3, 4). Secondly because drug
from $15 billion in 2000 to $ 50 billion in 2008 to become delivery technologies can transform markets: using a more
a key area in the pharmaceutical industry; start-ups as well reliable and more comfortable way of administration can
as big players are involved. The market is growing quickly, have a great impact on the market size and sales. For
but despite an increasing number of strategic alliances, the example, the use of opioids for pain management has seen
pure M&A activity remained below 100 transactions for 2007 a tremendous increase thanks to the development of reliable
and 2008. We expect M&A activity to grow since drug delivery transdermal drug delivery technologies. From seldom used
companies are a key growth driver for the pharmaceutical hospital drugs, opioid transdermal formulations are now
industry: Drug delivery technology is an answer to nearly $80 widely used and could get out of the hospitals thanks to this
billion in lost value for drugs with expiring patents during the innovation. In addition, the cost is not any higher using
next few years and it is an innovation enabler as well. M&A transdermal drug delivery technologies. Lastly, and this is
transactions are the marriage of niche technologies, complementary where drug delivery is a real driver to innovation, new drug
to each other, and they are intended to achieve profitability delivery technologies can enable administration of compounds
through a more effective technology offer. Thanks to good that do not have an acceptable pharmacokinetic profile.
access to venture capital funding, and the birth of new drug Molecules that do not meet solubility or permeability criteria,
delivery players after spin-offs from pharmaceutical companies, but have a promising activity and a good safety profile, can
we expect to see in the medium term a consolidation trend be developed and eventually marketed thanks to drug delivery
and an increased number of transactions. The M&A activity technologies. Reaching an acceptable pharmacokinetic
is expected also benefit from crisis-driven consideration to be profile can be achieved with drug delivery solutions. This is
active, in number of transactions if not in transaction size. where drug delivery technologies add the most value in
terms of filling unmet medical needs (See note on dissolvable
The drug delivery technology bio-needles, a segment which makes possible – and easier
global market grew from $15 than using inject able formulations – the use of therapeutic
billion in 2000 to $ 40 billion proteins).
in 2006 (1) (i.e. CAGR of
approximately 18 percent
vs. about 10 percent for the RECENT TRANSACTIONS IN DRUG DELIVERY
overall pharmaceutical TECHNOLOGY
market). Drug delivery is an
active segment today, we The number of drug delivery licensing, co-development,
estimate its size to reach $ manufacturing and M&A deals experienced a clear increase
50 billion in 2008 (2). The over the last few years, growing from just above 200 per year
term “Drug Delivery in 2001 and 2002 to 336 in 2007 (5). If we focus only on
Technology” refers to the M&A transactions, we see a strong growth from 20 deals in
construct of the drug as well 2003 to almost 100 deals in 2007 and a slow down in 2008
Number of M&A transactions in drug delivery technologies. as its method of administration. due to the global economic situation. However, it is sometimes
Drug delivery companies difficult to assess how big the “drug delivery” part of a deal
develop either their own drug delivery technology, to be sold is, as the technology is often combined with a drug under
via licensing to specialty pharmaceutical companies, or invest development. As for the amounts involved in the transactions,
in new drug development together with the drug delivery technology they are mostly below $100 million, and often not disclosed,
that makes the administration of this new drug possible. since they concern mostly privately held companies.
Over the past twelve months, several notable transactions
WHY ARE DRUG DELIVERY TECHNOLOGIES involving drug delivery technology took place:
IMPORTANT? In December 2007, Philips Electronics N.V. (NYSE:PHG)
acquired Respironics for $5.1 billion in an all cash deal.
The drug delivery segment is a key function within the Respironics was focused on providing solutions for sleep and
pharmaceutical industry. Firstly because it is a great life cycle respiratory markets, including respiratory drug delivery
management tool: the marketing departments of big instruments. The acquisition of Respironics diversified Philips’
pharmaceutical companies first realized that drug delivery portfolio of healthcare solutions towards a bigger offer in
technologies were a way to rescue compounds facing patent home healthcare, and an expected enhanced growth.
expirations and generic competition. New drug delivery SpineOvations (San Diego, CA) acquired Discogen late 2007.
8 chimica oggi • Chemistry Today • vol 27 n 1 / January-February 2009
2. RECENT INNOVATION DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS: LIFE CYCLE MANAGEMENT
IN DRUG DELIVERY TOOLS
Drug delivery
Theraject: Dissolvable bio needles J&J’s Risperdal Depot®: allows market entry
Theraject is a California based early stage drug delivery company to new players?
which focuses on developing pain-free, minimally invasive drug Risperdal (Risperidone) is the reference treatment for the treatment of
delivery systems enabling administration of large molecule drugs. Schizophrenia and bipolar disorders. Risperdal® generated about
The drug or vaccine is mixed with the base material in the right 2Bn sales in the US in 2007. Recently, Risperidone generics hit the
proportion, and this mixture is used to mould micro needle arrays, market. Now the patents are in the public domain, other companies
which are then incorporated in an adhesive patch. These micro needles can develop new formulations, and that is what Oakwood Laboratories
create channels through the stratum corneum, allowing the drug to plans to do, using their micro sphere in-house technology: They will
reach the viable epidermis, but the micro needles do not reach the develop a new depot injectable formulation, allowing one administration
capillaries or the nerve cells. The micro needle array dissolves into every month, instead of daily, enhancing patient compliance. This kind
the interstitial fluid that bathes the viable epidermis, thereby delivering of strategy allows smaller players to enter big markets. However, J&J’s
the drug or vaccine. The TheraJectMAT permits needle less, pain-free Janssen has planned for it in advance, and its new depot formulation,
application of large and small drug molecules or vaccines in a broad though being only a ‘two weeks’ vs. ‘one month’ for Oakwood, it is
range of doses. already marketed.
SpineOvation is a developer of biocompatible injectables for also strengthened its portfolio by recent alliances, such as the
spinal disc and other orthopaedic applications. Discogen’s deal with ProMetics. In addition, CPEX Pharmaceuticals
technology provides a method for intradiscal drug delivery, (NASDAQ:CPEX) was created as a spin off from Bentley
which could enhance treatment for patients suffering from Pharmaceuticals. Bentley was a publicly traded specialty
early stage degenerative disc disease. This intradiscal drug pharmaceutical company with two distinct businesses: Its
delivery method is a complement to SpineOvations’ technology. emerging drug delivery business and its established generic
The financial terms of the transactions were not disclosed. pharmaceutical manufacturing and distribution business. Tea
Inovio Biomedical Corporation (AMEX:INO), a developer of (NASDAQ:TEVA), the biggest generic company, while acquiring
electroporation-based DNA vaccine delivery technology, and Bentley in June 2008, did not wish to retain Bentley’s drug
VGX Pharmaceuticals announced in July 2008 an all stock delivery activity. The drug delivery arm, CPEX Pharmaceutical
merger. VGX specializes in development of DNA vaccines. was therefore created, and spun off. CPEX Pharmaceuticals’
Inovio’s electroporation-based DNA delivery technology performance did not disappoint, with its shares gaining almost
increases gene expression and immune responses from DNA 20 percent in two months. These transactions lead to larger,
vaccines. The newly formed company jointly develops a new sometimes multi-service companies. Pure drug delivery
generation of vaccines based on its DNA vaccines, delivered technology players, in order to survive if they do not develop
by the electroporation delivery device initially developed by new chemical entities and introduce new product themselves
Inovio. These new DNA vaccines will be much more differentiated, have to offer a strong range of services. That is why mergers
and hopefully their time to market will be reduced. and acquisitions make sense to them, enabling them to sell
In April 2008, Abraxis BioScience, acquired Shimoda Biotech more services for a higher price and to reach the global
and its subsidiary, Platco., located in Plettenberg Bay, South biopharmaceutical market. Technology companies have
Africa, for $15 million upfront plus potential additional payment historically a better access to funding in North America than
upon achievement of milestones. Abraxis develops albumin- in Europe, and drug delivery companies are no exception.
bound formulations of anticancer drugs. Shimoda owns The number of new companies, the diversity of technologies
cyclodextrin based formulation, and develops targeted delivery developed is higher on this side of the Atlantic Ocean. Hence
technologies, based on viral components. The alliance broadens looking for mergers partners in the US and Canada makes
Abraxis’ drug delivery strategies. Abraxis, whose only marketed sense for European emerging companies. Those who venture
product, Abraxane® is currently tested for broader indications in this kind of project are expected to find venture capital
funds happy to cooperate, exit their investments and give their
PURE PLAYERS IN DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS ex-portfolio companies the chances of success they deserve.
RECEIVE VC FUNDING
Cross border transactions for emerging companies in drug
Alimera Siences, initially a reseller of over-the-counter eye
delivery will be a decisive step to the global market. Over the
drugs has now partnered with the nanotechnology company
next two to five years, we expect to see an increased number
Psivida to produce its drug-device combo Medidur. Psivida
of transactions in the drug delivery segment. Niche players
has developed the only two FDA approved sustained release
consolidate to offer a broader or more efficient range of
back of the eye treatments for chronic eye disease – Vitrasert®
solutions in their therapeutic areas. Well funded new companies
and Retisert®. (Both products are marketed and sold by Bausch
develop new technologies in drug delivery. For the pure players,
& Lomb) Medidur consists of a tiny structure designed for
implantation in the back of the eye, where it can emit small
the licensing business model is more viable with a broader
quantities of a corticosteroid in order to control a blinding
offer. Strategic alliances will still be in larger numbers, but we
condition called diabetic macular oedema. Alimera Sciences, forecast an increased number of M&A transactions.
raised $30 million in a Series C round in August this year.
Phase Rx specializes in RNAi strategies. RNA interference REFERENCES AND NOTES
(RNAi) is a mechanism that inhibits gene expression, and it 1. Leading Drug Delivery Companies and Technologies: Competitive
is exploited to develop strategies against cancers and viral landscape, company profiles and technological developments, Business
infections. PhaseRx is trying to create a more effective way to Insights , June 1, 2008.
deliver siRNA, using a synthetic polymer, and creating an 2. Etradex Estimates.
3. Fuji Kenzai report.
inject able drug that enters the bloodstream with limited side
4. See “Janssen and Risperdal Depot”.
effects. PhaseRx raised $19 million in January 2008. 5. Drug Delivery Report, from PharmaVentures.
TyRx is focused on implantable surgical pouches that are
infused with antibiotics and other drugs. Its products are
intended to prevent infection after implantation of devices ANNIE JULLIEN PANNELAY
through surgery. Its current products include pouches for
implanted defibrillators: AIGISrx™ CRMD is constructed of
Etradex Corp.
knitted filaments of polypropylene coated with a proprietary
161W, 54th street
resorbable polymer that elutes the antimicrobial agents for a
New York, NY10019, USA
minimum of seven days to reduce the risk of infections. TyRx
Pharma, raised $25 million in February 2008.
chimica oggi • Chemistry Today • vol 27 n 1 / January-February 2009 9