The document discusses the structure of the present factual conditional and present unreal conditional in English grammar. The present factual conditional uses the present simple in the if-clause and will/won't or be going to in the result clause. Modals like may, might, or can are used when the result is uncertain. The present unreal conditional uses the past tense form would in the result clause to indicate the result is hypothetical since the condition did not actually occur in the present. It can also use modals to indicate possibility rather than certainty. The past unreal conditional refers to something that was unreal or did not happen in the past. It uses the past perfect tense in the if-clause and

1. Thepresent factual conditional Thestructure for thepresent factual conditional is: If + presentsimple ( ifclause) + will/ begoing to (resultclause) Youcanalsoyouthemodalsmay / might / orcanwhentheresult is notcertain (possibility).

2. Thepresent factual conditional presentsimple won´t Ifyoupack a fewessentials in yourcarry-onyouwon´thave to worryaboutyourluggage. So, to formthepresent factual conditionalwe use thepresentsimplein theifclauseandwill / won´t in theresultclause.

3. Wecanalso use begoing to ormay / might / can ( possibilities) in theresultclause. presentsimple be + going to Ifyouchecktheluggagelimits, you´regoingto avoidthe extra charges.

4. Whenyou´renot 100% sureabouttheresultyoucan work withthemodalsmay / might / can. presentsimple possibility Ifyoutake a cabyoumay / might / canmake it on time to theairport.

5. Thepresentunrealconditional simplepastwould Iftheyflew more often, theywouldn´t besoairsick. Iftheyflew more often, theymightnotbesoairsick. In this case I´m usingif + simplepastbecausethe reality is thattheydon´t flyveryoftenandtheresulthas to bestructurizedwithwould + base formandifit´s a possibilitywithmayormight.

6. Thepastunrealconditional Thenamespeaks for itselfwiththisstructure. Thepastunrealcondionalrefers to somethingthat is unreal in thepastin otherswords it didn´t happen in thepastandtheresultmostofthe time is a regret in thepresent. pastperfect + would + have + participle ( pres. perfect ) If I (hadapplied) for a visa, I ( wouldn´t havehad) hassleswiththeimmigration). I didn´t apply for a visa, therefore I hadhassleswiththeimmigration.