Sonofusion Research team from various organizations have joined forces to create acoustic fusion technology energy consortium (AFTEC) to promote the development of sonofusion. It was derived from a related phenomenon, sonoluminescence. ■ Sonofusion involves tiny bubbles imploded by sound waves can make hydrogen nuclei fuse-and may one day become a revolutionary new energy source. SONOLUMINESCENCE ☐ When a gas bubble in liquid is excited by ultrasonic acoustic waves, it can emit short flashes of light suggestive of extreme temperatures inside the bubble. ■These flashes of light, known as sonoluminescence, occur as the bubble implodes, or cavitates. ■Chemical reactions occurs. THE IDEA OF SONOFUSION Technically known as acoustic inertial confinement fusion. ■ In this piezoelectric crystal attached to a liquid- filled flask send pressure waves through the fluid, exciting the motion of tiny gas bubbles. High temperatures and pressure speculated t bble bure.fit is a health and fitness po... eading to conditions Suitable for thermonuclear fusion.

1. SEMINAR
ON
BUBBLE POWER
THE REVOLUTIONARY
NEW
ENERGY SOURCE
BY:
VISHNU.S
ROLL.NO.4428
S7.ME

2. INTRODUCTION
 Sonofusion Research team from various
organizations have joined forces to create
acoustic fusion technology energy consortium
(AFTEC) to promote the development of
sonofusion.
 It was derived from a related phenomenon,
sonoluminescence.
 Sonofusion involves tiny bubbles imploded by
sound waves can make hydrogen nuclei fuse-and
may one day become a revolutionary new energy
source.

3. SONOLUMINESCENCE
 When a gas bubble in liquid is excited by
ultrasonic acoustic waves, it can emit short
flashes of light suggestive of extreme
temperatures inside the bubble.
 These flashes of light, known as
‘sonoluminescence’, occur as the bubble
implodes, or cavitates.
 Chemical reactions occurs .

4. THE IDEA OF SONOFUSION
 Technically known as acoustic inertial confinement
fusion.
 In this piezoelectric crystal attached to a liquid-filled
flask send pressure waves through the fluid, exciting
the motion of tiny gas bubbles.
 High temperatures and pressure speculated at the
bubble core .
 This leading to conditions suitable for thermonuclear
fusion.

5. EXPERIMENTAL SET UP

6. BASIC REQUIREMENTS
 Pyrex flask
 Vacuum pump
 Piezoelectric crystal
 Wave generator
 Amplifier
 Neutron generator
 Neutron and gamma ray detector
 Photomultiplier
 Microphone & speaker

7. HOW SONOFUSION WORKS
 Action of vacuum pump.
 Fill the flask with deuterated acetone.
 For initiation an oscillating voltage of 20kHz
applied to the ring.
 Fire a pulsed neutron generator.

8. EXPERIMENTAL SET UP

9. ACTION IN THE FLASK
Stage (1)
Neutrons flying through
the flask create a bubble
cluster in the deuterated
acetone liquid.

10. Stage (2)
 The negative pressure in
the liquid makes the
bubbles swell 100000
times in size (from nano
to millimeter-scale).

11. Stage (3)
 The liquid pressure
turns positive and
compresses the
bubble, causing them
to implode with great
violence.

12. Stage(4)
 The implosion creates
an instantaneous
pressure of 10 trillion
kilopascals and
temperature of more
than 100 million
degree C, making the
deuterium fuse.

13. EXPERIMENTAL SET UP

14. FUSION REACTION
 Deuterium-Deuterium fusion has two probable
outputs, helium and a 2.45-MeV neutron or tritium
and a proton.
 The energy of 2.45MeV neutron can be harnessed in
a reactor to create water vapor &drive an electricity
generator.

16. EVIDENCE TO SUPPORT
TABLETOP NUCLEAR FUSION
DEVICE
 We gather two kinds of evidence that the
deuterium is fusing.
 The first is by measuring levels of another
hydrogen isotope tritium
 The second is neutron emissions detected by
the neutron detector.

17. SEQUENCE OF EVENTS

18. OTHER APPROACHES
 Mainly two types:
Laser beam technique.
Magnetic confinement fusion

19. ADVANTAGES
 It is self sustaining.
 Easily control.
 Produce more energy than it consumes.
 Low cost.
 Easily available raw materials.
 Environmental friendly.

20. APPLICATIONS
 The technology might one day, in theory, lead to a new
source of energy. It may result in a new class of low cost
energy.
 Compact detectors for security applications.
 To analyze molecular structure of materials.
 Machines that cheaply manufacture new synthetic
materials & efficiently produce tritium, which is used for
medical imaging to watch dials.

21. FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS
 Fully self-sustained.
neutrons

22. Contd…
 To create a full-size electricity producing
nuclear generator.

23. CONCLUSION
 For more than half a century,
thermonuclear fusion has held out the
promise of cheap, clean and virtually
limitless energy.

24. REFERENCE
 IEEE spectrum ,MAY 2005.
 www.purdue.edu
 www.iter.org
 www.washington.edu

25. THANK YOU