Public lecture - Stem Cell and Male InfertilitySandro Esteves
Reproductive Andrology Workshop III
17-21 January 2016 - Kuwait City - KUWAIT
Organized by: Al Jahra Reproductive Medicine Unit - Ministry of Health
Public Lecture - Stem Cell and Male Infertility
Clinical management of men with nonobstructive azoospermia - Sperm Retrieval ...Sandro Esteves
Reproductive Andrology Workshop III
17-21 January 2016 - Kuwait City - KUWAIT
Organized by: Al Jahra Reproductive Medicine Unit - Ministry of Health
Lecture 4: Sperm Retrieval Methods in Nonobstructive Azoospermia
Clinical management of men with nonobstructive azoospermia - Chances of Harve...Sandro Esteves
Reproductive Andrology Workshop III
17-21 January 2016 - Kuwait City - KUWAIT
Organized by: Al Jahra Reproductive Medicine Unit - Ministry of Health
Lecture 2: Chances of Harvesting Sperm in Nonobstructive Azoospermia
The kSORT assay to detect renal transplant patients at risk for acute rejecti...Kevin Jaglinski
Development of noninvasive molecular assays to improve disease diagnosis and patient monitoring is a critical need. In renal transplantation, acute rejection (AR) increases the risk for chronic graft injury and failure. Noninvasive diagnostic assays to improve current late and nonspecific diagnosis of rejection are needed. We sought to develop a test using a simple blood gene expression assay to detect patients at high risk for AR.
Bladder Cancer Diagnostic-Initial Team ProjectSagar Desai
A mini-project to find biomarkers for bladder cancer diagnosis. We narrowed down our list of viable candidates down to three that could be used in combination to provide sensitivity and specificity values greater than 94%. Furthermore, we calculated long-term monitoring and payor costs as well as potential profit.
Public lecture - Stem Cell and Male InfertilitySandro Esteves
Reproductive Andrology Workshop III
17-21 January 2016 - Kuwait City - KUWAIT
Organized by: Al Jahra Reproductive Medicine Unit - Ministry of Health
Public Lecture - Stem Cell and Male Infertility
Clinical management of men with nonobstructive azoospermia - Sperm Retrieval ...Sandro Esteves
Reproductive Andrology Workshop III
17-21 January 2016 - Kuwait City - KUWAIT
Organized by: Al Jahra Reproductive Medicine Unit - Ministry of Health
Lecture 4: Sperm Retrieval Methods in Nonobstructive Azoospermia
Clinical management of men with nonobstructive azoospermia - Chances of Harve...Sandro Esteves
Reproductive Andrology Workshop III
17-21 January 2016 - Kuwait City - KUWAIT
Organized by: Al Jahra Reproductive Medicine Unit - Ministry of Health
Lecture 2: Chances of Harvesting Sperm in Nonobstructive Azoospermia
The kSORT assay to detect renal transplant patients at risk for acute rejecti...Kevin Jaglinski
Development of noninvasive molecular assays to improve disease diagnosis and patient monitoring is a critical need. In renal transplantation, acute rejection (AR) increases the risk for chronic graft injury and failure. Noninvasive diagnostic assays to improve current late and nonspecific diagnosis of rejection are needed. We sought to develop a test using a simple blood gene expression assay to detect patients at high risk for AR.
Bladder Cancer Diagnostic-Initial Team ProjectSagar Desai
A mini-project to find biomarkers for bladder cancer diagnosis. We narrowed down our list of viable candidates down to three that could be used in combination to provide sensitivity and specificity values greater than 94%. Furthermore, we calculated long-term monitoring and payor costs as well as potential profit.
Liquid biopsy is a test that examines deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and other molecules in a patient's blood to detect cancer. Liquid biopsy plays a key role in early cancer detection by providing a non-invasive method for detecting the presence of cancer cells in the body.
Agenda: To understand the following:
• Trends and key market developments
• Common methodologies employed in liquid biopsy analysis
• Overview of emerging clinical applications and the testing landscape
• Adoption scenario and key investments
• Conclusion and future outlook
The team of expert analysts from the healthcare vertical at BIS Research has been studying the role of liquid biopsy in early cancer detection and its impact on the overall healthcare industry, publishing several studies around the same.
This is a part of the first study done on BK virus among renal transplant recipients in Sri Lanka, presented at the Annual Scientific Sessions of Sri Lanka Medical Association, 2016
Organ-i World Transplant Congress Soild Organ Rejection Test (k-SORT)Kevin Jaglinski
SORT
Solid Organ Rejection Test is a gene based biomarker panel that evaluates the gene expression profile of RNA isolated from peripheral blood leukocytes. SORT is intended for diagnosis and subsequent monitoring of renal transplant recipients who have a high probability of early cellular or humoral acute rejection at the time of testing. SORT should be utilized in conjunction with standard clinical assessment.
The renal transplant community is heavily reliant on serum creatinine levels as a trigger to diagnose acute rejection. However, serum creatinine is a late indicator of renal injury and exhibits high variability and high false positivity. These inadequacies lead to delayed diagnosis and irreversible renal damage.
As such, we developed the World’s first predictive test of acute rejection. This solid organ rejection test (SORT) accurately detects acute rejection 4 months prior to biopsy or other signs of clinical graft dysfunction.
SORT is intended to be utilized in conjunction with standard clinical assessment.
In the US for 0.5 Million patients with Renal Failure, transplant is the treatment of choice, but due to a critical shortage of organs, there are 85,000 patients on the waitlist of 2.5 years. Only 21,000 receive kidney transplants annually. This costs Medicare $6.3 Billion. The absence of accurate, non-invasive monitoring tests is an unmet need reflected in the high attrition rates. Organ-I is commercializing, ‘SORT’ (Solid Organ Rejection Test) first predictive, accurate, non-invasive test available to patients, averting the need for unnecessary biopsies and saving upwards of $750M.
Antibiotic-pathogen-biomarker screening by PCR must have SACIvan Brukner
For HAI (Hospital Aquired Infections) and biomarker-screening by PCR, sample adequacy control (SAC) is ``must``. Without SAC turn arround time from screening to result might be even 2 weeks...! Keep that ion mind when baying new molecular screening platfrom.
20160918 - F. Prefumo - Ecografia, screening biochimico, NIPT e diagnosi pren...Roberto Scarafia
Dipartimento di Ostetricia e Ginecologia
Università di Brescia / A.O. Spedali Civili di Brescia
Integrating NT+biochemistry and cffDNA
First-trimester contingent screening for trisomy 21 by biomarkers and maternal blood cell-free DNA testing
Nicolaides et al., UOG 2013
First-line screening by cfDNA testing alone in a population of 100000 pregnancies, including 294 with trisomy 21
Rapidly changing scenario
Relative role of “traditional” screening, NIPT and invasive testing defined on the basis of:
Accuracy
Risk
Cost
Accessibility
New technologies need to be adapt to clinical necessities
Sheet1Sleep with No SMSleep withusing social media Paticipants 18.docxbjohn46
Sheet1Sleep with No S/MSleep withusing social media Paticipants 185276376486.559768.5777.55.581079761086.511871286137614971565Mean7.86666666676.2333333333
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Three-Dimensional Print of a Liver for
Preoperative Planning in Living
Donor Liver Transplantation
Nizar N. Zein,1 Ibrahim A. Hanouneh,1 Paul D. Bishop,2 Maggie Samaan,1 Bijan Eghtesad,3
Cristiano Quintini,3 Charles Miller,3 Lisa Yerian,4 and Ryan Klatte5
1Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Digestive Disease Institute, 2Department of Vascular
Surgery, Heart and Vascular Institute, 3Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary and Transplant Surgery,
Digestive Disease Institute, 4Department of Anatomic Pathology, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
Institute, and 5Medical Device
Solution
s, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
The growing demand for liver transplantation and the concomitant scarcity of cadaveric livers have increased the need for
living donor liver transplantation (LDLT). Ensuring the safety of donors and recipients is critical. The preoperative identifica-
tion of the vascular and biliary tract anatomy with 3-dimensional (3D) printing may allow better preoperative surgical plan-
ning, avert unnecessary surgery in patients with potentially unsuitable anatomy, and thereby decrease the complications of
liver transplant surgery. We developed a protocol and successfully 3D-printed synthetic livers (along with their complex net-
works of vascular and biliary structures) replicating the native livers of 6 patients: 3 living donors and 3 respective recipients
who underwent LDLT. To our knowledge, these are the first complete 3D-printed livers. Using standardized preoperative,
intraoperative, and postoperative assessments, we demonstrated identical anatomical and geometrical landmarks in the
3D-printed models and native livers. Liver Transpl 19:1304-1310, 2013. VC 2013 AASLD.
Received July 22, 2013; accepted July 26, 2013.
Three-dimensional (3D) printing is a process for mak-
ing a solid 3D object of virtually any shape from a dig-
ital model. A 3D printer works as an ordinary office
printer, but instead of placing a single layer of ink on
paper, the machine lays down successive thin layers
of a material to form a 3D object that replicates the
original one.1
The growing demand for liver transplantation and
the concomitant shortage of cadaveric livers have led
to a rise in living donor liver transplantation (LDLT),
in which resection of the right or left liver lobe is per-
formed for the purpose of liver transplantation.2 Liv-
ing donors are healthy individuals, so ensuring their
safety is of paramount importance. There have been a
number of reported donor deaths worldwide and a
substantial number of donor morbidities, so there is a
need for measures to optimize donor safety.3 Many of
these morbidities are attributable to incomplete pre-
operative anatomical characterization of vascular and
biliary structures and inaccurate estima.
Journal of the Formosan Medical Association (2011) 110, 695e70.docxcroysierkathey
Journal of the Formosan Medical Association (2011) 110, 695e700
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com
journal homepage: www.jfma-online.com
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
A multivariable logistic regression equation to
evaluate prostate cancer
Jhih-Cheng Wang a, Steven K. Huan a, Jinn-Rung Kuo b, Chin-Li Lu c,
Hung Lin a, Kun-Hung Shen a,*
a Division of Urology, Departments of Surgery, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
b Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
c Department of Medical Research, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
Received 29 January 2010; received in revised form 14 May 2010; accepted 9 August 2010
KEYWORDS
Logistic regression;
men’s health;
probability;
prostate cancer;
risk factor;
score
* Corresponding author. Division of U
Taiwan 710.
E-mail address: [email protected]
0929-6646/$ - see front matter Copyr
doi:10.1016/j.jfma.2011.09.005
Background/Purpose: A possible means of decreasing prostate cancer mortality is through
improved early detection. We attempted to create an equation to predict the likelihood of
having prostate cancer.
Methods: Between January 2005 and May 2008, patients who received prostate biopsies were
retrospective evaluated. The relationship between the possibility of prostate cancer and the
following variables were evaluated: age; serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) level, prostate
volume, numbers of prostatic biopsies, digital rectal examination (DRE) findings, and the pres-
ence of hypoechoic nodule under transrectal ultrasonography.
Results: A multivariate regression model was created to predict the possibility of having pros-
tate cancer, and a receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn based on the
predictive scoring equation. Using a predictive equation, P Z 1/(1 � e�x), where X Z
�4.88, þ 1.11 (if DRE positive), þ 0.75 (if hypoechoic nodule of prostate present), þ 1.27
(when 7 < PSA � 10), þ 2.02 (when 10 < PSA � 24), þ 2.28 (when 24 < PSA � 50), þ 3.93 (when
50 < PSA), þ 1.23 (when 65 < age � 75), þ 1.66 (when 75 < age), followed by ROC curve
analysis, we showed that the sensitivity was 88.5% and specificity was 79.1% in predicting
the possibility of prostate cancer.
Conclusion: Clinicians can tailor each patient’s follow-up according to the nomogram based on
this equation to increase the efficacy of evaluating for prostate cancer.
Copyright ª 2011, Elsevier Taiwan LLC & Formosan Medical Association. All rights reserved.
rology, Department of Surgery, Chi-Mei Medical Center, 901 Chung Hwa Road, Yung Kang City, Tainan,
il.com (K.-H. Shen).
ight ª 2011, Elsevier Taiwan LLC & Formosan Medical Association. All rights reserved.
mailto:[email protected]
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfma.2011.09.005
www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/09296646
http://www.jfma-online.com
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfma.2011.09.005
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfma.2011.09.005
696 J.-C. Wang et al.
Prostate cancer is the most common solid malignancy ...
Background: Resectability Criteria for Colorectal Liver Metastases (CRLM) have expanded, and advances in liver surgery have increased the number of patients eligible for resection. Identifying risk factors for early recurrence to help stratify CRLM patients will contribute to targeted management of these patients, including surveillance follow-up.Objectives: To identify risk factors for early recurrence post-resection for CRLM in a contemporary cohort of patients. Early recurrence was defi ned based on unit protocol as evidence of recurrent disease on follow-up imaging within one year of surgery.Methods: From January 2012 to December 2016, 133 patients with CRLM underwent liver resection in our Unit; 115 patients followed up for at least a year were eligible. We analysed pre-operative variables (sex, age, BMI, comorbidities, CEA and Liver function tests (LFTs), lesion number, size of largest liver lesion, neoadjuvant chemotherapy), operative variables (anatomical vs non-anatomical, major vs minor, redo liver surgery, concomitant use of ablation techniques, blood loss, blood transfusions, Pringle’s manoeuvre), and post-operative variables (complications, length of hospital stay, histological parameters) were analysed.
Richard's aventures in two entangled wonderlandsRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
Deep Behavioral Phenotyping in Systems Neuroscience for Functional Atlasing a...Ana Luísa Pinho
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) provides means to characterize brain activations in response to behavior. However, cognitive neuroscience has been limited to group-level effects referring to the performance of specific tasks. To obtain the functional profile of elementary cognitive mechanisms, the combination of brain responses to many tasks is required. Yet, to date, both structural atlases and parcellation-based activations do not fully account for cognitive function and still present several limitations. Further, they do not adapt overall to individual characteristics. In this talk, I will give an account of deep-behavioral phenotyping strategies, namely data-driven methods in large task-fMRI datasets, to optimize functional brain-data collection and improve inference of effects-of-interest related to mental processes. Key to this approach is the employment of fast multi-functional paradigms rich on features that can be well parametrized and, consequently, facilitate the creation of psycho-physiological constructs to be modelled with imaging data. Particular emphasis will be given to music stimuli when studying high-order cognitive mechanisms, due to their ecological nature and quality to enable complex behavior compounded by discrete entities. I will also discuss how deep-behavioral phenotyping and individualized models applied to neuroimaging data can better account for the subject-specific organization of domain-general cognitive systems in the human brain. Finally, the accumulation of functional brain signatures brings the possibility to clarify relationships among tasks and create a univocal link between brain systems and mental functions through: (1) the development of ontologies proposing an organization of cognitive processes; and (2) brain-network taxonomies describing functional specialization. To this end, tools to improve commensurability in cognitive science are necessary, such as public repositories, ontology-based platforms and automated meta-analysis tools. I will thus discuss some brain-atlasing resources currently under development, and their applicability in cognitive as well as clinical neuroscience.
Cancer cell metabolism: special Reference to Lactate PathwayAADYARAJPANDEY1
Normal Cell Metabolism:
Cellular respiration describes the series of steps that cells use to break down sugar and other chemicals to get the energy we need to function.
Energy is stored in the bonds of glucose and when glucose is broken down, much of that energy is released.
Cell utilize energy in the form of ATP.
The first step of respiration is called glycolysis. In a series of steps, glycolysis breaks glucose into two smaller molecules - a chemical called pyruvate. A small amount of ATP is formed during this process.
Most healthy cells continue the breakdown in a second process, called the Kreb's cycle. The Kreb's cycle allows cells to “burn” the pyruvates made in glycolysis to get more ATP.
The last step in the breakdown of glucose is called oxidative phosphorylation (Ox-Phos).
It takes place in specialized cell structures called mitochondria. This process produces a large amount of ATP. Importantly, cells need oxygen to complete oxidative phosphorylation.
If a cell completes only glycolysis, only 2 molecules of ATP are made per glucose. However, if the cell completes the entire respiration process (glycolysis - Kreb's - oxidative phosphorylation), about 36 molecules of ATP are created, giving it much more energy to use.
IN CANCER CELL:
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
introduction to WARBERG PHENOMENA:
WARBURG EFFECT Usually, cancer cells are highly glycolytic (glucose addiction) and take up more glucose than do normal cells from outside.
Otto Heinrich Warburg (; 8 October 1883 – 1 August 1970) In 1931 was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology for his "discovery of the nature and mode of action of the respiratory enzyme.
WARNBURG EFFECT : cancer cells under aerobic (well-oxygenated) conditions to metabolize glucose to lactate (aerobic glycolysis) is known as the Warburg effect. Warburg made the observation that tumor slices consume glucose and secrete lactate at a higher rate than normal tissues.
This pdf is about the Schizophrenia.
For more details visit on YouTube; @SELF-EXPLANATORY;
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCAiarMZDNhe1A3Rnpr_WkzA/videos
Thanks...!
Seminar of U.V. Spectroscopy by SAMIR PANDASAMIR PANDA
Spectroscopy is a branch of science dealing the study of interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy refers to absorption spectroscopy or reflect spectroscopy in the UV-VIS spectral region.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy is an analytical method that can measure the amount of light received by the analyte.
Comparing Evolved Extractive Text Summary Scores of Bidirectional Encoder Rep...University of Maribor
Slides from:
11th International Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering (IcETRAN), Niš, 3-6 June 2024
Track: Artificial Intelligence
https://www.etran.rs/2024/en/home-english/
(May 29th, 2024) Advancements in Intravital Microscopy- Insights for Preclini...Scintica Instrumentation
Intravital microscopy (IVM) is a powerful tool utilized to study cellular behavior over time and space in vivo. Much of our understanding of cell biology has been accomplished using various in vitro and ex vivo methods; however, these studies do not necessarily reflect the natural dynamics of biological processes. Unlike traditional cell culture or fixed tissue imaging, IVM allows for the ultra-fast high-resolution imaging of cellular processes over time and space and were studied in its natural environment. Real-time visualization of biological processes in the context of an intact organism helps maintain physiological relevance and provide insights into the progression of disease, response to treatments or developmental processes.
In this webinar we give an overview of advanced applications of the IVM system in preclinical research. IVIM technology is a provider of all-in-one intravital microscopy systems and solutions optimized for in vivo imaging of live animal models at sub-micron resolution. The system’s unique features and user-friendly software enables researchers to probe fast dynamic biological processes such as immune cell tracking, cell-cell interaction as well as vascularization and tumor metastasis with exceptional detail. This webinar will also give an overview of IVM being utilized in drug development, offering a view into the intricate interaction between drugs/nanoparticles and tissues in vivo and allows for the evaluation of therapeutic intervention in a variety of tissues and organs. This interdisciplinary collaboration continues to drive the advancements of novel therapeutic strategies.
Investigating the Correlation between cfDNA and Transplant Rejection/Injury
1. Inves&ga&ng the Correla&on between Cell Free DNA and Transplant Rejec&on/Injury
Roel Marania1, 2, Juliane Liberto2, Tara Sigdel2, Minnie Sarwal2
1. Abraham Lincoln High School
2. Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco
The Kidney is an organ that filters waste and maintains
chemical balances within the body. When the organ does not
perform these roles effectively, a solution is to undergo organ
transplant. After a patient has gone through kidney transplant
(Figure 1), they are at risk for organ rejection as the transplant
organ from the donor is considered as a foreign object by the
recipient’s immune system. In addition, organ can fail by non-
immune causes such as viral infection and drug toxicity.
Currently, the best method for early detection of transplant
rejection is through invasive tissue biopsy(1). The pathological
evaluations of tissue biopsy are not optimal. An optimal and
non-invasive method of transplant rejection of transplanted
kidney is an unmet need. In this project, we aimed to discover
a non-invasive urine assay to assess whether a patient is at
the risk of rejection and needs to be sent for a biopsy for
further evaluation or if the patient is free of such a risk and do
not need a biopsy evaluation.
Cell free DNA (cfDNA) is circulating DNA found in the blood
(2), and urine. cfDNA enters these fluids through cell death
and apoptosis, and could be an indicator of graft rejection or
injury. We hypothesized that cfDNA in the urine can be
quantified and there is a relationship between high copy
numbers of cfDNA and acute rejection/graft injury.
Investigating the correlation between rejection cases and
cfDNA can enable physicians to effectively detect early stages
of organ rejection to help prolong the age of the transplanted
organ.
References
1. Sigdel, Tara K., Matthew J. Vitalone, Tim Q. Tran, Hong Dai, Szu-chuan Hsieh, Oscar Salvatierra, and
Minnie M. Sarwal. "A Rapid Noninvasive Assay for the Detection of Renal Transplant
Injury." Transplantation. U.S. National Library of Medicine, 2013. Web. 25 July 2016.
2. Bryzgunova, O. E., and P. P. Laktionov. "Extracellular Nucleic Acids in Urine: Sources, Structure,
Diagnostic Potential." Acta Naturae. A.I. Gordeyev, 2015. Web. 25 July 2016.
Ø We used urine samples collected from kidney transplant patients.
(n=74)
Ø Samples were centrifuged and supernatant was frozen at -20ºC until
ready for extraction.
Ø cfDNA was extracted with the QiAamp Circulating Nucleic Acid Kit
(Qiagen Cat No. 55114)
Ø Copy numbers were quantified using Quant Studio™ 3D Digital PCR
(Lifetech Cat No. 4481097)
Ø cfDNA was quantified using primers specific to a region on Chr1.
Ø Urine Creatinine was measured with the Quantichrom Creatinine Assay
Kit (Cat No. DICt-500)
Ø Optical Density was read on SpectraMax M Series PLUS-384, at OD
510.
Ø Data was normalized using the equation:
Our results conclude that there is a clear relationship between
high copy numbers of cfDNA and transplant rejection. This
indicates that cfDNA can act as a substitute biomarker for
transplant rejection and injury. This could facilitate physicians
to send patients for biopsy evaluation or not, because biopsy
is still the “gold standard” for transplant rejection detection.
This assay can also be applied to other organs such as the
heart, because cfDNA is found in the bloodstream as well as
plasma.
The study will have to be expanded to more urine samples as
well as including longitudinal samples to make the study more
robust and reliable. We believe that, once validated, this
assay can be used for clinical monitoring (Figure 3).
Introduc&on
Figure 2. Increased cfDNA in the AR and transplant injury urine. Mean
urinary Chr1 cfDNA in AR (8852.7 ±20484.8) was significantly greater
compared with no AR-Normal (135.1 ±335.6) or those with other injuries
(1526.8 ±2818.3).
Materials & Methods
Results
Copy number of cfDNA in the urine of AR patients was significantly higher
AR (8852.7±20484.8 copy/mg/urine creat.) than those without rejection
or injury (135.1 ±335.6 copy/mg/urine creat.) (p =0.003). cfDNA in the
urine collected from patients with no-AR but with other form of injury was
also significantly higher (1526.8 ±2818.3 copy/mg/urine creat.) compared
to non-AR with no injury (135.1 ±335.6 copy/mg/urine creat.) (p =0.003)
(Figure 2).
Conclusions
Future Directions
Acknowledgements:
• Sarwal Lab
• Mentors: Juliane Liberto, Izabella Damn, Szu-Chuan Hsieh
• PI: Minnie Sarwal, Tara Sigdel
• SEP Staff and Interns
• Nominating Teacher: Mrs. Julie Reis
Figure 3. Potential utility of cell free DNA (cfDNA) in urine.
Urine can be collected at time of patient’s clinic visits to monitor
cfDNA. A baseline cfDNA level for each patient is determined by
measuring cfDNA at a time when graft functions properly. Urine
collected at the time of visit (scheduled or due to suspected
dysfunction) are then compared to the patients’ individual
baseline. A substantial increase in cfDNA could be used for
clinical monitoring.
Figure 1. Diagram of a patient who has undergone a kidney
transplant. The new organ is grafted into the patient inferolateral to
the original damaged kidneys.
copy#
mL urine
/
mg urine creatinine
mL urine
