This document provides information about breast cancer in Nepal. It begins with defining cancer and describing how it spreads before focusing on breast cancer. It states that breast cancer is the uncontrolled growth of breast cells and is the 2nd most common cancer in women in Nepal. The document then covers risk factors, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, screening and prevention of breast cancer in Nepal. It concludes by listing awareness programs and contact information for the medical team.

2. About Cancer
1. A class of disease characterized by out-of-control cell growth.
2. It harms the body when damaged cells divide uncontrollably to
form lump or masses called tumors.
3. Tumors that stay in one spot and has limited growth are known to
be benign (not much dangerous).
4. Tumors that spread to other parts of body & grows rapidly are
known to be malignant (dangerous).
5. This process of spreading to other parts (organ, circulatory,
nervous, lymphatics) i.e invading is known as metastasis.

4. Breast
Cancer
Awareness
Slide By: Dr. Shristina Pradhan

5. About Breast Cancer
1. It is uncontrolled growth of breast cells.
2. The term “breast cancer” means a malignant tumor ( but all growths that is tumors are
malignant)
3. Either begins in the cells of the lobules (milk-producing gland)or the ducts (passages
that drain milk from lobules to the nipple). Less commonly from fatty and fibrous
connective tissues of the breast.
4. Affects 100 times more female but also found in male.

6. Nepal Data on Breast Cancer
2
2nd most common cancer in women
(7.2% of all malignancy).
11.6%
nd
WHO cancer country profile breast
cancer mortality rate 11.6%
in Nepal

7. Nepal Data on Breast Cancer
According to the latest WHO data published in
April 2011 Breast Cancer Deaths in Nepal
reached 1,248 or 0.84% of total deaths. And 5000
diagnosed with breast cancer with data of
Globocan 2012.
1808 Cases
New cases in annual report
2074/75 is 1808.
41 - 50 years
High in perimenopausal
women (41 to 50 yrs).
II & III stage
Mostly presented at stage II
and stage III.

8. Risk Factors Findings
Non-Modifiable:
1. Age
2. Gender
3. Family history
4. Genetic history (BRCA 1,BRCA 2)
5. Early Menarche (12yrs) and late
menopause(55yrs)
Genetic Risk
27%
Non-Genetic Risk
73%
Genetic Risk
Non- Genetic Risk
Modifiable:
1. Obesity
2. Hormonal exposure (OCPs)
3. Radiation exposure
4. Smoking
5. Alcohol
6. No child or after 30 yrs & reduced
breast feeding

9. Factors that can help Lower
Risk of Breast Cancer
01
Healthy Weight
02
Not Smoking
03
Regular Physical
Activity
04
No Alcohol Use
05
Eat Healthy

10. Signs and Symptoms

11. A Picture Is
Worth a
Thousand
Words

12. Diagnosis
BSE
Clinical
Detectable lumps;
regular self-exam (BSE)
Imaging - USG
Since all lumps aren’t
palpable and confirms
the diagnosis
USG ( below 40yrs)
Imaging -
Mammogram
Since all lumps aren’t
palpable and confirms the
diagnosis
Mammograms ( above
40yrs)
Histopathology
FNAC (Fine needle
aspiration with
cytology)/ Biopsy

13. Cancer Screening
1. Checking a woman’s breasts for cancer before there are signs or
symptoms of the disease.
2. Cannot prevent breast cancer, it can help find breast cancer early,
when it is easier to treat.
3. 50 to 74 years old – mammogram/ USG every two years.
4. Clinical Breast Exam.
5. Breast Self-Awareness.
6. Benefits: finding cancer early, when it’s easier to treat.
7. Risk: Stress, False positive result, Over diagnosis & over treatment,
false negative.

14. Facts on Cancer Screening
Early detection leads to Early approach,
Early diagnosis and Early treatment & cure
(at least 5 yrs more survival).
40%
“Forty percent of diagnosed
breast cancers are detected
by women who feel a lump, so
establishing a regular
breast self-exam is very
important.”
98%
Almost 98% in Nepal are
diagnosed with lump.

15. Breast Self Examination Guide
Age
35years
Gender
Female
Allergies
None
Location
Málaga, Spain

16. Step 1. Examine
your Breast in
Shower using Soap
and Water

17. Step 2. Examine Breast
in the Mirror

18. Step 3. Check the Breast by putting hands
Down, Up or on Hips in the Mirror
Mirror
Down Up On Hips

19. Step 4. Stand and Press your Fingers on the
Breast moving fingers Up -Down and Rotation
Up- Down Rotation
&

20. Step 5. Lie Down and Repeat Step 3 and Step 4

21. Step 6. Squeeze your Nipples to Check for
Any Discharge

22. Step 7. Repeat the steps from Step 2 on
Another Breast

23. While Doing BSE Look For:

24. Breast Cancer and COVID-19
1. High risk for complications for low
immunity especially due to treatment, other
comorbidities like HTN, COPD, Diabetes.
2. Respiratory Hygiene
3. Social distancing
4. Hand hygiene
5. Telemedicine
6. Seeking medical care is not a limitation of
COVID 19!

26. Our Awareness Programs For
October 2020
Rose T-Shirt Design Contest
Tiktok Dance Challenge
Music and more
#GoPinkChallage
Pink Day Online
Radio Kantipur Weekly Program

27. Our Medical Team
For More Detailed Information You Can Contact Us
Dr. Shristina
Pradhan
shristina.pradhank@gmail.com
Dr. Kapendra
Amatya
email@gmail.com

28. Interaction Time
Ask us all the questions you want to.

30. Thank You.