2. 2
According to a 2013 study, what percentage of adults in Tanzania
generate an income from farming activities?
1. 58.8%
2. 62.8%
3. 78.8%
4. 82.8%
5. Why are you asking me
questions? I only came for the
free food.
3. According to a 2013 study, what percentage of adults in Tanzania generate
an income from farming activities?
0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
1 2 3 4 5 3
1. 58.8%
2. 62.8%
3. 78.8%
4. 82.8%
5. Why are you asking me
questions? I only came for the
free food.
4. 4
CGAP Focus
A holistic approach to understanding the wide
array of financial services needs of underserved
smallholder families who are not only
agricultural producers but also consumers with
diverse sources of income.
5. According to a 2008 Zambian study of smallholder farmers (less than
3 hectares), the percentage of household revenue from agriculture
is…
5
1. 23.7%
2. 48.2%
3. 68.5%
4. 84.9%
5. This is just not a question that
interests me.
6. According to a 2008 Zambian study of smallholder farmers (less than 3
hectares), the percentage of household revenue from agriculture is…
0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
1 2 3 4 5 6
1. 23.7%
2. 48.2%
3. 68.5%
4. 84.9%
5. This is just not a question that
interest me.
7. 7
Understanding Demand
“Income diversification is an important risk management
strategy that many smallholder farmers pursue and find
indispensable for risk management.” (AgFiMS Tanzania 2011).
Only 23.7%
of total
household
income from
ag production
8. 8
Understanding Demand: Key Hypothesis
“Emerging from poverty”
for smallholder families
should be measured not
only by increased income
from agricultural
production but also by
diversification of income
streams.
9. 9
The percentage of smallholder farmers in Mali who
consider themselves “trapped” is. . . (Dalberg)
1. 15%
2. 25%
3. 35%
4. 45%
5. Please stop bothering me – I’m
checking e-mail.
10. The percentage of smallholder farmers in Mali who consider
themselves “trapped” is. . . (Dalberg)
0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
1 2 3 4 5 10
1. 15%
2. 25%
3. 35%
4. 45%
5. Please stop bothering me
– I’m checking e-mail.
11. 11
Understanding Demand
“The needs and preferences of smallholder farmers are not
monolithic – there can be large difference in the same country
among similarly situated smallholders.” (Dalberg, “Listening to
the Farmer Voice” 2011).
28-37% would welcome an alternative
12. 12
Understanding Demand: Key Hypothesis
The best investment
strategy smallholder
farmers can pursue is to
invest in other livelihoods
or in new skills for their
children, as opposed to
increase agricultural
production.
(Collier, 2012)
13. 13
Understanding Demand: Key Hypothesis
Digital financial services are
currently too expensive and
insufficiently tailored to provide
value to smallholder families.
14. CGAP Workplan: Establishing Demand-Side Evidence Base
14
Qualitative Diaries Quantitative Surveys
90 families per country:
30 one harvest
30 more than one harvest
30 noncommercial
T1
Financial
Instruments
Usage/Mobile
Channel
T2
Life History/
Aspirations
T3
Agricultural/
Livelihood
Planning
Tanzania
Mozambique
Pakistan
Country 4
Country 5
Country X
Nationally
representative
sample size (1000+)
One-Time Survey
15. 15
CGAP Workplan:
Supporting Supply through Crowdsourcing Innovation
16. 16
CGAP Workplan:
Supporting Supply through Research on the use of MFS for
Smallholder Families
G2P: Nigerian Growth Enhancement Support
(GES) Program for Fertilizer Subsidy
Payments: Contract Farming in Ghana
17. 17
CGAP Workplan:
Supporting Supply through Applied Product Innovation
Savings vehicles do not always result in availability of funds (or
usage of such funds even if available) for purposes of buying inputs
for the following production cycle. (Duflo, Kremer, Robinson 2011 –
Western Kenya.)
18. 18
CGAP Advisory Committee for
Financial Innovation for Smallholder Families
