SlideShare a Scribd company logo
RTL-SDR &
Software-Defined
Radios
About Me
@tcollen
tony@halogenlabs.com
I'm a radio nerd.
N0RUA
1/5/2013 / ZD7FT / St. Helena Island (6,866 mi)
2/23/2014 / RX0AK / Asiatic Russia / 5,460 mi
Public Service
Cool experiments
It's all around us!
It's all around us!
• AM/FM audio broadcast
It's all around us!
• AM/FM audio broadcast
• TV broadcast
It's all around us!
• AM/FM audio broadcast
• TV broadcast
• Cell phones, wifi
It's all around us!
• AM/FM audio broadcast
• TV broadcast
• Cell phones, wifi
• Bluetooth, etc.
It's all around us!
• AM/FM audio broadcast
• TV broadcast
• Cell phones, wifi
• Bluetooth, etc.
• But...
How does it work??
Components
Components
transducer
Components
transducer
Components
transducer
Components
transducer
Components
transducer
Oh yeah, the antenna
goes here.
Components
transducer
Electromagnetic Radiation aka!
~~~ Radio Waves ~~~
Direction of travel
Wavelength
Wavelength
Wavelength
Wavelength
Frequency
Hertz = Hz = Cycles per second
Time!
(sec)
1 2 3
Time!
(sec)
1 2 3
f = 1 Hz
Time!
(sec)
1 2 3
f = ~ 4 Hz
Time!
(sec)
1 2 3
Higher Frequency = Shorter Wavelength
A little math...
(I'M REALLY SORRY)
velocity
frequency
λ =
velocity
λ
frequency =
the speed of light
(c)
frequency (Hz)
λ (m) =
300,000,000 m/sec
f(Hz)
λ (m) =
λ (m) = 300,000,000
89,300,000
λ (m) = 300,000,000
89,300,000
300
89.3
λ (m) = 300,000,000
89,300,000
300
89.3
3.35 m
~11 ft
300
89.3
3.35 m
300
2400
.125 m
~11 ft ~ 4.9 in
300
89.3
3.35 m
300
14.2
21.1 m
300
2400
.125 m
~11 ft~69 ft ~ 4.9 in
Enough of that..
3 kHz - 300 GHz
Radio spectrum
λ = 100 km - 1 mm
Radio spectrum
AM Broadcast!
~ 530 - 1700 kHz
= 1170 kHz bandwidth
FM Broadcast!
87.5 - 108 MHz
= 20.5 MHz bandwidth
Wi-Fi/etc!
2.4 - 2.5 GHz
= 100 MHz bandwidth
Modulation
= encoding
information
in a signal
beeeeeep beep beeeeeep
K
beeeeeep beep beeeeeep
AM
FM
Propagation
Line of Sight
Groundwave
Skywave
Ionosphere
60 - 500 km altitude
Ionosphere
Day
"D" Layer
Ionosphere
Day
"E" Layer
Ionosphere
Day
"F1" Layer
Ionosphere
Day
"F2" Layer
Ionosphere
Day
Ionosphere
Day
Ionosphere
F Layer
E Layer
Night
F Layer
E Layer
F Layer
E Layer
F Layer
E Layer
Maximum Usable Frequency (MUF)
F Layer
E Layer
skip distance
Auroral
Meteor Scatter
What's out
there?
WTF's out there?
HF/Shortwave
WTF's out there?
HF/Shortwave
• Broadcasters (AM / Shortwave)
WTF's out there?
HF/Shortwave
• Broadcasters (AM / Shortwave)
• Hams
WTF's out there?
HF/Shortwave
• Broadcasters (AM / Shortwave)
• Hams
• Gov't Agencies (US or otherwise)
WTF's out there?
HF/Shortwave
• Broadcasters (AM / Shortwave)
• Hams
• Gov't Agencies (US or otherwise)
• WEFAX, other data & telemetry
WTF's out there?
HF/Shortwave
• Broadcasters (AM / Shortwave)
• Hams
• Gov't Agencies (US or otherwise)
• WEFAX, other data & telemetry
• "Numbers stations"
WTF's out there?
HF/Shortwave
• Broadcasters (AM / Shortwave)
• Hams
• Gov't Agencies (US or otherwise)
• WEFAX, other data & telemetry
• "Numbers stations"
• Pirates
WTF's out there?
HF/Shortwave
• Broadcasters (AM / Shortwave)
• Hams
• Gov't Agencies (US or otherwise)
• WEFAX, other data & telemetry
• "Numbers stations"
• Pirates
• Lots more!
WTF's out there?
VHF/UHF & beyond
WTF's out there?
VHF/UHF & beyond
• FM Broadcast
WTF's out there?
VHF/UHF & beyond
• FM Broadcast
• Hams
WTF's out there?
VHF/UHF & beyond
• FM Broadcast
• Hams
• Fire/Police/EMC/Mall Cops
WTF's out there?
VHF/UHF & beyond
• FM Broadcast
• Hams
• Fire/Police/EMC/Mall Cops
• Airport/ATC/ADS-B
WTF's out there?
VHF/UHF & beyond
• FM Broadcast
• Hams
• Fire/Police/EMC/Mall Cops
• Airport/ATC/ADS-B
• Pagers & other text (Taxi Dispatch)
WTF's out there?
VHF/UHF & beyond
• FM Broadcast
• Hams
• Fire/Police/EMC/Mall Cops
• Airport/ATC/ADS-B
• Pagers & other text (Taxi Dispatch)
• Baby monitors
WTF's out there?
VHF/UHF & beyond
• FM Broadcast
• Hams
• Fire/Police/EMC/Mall Cops
• Airport/ATC/ADS-B
• Pagers & other text (Taxi Dispatch)
• Baby monitors
• FUN stuff in the 433 MHz band (unlicensed)
Software-
Defined
Radios
RTL-SDR
So what?
So what?
• Hobby
So what?
• Hobby
• Experimentation
So what?
• Hobby
• Experimentation
• Public Service
So what?
• Hobby
• Experimentation
• Public Service
• Cool Gear ;)
Actual stuff you can do
Detecting the galactic plane with an SDR
rtl-sdr.com
Let's listen 
to some radio!

More Related Content

Viewers also liked

Software defined radio
Software defined radioSoftware defined radio
Software defined radio
Devesh Samaiya
 
Hardware Accelerated Software Defined Radio
Hardware Accelerated Software Defined Radio Hardware Accelerated Software Defined Radio
Hardware Accelerated Software Defined Radio
Tarik Kazaz
 
Tesis Maestria - Poster
Tesis Maestria - PosterTesis Maestria - Poster
Tesis Maestria - Poster
Bruno Espinoza
 
Rtl sdr software defined radio
Rtl sdr   software defined radioRtl sdr   software defined radio
Rtl sdr software defined radio
Eueung Mulyana
 
Sdr the future of radio
Sdr the future of radioSdr the future of radio
Sdr the future of radio
JauwadSyed
 
Makalah digital audio broadcasting modifikasi
Makalah digital audio broadcasting modifikasiMakalah digital audio broadcasting modifikasi
Makalah digital audio broadcasting modifikasi
Dekika
 
Final Design Report_REVFINAL
Final Design Report_REVFINALFinal Design Report_REVFINAL
Final Design Report_REVFINAL
Jacob Ramey
 
SDR for radar 090623
SDR for radar 090623SDR for radar 090623
SDR for radar 090623
Bertalan EGED
 
Introduction to Software Defined Radio (SDR) on Linux
Introduction to Software Defined Radio (SDR) on LinuxIntroduction to Software Defined Radio (SDR) on Linux
Introduction to Software Defined Radio (SDR) on Linux
Pamela O'Shea
 
Software Defined Radio
Software Defined RadioSoftware Defined Radio
Software Defined Radio
veerababu penugonda(Mr-IoT)
 
Sdr
SdrSdr
Software defined radio
Software defined radioSoftware defined radio
Software defined radio
Rahul Sidhu
 
Software Defined Radio (SDR)
Software Defined Radio (SDR)Software Defined Radio (SDR)
Software Defined Radio (SDR)
Drew Fustini
 
Software defined radio
Software defined radioSoftware defined radio
Software defined radio
Sandesh Poovaiah
 
SDR101-presentation-distro
SDR101-presentation-distroSDR101-presentation-distro
SDR101-presentation-distro
Mike Saunders
 

Viewers also liked (15)

Software defined radio
Software defined radioSoftware defined radio
Software defined radio
 
Hardware Accelerated Software Defined Radio
Hardware Accelerated Software Defined Radio Hardware Accelerated Software Defined Radio
Hardware Accelerated Software Defined Radio
 
Tesis Maestria - Poster
Tesis Maestria - PosterTesis Maestria - Poster
Tesis Maestria - Poster
 
Rtl sdr software defined radio
Rtl sdr   software defined radioRtl sdr   software defined radio
Rtl sdr software defined radio
 
Sdr the future of radio
Sdr the future of radioSdr the future of radio
Sdr the future of radio
 
Makalah digital audio broadcasting modifikasi
Makalah digital audio broadcasting modifikasiMakalah digital audio broadcasting modifikasi
Makalah digital audio broadcasting modifikasi
 
Final Design Report_REVFINAL
Final Design Report_REVFINALFinal Design Report_REVFINAL
Final Design Report_REVFINAL
 
SDR for radar 090623
SDR for radar 090623SDR for radar 090623
SDR for radar 090623
 
Introduction to Software Defined Radio (SDR) on Linux
Introduction to Software Defined Radio (SDR) on LinuxIntroduction to Software Defined Radio (SDR) on Linux
Introduction to Software Defined Radio (SDR) on Linux
 
Software Defined Radio
Software Defined RadioSoftware Defined Radio
Software Defined Radio
 
Sdr
SdrSdr
Sdr
 
Software defined radio
Software defined radioSoftware defined radio
Software defined radio
 
Software Defined Radio (SDR)
Software Defined Radio (SDR)Software Defined Radio (SDR)
Software Defined Radio (SDR)
 
Software defined radio
Software defined radioSoftware defined radio
Software defined radio
 
SDR101-presentation-distro
SDR101-presentation-distroSDR101-presentation-distro
SDR101-presentation-distro
 

Recently uploaded

GNSS spoofing via SDR (Criptored Talks 2024)
GNSS spoofing via SDR (Criptored Talks 2024)GNSS spoofing via SDR (Criptored Talks 2024)
GNSS spoofing via SDR (Criptored Talks 2024)
Javier Junquera
 
5th LF Energy Power Grid Model Meet-up Slides
5th LF Energy Power Grid Model Meet-up Slides5th LF Energy Power Grid Model Meet-up Slides
5th LF Energy Power Grid Model Meet-up Slides
DanBrown980551
 
What is an RPA CoE? Session 1 – CoE Vision
What is an RPA CoE?  Session 1 – CoE VisionWhat is an RPA CoE?  Session 1 – CoE Vision
What is an RPA CoE? Session 1 – CoE Vision
DianaGray10
 
Leveraging the Graph for Clinical Trials and Standards
Leveraging the Graph for Clinical Trials and StandardsLeveraging the Graph for Clinical Trials and Standards
Leveraging the Graph for Clinical Trials and Standards
Neo4j
 
Digital Banking in the Cloud: How Citizens Bank Unlocked Their Mainframe
Digital Banking in the Cloud: How Citizens Bank Unlocked Their MainframeDigital Banking in the Cloud: How Citizens Bank Unlocked Their Mainframe
Digital Banking in the Cloud: How Citizens Bank Unlocked Their Mainframe
Precisely
 
Main news related to the CCS TSI 2023 (2023/1695)
Main news related to the CCS TSI 2023 (2023/1695)Main news related to the CCS TSI 2023 (2023/1695)
Main news related to the CCS TSI 2023 (2023/1695)
Jakub Marek
 
HCL Notes and Domino License Cost Reduction in the World of DLAU
HCL Notes and Domino License Cost Reduction in the World of DLAUHCL Notes and Domino License Cost Reduction in the World of DLAU
HCL Notes and Domino License Cost Reduction in the World of DLAU
panagenda
 
Skybuffer SAM4U tool for SAP license adoption
Skybuffer SAM4U tool for SAP license adoptionSkybuffer SAM4U tool for SAP license adoption
Skybuffer SAM4U tool for SAP license adoption
Tatiana Kojar
 
Driving Business Innovation: Latest Generative AI Advancements & Success Story
Driving Business Innovation: Latest Generative AI Advancements & Success StoryDriving Business Innovation: Latest Generative AI Advancements & Success Story
Driving Business Innovation: Latest Generative AI Advancements & Success Story
Safe Software
 
Principle of conventional tomography-Bibash Shahi ppt..pptx
Principle of conventional tomography-Bibash Shahi ppt..pptxPrinciple of conventional tomography-Bibash Shahi ppt..pptx
Principle of conventional tomography-Bibash Shahi ppt..pptx
BibashShahi
 
Freshworks Rethinks NoSQL for Rapid Scaling & Cost-Efficiency
Freshworks Rethinks NoSQL for Rapid Scaling & Cost-EfficiencyFreshworks Rethinks NoSQL for Rapid Scaling & Cost-Efficiency
Freshworks Rethinks NoSQL for Rapid Scaling & Cost-Efficiency
ScyllaDB
 
AppSec PNW: Android and iOS Application Security with MobSF
AppSec PNW: Android and iOS Application Security with MobSFAppSec PNW: Android and iOS Application Security with MobSF
AppSec PNW: Android and iOS Application Security with MobSF
Ajin Abraham
 
Harnessing the Power of NLP and Knowledge Graphs for Opioid Research
Harnessing the Power of NLP and Knowledge Graphs for Opioid ResearchHarnessing the Power of NLP and Knowledge Graphs for Opioid Research
Harnessing the Power of NLP and Knowledge Graphs for Opioid Research
Neo4j
 
“How Axelera AI Uses Digital Compute-in-memory to Deliver Fast and Energy-eff...
“How Axelera AI Uses Digital Compute-in-memory to Deliver Fast and Energy-eff...“How Axelera AI Uses Digital Compute-in-memory to Deliver Fast and Energy-eff...
“How Axelera AI Uses Digital Compute-in-memory to Deliver Fast and Energy-eff...
Edge AI and Vision Alliance
 
zkStudyClub - LatticeFold: A Lattice-based Folding Scheme and its Application...
zkStudyClub - LatticeFold: A Lattice-based Folding Scheme and its Application...zkStudyClub - LatticeFold: A Lattice-based Folding Scheme and its Application...
zkStudyClub - LatticeFold: A Lattice-based Folding Scheme and its Application...
Alex Pruden
 
JavaLand 2024: Application Development Green Masterplan
JavaLand 2024: Application Development Green MasterplanJavaLand 2024: Application Development Green Masterplan
JavaLand 2024: Application Development Green Masterplan
Miro Wengner
 
Choosing The Best AWS Service For Your Website + API.pptx
Choosing The Best AWS Service For Your Website + API.pptxChoosing The Best AWS Service For Your Website + API.pptx
Choosing The Best AWS Service For Your Website + API.pptx
Brandon Minnick, MBA
 
HCL Notes und Domino Lizenzkostenreduzierung in der Welt von DLAU
HCL Notes und Domino Lizenzkostenreduzierung in der Welt von DLAUHCL Notes und Domino Lizenzkostenreduzierung in der Welt von DLAU
HCL Notes und Domino Lizenzkostenreduzierung in der Welt von DLAU
panagenda
 
Introduction of Cybersecurity with OSS at Code Europe 2024
Introduction of Cybersecurity with OSS  at Code Europe 2024Introduction of Cybersecurity with OSS  at Code Europe 2024
Introduction of Cybersecurity with OSS at Code Europe 2024
Hiroshi SHIBATA
 
Biomedical Knowledge Graphs for Data Scientists and Bioinformaticians
Biomedical Knowledge Graphs for Data Scientists and BioinformaticiansBiomedical Knowledge Graphs for Data Scientists and Bioinformaticians
Biomedical Knowledge Graphs for Data Scientists and Bioinformaticians
Neo4j
 

Recently uploaded (20)

GNSS spoofing via SDR (Criptored Talks 2024)
GNSS spoofing via SDR (Criptored Talks 2024)GNSS spoofing via SDR (Criptored Talks 2024)
GNSS spoofing via SDR (Criptored Talks 2024)
 
5th LF Energy Power Grid Model Meet-up Slides
5th LF Energy Power Grid Model Meet-up Slides5th LF Energy Power Grid Model Meet-up Slides
5th LF Energy Power Grid Model Meet-up Slides
 
What is an RPA CoE? Session 1 – CoE Vision
What is an RPA CoE?  Session 1 – CoE VisionWhat is an RPA CoE?  Session 1 – CoE Vision
What is an RPA CoE? Session 1 – CoE Vision
 
Leveraging the Graph for Clinical Trials and Standards
Leveraging the Graph for Clinical Trials and StandardsLeveraging the Graph for Clinical Trials and Standards
Leveraging the Graph for Clinical Trials and Standards
 
Digital Banking in the Cloud: How Citizens Bank Unlocked Their Mainframe
Digital Banking in the Cloud: How Citizens Bank Unlocked Their MainframeDigital Banking in the Cloud: How Citizens Bank Unlocked Their Mainframe
Digital Banking in the Cloud: How Citizens Bank Unlocked Their Mainframe
 
Main news related to the CCS TSI 2023 (2023/1695)
Main news related to the CCS TSI 2023 (2023/1695)Main news related to the CCS TSI 2023 (2023/1695)
Main news related to the CCS TSI 2023 (2023/1695)
 
HCL Notes and Domino License Cost Reduction in the World of DLAU
HCL Notes and Domino License Cost Reduction in the World of DLAUHCL Notes and Domino License Cost Reduction in the World of DLAU
HCL Notes and Domino License Cost Reduction in the World of DLAU
 
Skybuffer SAM4U tool for SAP license adoption
Skybuffer SAM4U tool for SAP license adoptionSkybuffer SAM4U tool for SAP license adoption
Skybuffer SAM4U tool for SAP license adoption
 
Driving Business Innovation: Latest Generative AI Advancements & Success Story
Driving Business Innovation: Latest Generative AI Advancements & Success StoryDriving Business Innovation: Latest Generative AI Advancements & Success Story
Driving Business Innovation: Latest Generative AI Advancements & Success Story
 
Principle of conventional tomography-Bibash Shahi ppt..pptx
Principle of conventional tomography-Bibash Shahi ppt..pptxPrinciple of conventional tomography-Bibash Shahi ppt..pptx
Principle of conventional tomography-Bibash Shahi ppt..pptx
 
Freshworks Rethinks NoSQL for Rapid Scaling & Cost-Efficiency
Freshworks Rethinks NoSQL for Rapid Scaling & Cost-EfficiencyFreshworks Rethinks NoSQL for Rapid Scaling & Cost-Efficiency
Freshworks Rethinks NoSQL for Rapid Scaling & Cost-Efficiency
 
AppSec PNW: Android and iOS Application Security with MobSF
AppSec PNW: Android and iOS Application Security with MobSFAppSec PNW: Android and iOS Application Security with MobSF
AppSec PNW: Android and iOS Application Security with MobSF
 
Harnessing the Power of NLP and Knowledge Graphs for Opioid Research
Harnessing the Power of NLP and Knowledge Graphs for Opioid ResearchHarnessing the Power of NLP and Knowledge Graphs for Opioid Research
Harnessing the Power of NLP and Knowledge Graphs for Opioid Research
 
“How Axelera AI Uses Digital Compute-in-memory to Deliver Fast and Energy-eff...
“How Axelera AI Uses Digital Compute-in-memory to Deliver Fast and Energy-eff...“How Axelera AI Uses Digital Compute-in-memory to Deliver Fast and Energy-eff...
“How Axelera AI Uses Digital Compute-in-memory to Deliver Fast and Energy-eff...
 
zkStudyClub - LatticeFold: A Lattice-based Folding Scheme and its Application...
zkStudyClub - LatticeFold: A Lattice-based Folding Scheme and its Application...zkStudyClub - LatticeFold: A Lattice-based Folding Scheme and its Application...
zkStudyClub - LatticeFold: A Lattice-based Folding Scheme and its Application...
 
JavaLand 2024: Application Development Green Masterplan
JavaLand 2024: Application Development Green MasterplanJavaLand 2024: Application Development Green Masterplan
JavaLand 2024: Application Development Green Masterplan
 
Choosing The Best AWS Service For Your Website + API.pptx
Choosing The Best AWS Service For Your Website + API.pptxChoosing The Best AWS Service For Your Website + API.pptx
Choosing The Best AWS Service For Your Website + API.pptx
 
HCL Notes und Domino Lizenzkostenreduzierung in der Welt von DLAU
HCL Notes und Domino Lizenzkostenreduzierung in der Welt von DLAUHCL Notes und Domino Lizenzkostenreduzierung in der Welt von DLAU
HCL Notes und Domino Lizenzkostenreduzierung in der Welt von DLAU
 
Introduction of Cybersecurity with OSS at Code Europe 2024
Introduction of Cybersecurity with OSS  at Code Europe 2024Introduction of Cybersecurity with OSS  at Code Europe 2024
Introduction of Cybersecurity with OSS at Code Europe 2024
 
Biomedical Knowledge Graphs for Data Scientists and Bioinformaticians
Biomedical Knowledge Graphs for Data Scientists and BioinformaticiansBiomedical Knowledge Graphs for Data Scientists and Bioinformaticians
Biomedical Knowledge Graphs for Data Scientists and Bioinformaticians
 

Chasing Waterfalls: Exploring the airwaves with RTL-SDR