The document discusses different ways to determine the sex of birds. It notes that the author previously thought it required surgery or extensive observation by experts to tell males and females apart. However, it states that determining the sex of birds can actually be done through examining physical traits like feathers, beak size and shape, and without much experience. Readers are then instructed to look at images of two birds on the next page to see if they can identify which is the female based on visual cues.