Black Star Sapphire, from Preah Vihear, Cambodia

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Gemological Institute of Cambodia

Gemological Institute of Cambodia / GEMIC Laboratory Co., Ltd. http://gem.agency / info@gem.agency/

Science

Black Star Sapphire, from Preah Vihear, Cambodia

The return of a sample of near-surface atmosphere from Mars would facilitate answers to several first-order science questions surrounding the formation and evolution of the planet. One of the important aspects of terrestrial planet formation in general is the role that primary atmospheres played in influencing the chemistry and structure of the planets and their antecedents. Studies of the martian atmosphere can be used to investigate the role of a primary atmosphere in its history. Atmosphere samples would also inform our understanding of the near-surface chemistry of the planet, and ultimately the prospects for life. High-precision isotopic analyses of constituent gases are needed to address these questions, requiring that the analyses are made on returned samples rather than in situ.

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