This document summarizes the Broad-Based Black Economic Empowerment Bill passed by the South African parliament. The bill aims to promote greater black participation in the South African economy through various socio-economic empowerment strategies, establish an advisory council to advise on black economic empowerment, and allow the minister to issue codes of good practice and transformation charters. It defines key terms, establishes the objectives of the bill, and outlines the roles and composition of the newly formed Black Economic Empowerment Advisory Council.
Goverment gazette barring whites from employment in South Africaboerentrepreneur
It's important to note that two Broad-Based Black-Economic Empowerment Acts bar the vast majority of white males (from 2003) and white females and the white disabled (from 2011) from the South African labour market.
Goverment gazette barring whites from employment in South Africaboerentrepreneur
It's important to note that two Broad-Based Black-Economic Empowerment Acts bar the vast majority of white males (from 2003) and white females and the white disabled (from 2011) from the South African labour market.
Key Takeaways:
Impact of Covid-19 and Stimulus Package
Budget Philosophy and Strategy
Sectoral Allocations
Developmental Objectives and Measures
Key Statistics and Comparison with India
Key Takeaways:
Understanding Finance Commission and its Functions
Assessment of Union and State Finances
Recommendations on Vertical and Horizontal Devolution
Allocation of Grants-in-aid to States and Local Bodies
Recommendations on Disaster Risk Management
This law is adopted by the National Assembly of the Kingdom of Cambodia in Phnom Penh on August 4, 1994 during the extraordinary session of the first legislature.
Phnom Penh, August 4, 1994
The Acting Chairman of the National Assembly
LOY SIM CHHEA
---
Source: http://www.caminfoservices.com/cdc/law-on-the-investment_940805.html
IMF World Economic Outlook - April 2020 (as updated by June 2020 Forecast)DVSResearchFoundatio
Key Takeaways:
- Global Prospects and Policies
- Deep Downturn in 2020 and Uncertain Recovery in 2021
- Policy Tracker on Responses to COVID-19
- Commodity Market Development and Forecasts
- Global Government Debt and Fiscal Deficits
Key Takeaways:
Impact of Covid-19 and Stimulus Package
Budget Philosophy and Strategy
Sectoral Allocations
Developmental Objectives and Measures
Key Statistics and Comparison with India
Key Takeaways:
Understanding Finance Commission and its Functions
Assessment of Union and State Finances
Recommendations on Vertical and Horizontal Devolution
Allocation of Grants-in-aid to States and Local Bodies
Recommendations on Disaster Risk Management
This law is adopted by the National Assembly of the Kingdom of Cambodia in Phnom Penh on August 4, 1994 during the extraordinary session of the first legislature.
Phnom Penh, August 4, 1994
The Acting Chairman of the National Assembly
LOY SIM CHHEA
---
Source: http://www.caminfoservices.com/cdc/law-on-the-investment_940805.html
IMF World Economic Outlook - April 2020 (as updated by June 2020 Forecast)DVSResearchFoundatio
Key Takeaways:
- Global Prospects and Policies
- Deep Downturn in 2020 and Uncertain Recovery in 2021
- Policy Tracker on Responses to COVID-19
- Commodity Market Development and Forecasts
- Global Government Debt and Fiscal Deficits
Informal economy is often stated as a temporary phenomenon which diminishes along economic growth. The sector is regularly taken as granted and its role for development is not properly seen. Around 80 percent of the GDP in Cambodia is produced by the informal sector. Informal economy is also important for the country’s urban areas and particularly for the country’s capital city. The economic development of Phnom Penh, the capital, is combined with a growth in its non-agricultural informal sector.
At the same time the city’s slum settlements are mushrooming, creating more pressures on the informal sector. As a result, many of the city’s informal workers have become working poors. Without proper protection and legalization of the informal sector, these poor citizens cannot be lifted up from the poverty trap and the sustainable development of the city cannot be achieved. In the 1970s informal sector became a common topic in international development discussions. Informality was identifi ed as a continued existence of traditional activities and production methods that would disappear along with industrialization and modernization (Straub, 2005).
The sector was seen marginal for growth and separate from the formal sector. However, later on the informal economy has increased, particularly in the Corresponding author: Ulla Heinonen Water Resources Laboratory Helsinki University of Technology - TKK P.O. Box 5200, FIN-02015 TKK, Finland Email: ulla.heinonen@tkk.fi countries where income is not equally distributed, and has become an integrated part of the economy in many countries (Becker, 2004). Thus, the informal economy - the refined definition of the International Labour Organisation (ILO) - could no longer be seen as a temporary phenomenon, or as a phenomenon that straightforwardly decreases with economic growth. In the recent decades the sector has grown around the world and it is currently the largest “economy” in many countries (ILO, 2002).
It seems to be that if economic growth is not accompanied by improvements in employment and income distribution, the informal economy does not shrink. Instead, it seems to expand, both in urban and in
Economics regulation of domestic and foreign exchange market.Shashank Katiyar
Economics regulation of domestic and foreign exchange market.National board of Micro, small and medium enterprises.Advisory committee,Memorandum of MSME,Measures for promotion and enhancement of competitiveness of MSME.
Ramanujan college , university of Delhi
A LAW TO PROVIDE FOR PRUDENT MANAGEMENT OF THE STATE’S RESOURCES, ENSURE LONG – TERM MACRO ECONOMIC STABILITY, SECURE GREATER ACCOUNTABILITY AND TRANSPARENCY IN FISCAL OPERATIONS WITHIN A MEDIUM TERM FISCAL POLICY FRAME WORK AND THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE FISCAL RESPONSIBILITY COMMISSION TO ENSURE THE PROMOTION AND ENFORCEMENT OF THE STATE’S ECONOMIC OBJECTIVES AND OTHER MATTERS CONNECTED THEREWITH.
1.1. Cabinet welcomed the outcomes of the 12th BRICS Summit which was led by President Cyril Ramaphosa. Hosted by President Vladimir Putin of the Russian Federation, the summit deliberated on the BRICS partnership for global stability, shared security and innovative growth.
1. REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFNCA
BROADlBASED BLACK
ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT
BILL
(As amended by the Portfolio Committee on Trade and Industry (National Assembly))
(The English text is the oficial text ofthe Bill)
(MINISTEORF T RADAEN D INDUSTRY)
. .
[B 27B-20033
No. of copes pnnted ....................... ........... I 800
ISBN 0 621 33879 6
2. BILL
To establish a legislative framework for the promotion of black economic
empowerment; to empower the Minister to issue codes of good practice and to
publish transformation charters; to establish the Black Economic Empowerment
Advisory Council; and to provide for matters connected therewith.
PREAMBLE
WHEREAS under apartheid race was used to control access to South Africa’s
productive resources and access to skills;
WHEREAS South Africa’s economy still excludes the vast majority of its people from
ownership of productive assets and the possession of advanced skills;
WHEREAS South Africa’s economy performs below its potential because of the low
level of income earned and generated by the majority of its people;
AND WHEREAS, unless further steps are taken to increase the effective participation
of the majority of South Africans in the economy, the stability and prosperity of the
economy in the future may be undermined to the detriment of all South Africans,
irrespective of race;
AND IN ORDER TO-
*
0
promote the achievement of the constitutional right to equality, increase
broad-based and effective participation of black people in the economy and
promote a higher growth rate, increaseemd ployment and more equitable income
distribution; and
establish a national policy on broad-based black economic empowerment so as
to promote the economic unity of the nation, protect the common market, and
promote equal opportunity and equal access to government services,
BE
IT ENACTED by the Parliament of the Republic of South Africa,
as follows:-
ARRANGEMENT OF ACT
Sections
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
Definitions
Objectives of Act
Interpretation of Act
Establishment of Black Economic Empowerment Advisory Council
Functions of Council
Composition of Council and appointment of members
Constitution and rules of Council
Remuneration and reimbursement of expenses
Codes of good practice
Status of codes of Sood practice
Strategy for broad-based black economic empowerment
5
10
15
3. 3
12. Transformation charters
13. Support services and funding of Council
11. Regulations
15. Short title and commencement
Definitions
1. In this Act, unless the context indicates otherwise-
“black people” is a generic term which means Africans, Coloureds and Indians;
“broad-based black economic empowerment” means the economic empower-ment
of all black people including women, workers, youth, people with disabilities
5
and people living in rural areas through diverse but integrated socio-economic 10
strategies that include, but are not limited to-
(a) increasing the number of black people th.at manage, own and control
(b) facilitating ownership and management of enterprises and productive
enterprises and productive assets;
assets by communities, workers, cooperatives and other collective 15
enterprises;
(c) human resource and skills development;
(d) achieving equitable representation in all occupational categories and
levels in the workforce;
and pro curemepn rte; ferential (e) 20
(f) investment in enterprises that are owned or managed by black people;
“Council” means the Black Economic Empowerment Advisory Council estab-lished
by section 4;
“members” means members of the Council;
“Minister” means the Minister of Trade and Industry; 25
66 organ of state” means-
(a) a national or provincial department as dcfined in the Public Finance
Management Act, 1999 (Act No. 1 of 1999);
(b) a municipality as contemplated in the Constitution;
(c) Parliament; 30
(d) a provincial legislature; and
(e) a constitutional institution listed in Schedule 1 to the Public Finance
Management Act, 1999 (Act No. 1 of 1999);
“prescribe” means prescribe by regulation;
“public entity” means a public entity listed in Schedule 2 or 3 to the Public 35
Finance Management Act, 1999 (Act No. 1 of 1999);
“strategy” means a strategy for broad-based black economic empowerment
issued in terms of section 11; and
“this Act” includes any code of good practice or regulation made under this Act.
Objectives of Act 40
2. The objectives of this Act are to facilitate broad-based black economic
empowerment by-
promoting economic transformation in order to (enable meaningful participa-tion
of black people in the economy;
achieving a substantial change in the racial composition of ownership and 45
management structures and in the skilled occupations of existing and new
enterprises;
increasing the extent to which communities, workers, cooperatives and other
collective enterprises own and manage existing and new enterprises and
increasing their access to economic activities, infrastructure and skills 50
training;
increasing the extent to which black women own and manage existing and
new enterprises, and increasing their accestso economic activities, infrastruc-ture
and skills training;
promoting investment programmes that lead to broad-based and meaningful 55
participation in the economy by black people in order to achieve sustainable
development and general prosperity;
empowering rural and local communities by enabling access to economic
activities; land, infrastructure, ownership and skills; and
4. 4
(g) promoting access to finance for black economic empowerment.
Interpretation of Act
3. Any person applying this Act must interpret its provisions so as-
(a) to give effect to its objectives; and
(bj to comply with the Constitution. 5
Establishment of Black Economic Empowerment Advisory Council
4. The Black Economic Empowerment Advisory Council is hereby established.
Functions of Council
5. The Council must-
(a) government advise economic black empowerment; on 10
(b) review progress in achieving black economic empowerment;
(c) advise on draft codes of good practice which the Minister intends publishing
for comment in terms of section 9(5);
(d) advise on the development, amendment or replacement of the strategy
(e) if requested to do so, advise on draft transformation charters; and
rf) facilitate partnerships between organs of state and the private sector that will
referred to in section 11; 15
advance the objectives of this Act.
Composition of Council and appointment of members
Council The 6. (1) consists of- 20
(a) the President, who is the chairperson of the Council;
(b) the Minister, with the Minister’s Director-General as an alternate;
(c) three other Cabinet Ministers, appointed by the President, with their
(d) no fewer than 10 and no more than 15 other members appointed by the 25
respective Directors-General as alternates;
President.
(2) When appointing members in termosf subsection (l)(d), the President shall have
regard to the need for the Council-
(a) to have appropriate expertise;
(b) to represent different relevant constituencies including trade unions, business, 30
community-based organisations and academics.
(3) In appointing members in termosf subsection (l)(d), the Presidents hall follow an
(4) The President shall appoint a Cabinet Minister who is also a member of the
appropriate consultative process.
Council to act as chairperson of the Council in the President’s absence. 35
Constitution and rules of Council
7. (1) The Minister must establish a constitution for the Council.
(2) The Minister may amend the constitution of the Council from time to time, after
(3) The Council may, by resolution, and after consultation with the Minister, make 40
consultation with the Council.
rules to further regulate the proceedings of the Council.
Remuneration and reimbursement of expenses
8. Council members will not be remunerated for their services, but will be reimbursed
for expenses incurred by theinm c arrying outt heir duties, as determined by the Minister,
conc utrhren cw ei th Mini ostfthe re of Finance. 45
Codes of good practice
9. (1) In order to promote the purposeso f the Act, the Minister may by notice in the
Gazette issue codes of good practice on black economic empowerment that may
include-
5. 5
the further interpretation and definition of broad-based black economic
empowerment and the interpretation and definition of different categories of
black empowerment entities;
qualification criteria for preferential purposes for procurement and other
economic activities; 5
indicators to measure broad-based black economic empowerment;
the weighting to be attached to broad-based blisck economic empowerment
indicators referred to in paragraph (c);
guidelines for stakeholders in the relevant sectors of the economy to draw up
trancsfhaoanrrmdte sarets ic otno r ;t heir for 10
any other matter necessary to achieve the objectives of this Act.
(2) A strategy issuedb y the Minister in termos f sectibn 11 1 must be taken into account
preparing any code of good practice.
(3) A code of good practice issued in terms of subsection (1) may specify-in
(a) targets consistent with the objectives of this Act; and 15
(b) the period within which those targets must be achieved.
(4) In order to promote the achievement of equality of women, as provided for in
section 9(2) of the Constitution, a code of good practice issued in terms of subsection (1)
and any targets specified in a code of good practice in terms of subsection (3), may
distinguish between black men and black women. 20
( 5 )T he Minister must, before issuing, replacingo r amendinga code of good practice
in terms of subsection (1)-
(a) publish the draft code of good practice or amendment in the Gazette for public
(b) grant interested persons a period of at least 60 days to comment on the draft 25
comment; and
code of good practice or amendment, as the case may be.
Status of codes of good practice
10. Every organ of state and public entity must take into account and, as far as is
reasonably possible, applya ny relevant code of good practice issued in termosf this Act
in- 30
(a) determining qualification criteria for the issuing of licences, concessions or
other authorisations in terms of any law;
(b) developing and implementing a preferential procurement policy;
(c) determining qualification criteria for the sale of state-owned enterprises; and
(d) developing criteria for entering into partnerships with the private sector. 35
Strategy for broad-based black economic empowerment
11. (1) The Minister-
(a) must issue a strategy for broad-based black economic empowerment;
(b) may change or replace a strategy issued in terms of this section.
(a) provide for an integrated co-ordinated and uniform approach to broad-based
strat e(gA2y ) in termsesc toi fto hni s must- 40
black economic empowerment by all organs of state, public entities, the
private sector, non-governmental organisations, ].oca1 communities and other
stakeholders;
(b) develop a plan for financing broad-based black exonomic empowerment; 45
(c) provide a system for organs of state, public entities and other enterprises to
prepare broad-based black economic empowerment plans and to report on
compliance with those plans; and
(d) be consistent with this Act.
Transformation charters 50
12. The Minister must publish in the Gazette for general information and promote a
transformation charter for a particular sector of the economy, if the Minister is satisfied
that the charter-
(a) has been developed by major stakeholders in that sector; and
object ivetsh ea d(v 6a)n ces of this Act. 55
6. 6
Support services and funding of Council
13. (1) The Department of Trade and Industry must provide the Council with the
necessary support services and funding out of money a.ppropriated by Parliament for
that purpose.
(2) The funds referred to in subsection (l), must be utilised for- S
(a) the establishment and operating costs of the Council; and
(b) the development and implementation of a communication plan on broad-based
black economic empowerment.
Regulations
14. The Minister may make regulations with regard to any matter that it is necessary 10
to prescribe in order to ensure the proper implementation of this Act.
Short title and commencement
15. This Act is called the Broad-Based Black EconomiEc mpowerment Act,2 003, and
comes into operation on a date to be determined by the President by proclamation in the
Gazette. 15
7. 7
MElClOIUNDUiCl ON THE OBJECTS OF THE BROAD-BASED
BLACK ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT BILL
1. BACKGROUND
South Africa‘s economy cannot operate to its full potential because the majority of
South Africans earn very low incomes and are still excluded from ownership of fixed
assets and the possession of advanced skills. This is to the detriment of all South
Africans and it is therefore necessary that steps are taken to increase the effective
participation in the economy by the majority of South Africans.
The Broad-Based Black Economic Empowerment Bill (hereinafter referred to as “the
Bill”) is one of a number of steps being taken by Government to address the problem.
A Black Economic Empowerment Advisory Council (hereinafter referred to as “the
Council”) is proposed as an advisory body. Support services and funding for the Council
will be provided by the Department of Trade and Industry (hereinafter referred to as
“DTY 1.
2. OBJECTS OF BILL
The term ‘broad-based’ is used in the Bill’s title in that the Bill seeks to-
* broaden the entrepreneurial base;
* extend black participation in the economy as measured in terms of ownership,
management and skills development;
* develop local communities and employees; and
* reduce income inequalities and poverty.
* promote economic transformation;
* change the racial composition of ownership and management structures of
* increase ownership and management by communities, workers and co-
* promote investment in enterprises owned and managed by black people;
* empower rural and local communities.
The Bill’s objectives are to-existing
and new enterprises;
operatives;
3. FINANCIAL IMPLICATIONS FOR STATE
It is envisaged thaCt ouncil members will not be remunerated exfcoerp td isbursement
costs and that thestablishment and operating costs of the Council will be
accommodated in the DTI budget.
4. ORGANISATIONS CONSULTED
The following organisations were consulted:
Black Business Council
Black Business Working Group
Big Business Working Group
NEDLAC
5. CONSTITUTIONAL IlLlPLICATIONS
None
6. COMMUNICATION IMPLICATIONS
It is recommended that the GCIS (Government Comm.unication and Information
System) and DTI develop a comprehensive communication plan around Black
Economic Empowerment generally and this Bill in particular.
8. 8
7. PARLIAMENTARY PROCEDURE
The State Law Advisers and the Department of Trade and Industry are of the opinion
that this Billm ust be dealwt ith in accordance witht he procedure established by section
75 of the Constitution since it contains no provision to which the procedure set out in
section 74 or 76 of the Constitution applies.
Printed by Creda Communications
ISBN 0 621 33879 6