The document discusses the anatomy and disorders of the heart. It describes the four chambers of the heart, being the two atria that receive blood from veins and two ventricles that pump blood through arteries. It also discusses pericardial tamponade which is bleeding into the pericardial space restricting heart expansion and causing shock or death if not corrected. Finally, it mentions some common valve disorders like leaky valves that force the heart to re-pump blood due to backflow, stenosis where valves are stiff and don't open fully requiring the heart to pump harder, and mitral valve prolapse which is a common disorder where the mitral valve opens into the atrium when shutting and allows blood backflow.

1. Cardiac anatomy
by xayouluma

10. Pericardial Tamponade
• Bleeding into
pericardial space
after chest trauma
• Excess blood
restricts expansion
of heart during
pumping
• Causes shock or
death if not
corrected

11. Heart Chambers
Four chambers:
• 2 atria: top of
heart – receive
blood from
veins
• 2 ventricles:
bottom of heart
– pump blood
through arteries

21. Nodes (you need to know these)

22. Valve Disorders
• Leaky Valves:
caused by
incompetent or
deformed valves
that force the heart
to re-pump blood
because of
backflow

23. Stenosis
Valves are stiff and do not open completely.
Heart has to pump harder
Murmur: stenosis

24. Mitral Valve Prolapse• The most
common valve
disorder
(5-10% of people)
• Mitral valve
opens
(prolapses)
into atrium
when shutting
& allows blood
backflow